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Recently, some major changes have occurred in the structure of the European foundry industry, such as a rapid development in the production of castings from compacted graphite iron and light alloys at the expense of limiting the production of steel castings. This created a significant gap in the production of heavy steel castings (exceeding the weight of 30 Mg) for the metallurgical, cement and energy industries. The problem is proper moulding technology for such heavy castings, whose solidification and cooling time may take even several days, exposing the moulding material to a long-term thermal and mechanical load. Owing to their technological properties, sands with organic binders (synthetic resins) are the compositions used most often in industrial practice. Their main advantages include high strength, good collapsibility and knocking out properties, as well as easy mechanical reclamation. The main disadvantage of these sands is their harmful effect on the environment, manifesting itself at various stages of the casting process, especially during mould pouring. This is why new solutions are sought for sands based on organic binders to ensure their high technological properties but at the same time less harmfulness for the environment. This paper discusses the possibility of reducing the harmful effect of sands with furfuryl binders owing to the use of resins with reduced content of free furfuryl alcohol and hardeners with reduced sulphur content. The use of alkyd binder as an alternative to furfuryl binder has also been proposed and possible application of phenol-formaldehyde resins was considered.
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
99--105
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 20 poz., rys., wykr.
Twórcy
autor
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Foundry Engineering, Department of Moulding Materials, Krakow, Poland
autor
- Foundry Research Institute, Krakow, Poland
Bibliografia
- [1] Major-Gabryś, K. (2016). Environmentally Friendly Foundry Moulding and Core Sands, Katowice-Gliwice, Archives of Foundry Engineering. ISBN 978-83-63605-24-7. (in Polish).
- [2] Dobosz, St.M. (2006). Water in moulding and core sands. Krakow: WN Akapit. ISBN 83-89541-62-9. (in Polish).
- [3] Lewandowski, J.L. (1997). Materials for Foundry Moulds. Kraków: WN Akapit. ISBN 83-7108-21-2. (in Polish).
- [4] Bieda, S. Loose self-hardening moulding sands. Advertising material of Hüttenes Albertus Poland Company. (in Polish).
- [5] Dobosz, St.M., Drożyński, D., Jakubski, J., Major-Gabryś, K. (2014). The influence of the content of furfuryl alcohol monomer on the process of moulding sand’s thermal destruction. Archives of Metallurgy and Materials. 59(3), 1093-1096.
- [6] Fourberg, C. (2016). KALTHARZ resins for self-hardening moulding sands. In: 5th Scientific Conference "Moulding and core materials - theory and practice”, 5-8 October 2016 (pp. 31-46). Lublin, Poland: Huettenes Albertus Poland (in Polish).
- [7] Benz, N., Fourberg, C. (2012). Environmentally friendly furan resins with a free furfuryl alcohol content of less than 25%. In 3rd Scientific Conference "Moulding and core materials - theory and practice”, 20-22 May 2012 (pp. 129-137). Zakopane, Poland: Huettenes Albertus Poland (in Polish).
- [8] Gieniec, A. (2013). MAGNASET™ - new generation furan resins. ASK Chemicals Polska. (in Polish).
- [9] Hosadyna, M., Dobosz, St.M. & Major-Gabryś, K. (2011). Influence of the type of the hardener on the sulphur diffusion of moulding sand to the casting surface. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 11(spec.2), 87-92.
- [10] Dobosz, St.M., Hosadyna, M. (2010). New hardeners for self-hardening moulding sands with reduced emission of sulphur. In 2nd Scientific Conference "Moulding and core materials - theory and practice”, 29-31 August 2010 (pp. 1-20). Kazimierz Dolny, Poland: Huettenes Albertus Poland (in Polish).
- [11] Baier, J., Köppen, M. (1994). Handbook casting defects. IKO – Erbslöh. (in Polish).
- [12] Naro, R.L. (1999). Porosity Defects in Iron Castings From Mold-Metal Interface Reactions, Silver Anniversary Paper (99-206). AFS Transactions. March 1999, 839-851.
- [13] Stötzel, R., Koch, C., Klosowski, M., Brotzki, J. & Schrod, M. (2008). Wirkungsweise und Nutzen von grenzflächenaktiven Schlichten, Giesserei, 95(08), 54-60.
- [14] Linke, Th., van der Sluis, J.R. (1993). The influence of coatings on the graphite structure in the rim-zone of ductile iron castings, In 60th World Foundry Congress, 26 September - 1 October 1993. Hague, The Netherlands: World Foundry Organization.
- [15] Riposan, I., Chisamera, M., Stan, S. & Skaland, T. (2008). Surface Graphite Degeneration in Ductile Iron Castings for Resin Molds. Tsinghua Science and Technology. April, 157-163.
- [16] Holtzer, M. & Zych, J. (1997). Phenomena occurring at the interface between moulding sand - liquid cast iron, and surface quality of castings. Krzepnięcie Metali i Stopów. 33, 263-270. (in Polish).
- [17] Holtzer, M., Zych, J. & Retel, K. (1996). The influence of the interaction of mould and liquid cast iron on the quality of castings surface. Przegląd Odlewnictwa. 6, 129-134. (in Polish)
- [18] Hosadyna-Kondracka, M. (2012). Selection of molding sands to reduce the adverse impact of selected elements on the structure of cast iron castings. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, AGH, Krakow. (in Polish).
- [19] Holtzer, M., Bobrowski, A., Drożyński, D., Makselon, J. & Isendorf, B. (2013). Investigations of Properties of Moulding Sands with Resins Applied in the Alphaset Technology. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 13(spec.1), 31-37.
- [20] Łucarz, M., Drożyński, D., Jezierski, J., Kania, R., Kaczmarczyk, A. (2018). Comparison of the properties of the alkaline-phenolic binders for the moulding sand for the steel casting. In 73rd World Foundry Congress “Creative Foundry”, 23-27 September 2018 (pp. 229-230). Krakow, Poland: World Foundry Organization.
Uwagi
PL
Opracowanie rekordu w ramach umowy 509/P-DUN/2018 ze środków MNiSW przeznaczonych na działalność upowszechniającą naukę (2019).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-9085580d-5dcd-4207-8d5a-ff0ed140efbf