The mediating role of personality in the relationship between reaction time and traffic perception in young adults

• Autorzy: Mamcarz Piotr , Madlenak Radovan , Pukalskas Saugirdas , Barta Dalibor , Žuraulis Vidas , Droźdźiel Paweł , Pečeliūnas Robertas , Rybicka Iwona , Droźdźiel Paulina

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.20858/tp.2023.18.2.07

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The objective of this research was to examine how personality acts as a mediator in the relationship between reaction time and traffic perception in young adults. Given the increase in the number of road accidents among this age group in the European Union, it is essential to understand the psychological determinants of risky driving behavior. A sample of 60 participants from Poland, Slovakia, and Lithuania was assessed using the Vienna Test System to measure personality, reaction time, time-movement anticipation, and traffic perceptions. The results indicate gender differences in self-control personality factor and motor reaction time, as well as a positive correlation between the sense of responsibility and time-movement anticipation. The proposed model was confirmed, demonstrating that mental stability mediates the relationship between reaction time and traffic perceptions. A driver with high mental stability can react faster to stimuli while accurately perceiving objects in road traffic. This study has implications for road safety policies and practices. Incorporating personality assessments into driver training programs can help develop interventions that target specific personality traits. Furthermore, interventions aimed at enhancing mental stability may help reduce the likelihood of accidents among young drivers. However, this study’s limitations, such as the small sample size and narrow age range, should be considered in future research with other age groups and additional variables that directly impact traffic safety.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

personality; traffic perception; road safety; time movement anticipation; psychomotor performance

PL

osobowość; postrzeganie ruchu; bezpieczeństwo na drodze; przewidywanie ruchu w czasie; sprawność psychomotoryczna

• Wydawca: Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
• Czasopismo: Transport Problems
• Rocznik: 2023
• Tom: T. 18, z. 2
• Strony: 75--86
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 25 poz.

Twórcy

autor

Mamcarz Piotr

• The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin; Racławickie 14 Avenue, 20-022, Lublin, Poland

• https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6307-6326

autor

Madlenak Radovan

• University of Žilina; Univerzitná 8215/1, 010 26 Žilina, Slovakia

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4376-0830

autor

Pukalskas Saugirdas

• Vilnius Gediminas Technical University; J. Basanavičiaus g. 28, 03224 Vilnius, Lithuania

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5051-1840

autor

Barta Dalibor

• University of Žilina; Univerzitná 8215/1, 010 26 Žilina, Slovakia

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8784-7938

autor

Žuraulis Vidas

• Vilnius Gediminas Technical University; J. Basanavičiaus g. 28, 03224 Vilnius, Lithuania

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6210-7642

autor

Droźdźiel Paweł

• Lublin University of Technology; Nadbystrzycka Street 36, 20-618 Lublin, Poland; e-mail: [e-mail]

• https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2187-1633

autor

Pečeliūnas Robertas

• Lublin University of Technology; Nadbystrzycka Street 36, 20-618 Lublin, Poland

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7209-0741

autor

Rybicka Iwona

• Vilnius Gediminas Technical University; J. Basanavičiaus g. 28, 03224 Vilnius, Lithuania

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1390-6907

autor

Droźdźiel Paulina

• Lublin University of Technology; Nadbystrzycka Street 36, 20-618 Lublin, Poland

• https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5496-9932

Bibliografia

• 1. Cabrera-Arnau, C. & Bishop, S. R. Urban population size and road traffic collisions in Europe. PLoS One. 2021. Vol. 16. No. 8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256485.
• 2. Nijboer, M. & Borst, J. P. & van Rijn, H. & Taatgen, N. A. Driving and multitasking: the good, the bad, and the dangerous. Front. Psychol. 2016. Vol. 7. P. 1718. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/ fpsyg.2016.01718/full.
• 3. Bongiorno, N. & Bosurgi, G. & Pellegrino, O. & Sollazzo, G. How is the driver’s workload influenced by the road environment? Procedia Eng. 2017. Vol. 187. P. 5-13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.04.343.
• 4. Szydłowski, T. & Surmiński, K. & Batory, D. Drivers’ psychomotor reaction times tested with a test station method. Appl. Sci. 2021. Vol. 11. No. 5. P. 1-11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/app11052431.
• 5. Lucidi, F. & Girelli, L. & Chirico, A. & Alivernini, F. & Cozzolino, M. & Violani, C. & Mallia, L. Personality traits and attitudes toward traffic safety predict risky behavior across young, adult, and older drivers. Front. Psychol. 2019. Vol. 10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/FPSYG. 2019.00536.
• 6. Gray, R. & Regan, D.M. Perceptual processes used by drivers during overtaking in a driving simulator. Hum. Factors. 2005. Vol. 47. No. 2. P. 394-417. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1518/0018720054679443.
• 7. Bąk, J. & Bąk-Gajda, D. Psychological factors in road safety. Eksploat. i Niezawodn. 2003. No. 3.
• 8. Lajunen, T. & Gaygısız, E. Born to be a risky driver? The relationship between cloninger’s temperament and character traits and risky driving. Front. Psychol. 2022. Vol. 13. P. 2739. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/FPSYG.2022.867396.
• 9. Ulleberg, P. Personality subtypes of young drivers. Relationship to risk-taking preferences, accident involvement, and response to a traffic safety campaign. Transp. Res. Part F Traffic Psychol. Behav. 2001. Vol. 4. No. 4. P. 279-297. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1369-8478(01)00029-8.
• 10. Nechtelberger, M. & Vlasak, T. & Senft, B. & Nechtelberger, A. & Barth, A. Assessing psychological fitness to drive for intoxicated drivers: relationships of cognitive abilities, fluid intelligence, and personality traits. Front. Psychol. 2020. Vol. 11. P. 1002. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01002/bibtex.
• 11. Redenbo, S.J. & Lee, Y.C. Effects of cognitive and perceptual loads on driver behavior. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board. 2009. Vol. 2138. No.1. P. 20-27. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3141/2138-04.
• 12. Kaça, G. & İzmitligil, T. & Koyuncu, M. & Amado, S. How well do the traffic psychological assessment systems predict on-road driving behaviour? Appl. Cogn. Psychol. 2021. Vol. 35. No. 5. P. 1321-1337. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ACP.3867.
• 13. Almallah, M. & Alfahel, R. & Hussain, Q. & Alhajyaseen, W.K.M. & Dias, C. Empirical evaluation of drivers’ start-up behavior at signalized intersection using driving simulator. Procedia Comput. Sci. 2020. Vol. 170. P. 227-234. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PROCS.2020.03.034.
• 14. Ouimet, M.C. & Pradhan, A.K. & Brooks-Russell, A. & Ehsani, J.P. & Berbiche, D. & Simons- Morton, B.G. Young drivers and their passengers: a systematic review of epidemiological studies on crash risk. J. Adolesc. Health. 2015. Vol. 57. No. 5. P. 24-35. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2015.03.010.
• 15. Živković, S. & Nikolić, V. & Markič, M. & Zana Zivkovi, S. & Nikoli, V. & Marki, M. Influence of professional drivers’ personality traits on road traffic safety: case study. International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion. 2015. Vol. 22. No. 2. P. 100-110. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/17457300.2013.843571.
• 16. Lei, Y. & Zhang, G. & Lu, S. & Qian, J. Generation paths of major road accidents based on fuzzy- set qualitative comparative analysis. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Heal. 2022. Vol. 19. No. 21. P. 13761. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192113761.
• 17. van Maanen, L. & Katsimpokis, D. & van Campen, A. D. Fast and slow errors: logistic regression to identify patterns in accuracy - response time relationships. Behav. Res. Methods 2019. Vol. 51. No. 5. P. 2378-2389. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-018-1110-z/figures/7.
• 18. Totkova, Z. Interconnection between driving style, traffic locus of control, and impulsivity in bulgarian drivers. Behav. Sci. 2020. Vol. 10. No. 2 P. 58. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/BS10020058.
• 19. Rosa, E. & Lyskov, E. & Grönkvist, M. & Kölegård, R. & Dahlström, N. & Knez, I. & Ljung, R. & Willander, J. Cognitive performance, fatigue, emotional, and physiological strains in simulated long-duration flight missions. APA. 2022. Vol. 34. No. 2. P. 224-236. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/08995605.2021.1989236.
• 20. Droździel, P. & Tarkowski, S. & Rybicka, I. & Wrona, R. Drivers ’reaction time research in the conditions in the real traffic. Open Eng. 2020. Vol. 10. No. 1. P. 35-47. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/eng-2020-0004/machinereadablecitation/ris.
• 21. Pan, C. & Xu, J. & Fu, J. Effect of gender and personality characteristics on the speed tendency based on Advanced Driving Assistance System (ADAS) Evaluation. J. Intell. Connect. Veh. 2021. Vol. 4. No. 1. P. 28-37. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JICV-04-2020-0003.
• 22. Oppenheim, I. & Oron-Gilad, T. & Parmet, Y. & Shinar, D. Can traffic violations be traced to gender-role, sensation seeking, demographics and driving exposure? Transp. Res. Part F Traffic Psychol. Behav. 2016. Vol. 43. P. 387-395. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TRF.2016.06.027.
• 23. Turner, C. & McClure, R. Age and gender differences in risk-taking behaviour as an explanation for high incidence of motor vehicle crashes as a driver in young males. Inj. Control Saf. Promot. 2003. Vol. 10. No. 3. P. 123-130. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1076/ICSP.10.3.123.14560.
• 24. Keay, L. & Coxon, K. & Chevalier, A. & Brown, J. & Rogers, K. & Clarke, E. & Ivers, R. Q. Sex Differences Evident in Self-Reported but Not Objective Measures of Driving. Accid. Anal. Prev. 2018. Vol. 111. P. 155-160. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/J.AAP.2017.11.011.
• 25. Biela, A. & Wontorczyk, A. & Gorbaniuk, O. & Biela-Warenica, M. Searching for Predictors of Safe Driving Behaviour as an Important Activity in Achieving an Integrated Traffic System. Research on the Behavioural Criterion of the Psychometric Test Validity for Drivers. Journal for Perspectives of Economic Political and Social Integration. 2021. Vol. 27. No. 2. P. 7-45. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18290/PEPSI-2021-0006.