Variation in Structure and Color of Ostracoda Crustacean Shell as Biomarker for Detection of Water Pollution with Heavy Metals

• Autorzy: Al-Salman Ibrahim M. A.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.12911/22998993/169459

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Variations in structure and color of the shell of freshwater Ostracoda crustacean genus Cypris were used as a biomarker to detect the impact of heavy metals, i.e. cadmium in the form of CdCl₂ as a case of study. Concentrations of element used in experimental were submitted with their levels that were detected in Iraqi aquatic environment and the expected ranges resulting from the accumulation of these metals in aquatic systems. Therefore, salts of CdCl₂ were used to prepare the required concentrations 0.1, 0.1.5, 0.2, and 0.3 mg/L, respectively. Individuals of crustacean were taken at the rate of 10 adults (A) and 10 juveniles (J) at three replicates and the exposure time was recorded, at 6, 12, 24, 48 hours, and the tests were conducted under controlled laboratory conditions of light, pH, and temperature. The results showed that all individuals, A and J, were affected after 12 hours of treatment with CdCl₂, and observed slight differences in the level of impact, the activity and resistance of Cypris individuals to the impact of element that began with exchanged of color and density of shell, level of the flexibility of shell legator flap muscle within 24 hours, followed by opening and cracking all the shell over 48 hours and exposed the internal structures of the crustacean to direct impact of Cd. When following up on the survival and mortality rate at the level of individuals and comparing the speed of vulnerability of adults and juveniles, differences between both categories of individuals can be noticed, as death rates were recorded after 12 and 24 hours of treatment, amounting to 60 and 70%, respectively, at a concentration of 0.1 mg/L, while with concentrations 0.1.5 and 0.2 mg /L, the percentage increased in J to 80%, but at concentration 0.3, the percentage of mortality rate was equal and became 90% after 24 hours in A and J. The death rate of 100% was recorded with all concentrations used in the experiments after passage 48 hours of treatment with cadmium.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

biomarker; monitoring; crustacean shell; flexible muscle; adult; juvenile; Cypris; cadmium

• Wydawca: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej ; Lublin University of Technology
• Czasopismo: Journal of Ecological Engineering
• Rocznik: 2023
• Tom: Vol. 24, nr 10
• Strony: 1--12
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 37 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Al-Salman Ibrahim M. A.

• Department of Biology, College of Education for Pure Sciences, Ibin, Al-Haytham – University of Baghdad, Iraq

• https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3116-4967

Bibliografia

• 1. Adornado, A. P. 2018. Biosorption of lead and chromium in surface water using Philippine mud crab (Scylla serrata) and tahong (Perna viridis) shells. IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science, 191.
• 2. Ahamad, A., Madhav, S., Singh, A., Kumar, A., Singh, P. 2020. Types of Water Pollutants: Conventional and Emerging, Springer, Singapore, 2020. 21e41.
• 3. Aldaraji, I.K., A. Al-Salman, I.M.A. 2015. Ecological study for agricultural project (Bet Zwenah) Dyiala Governorate - Iraq. J. for Pure and Applied Science, Ibn Al-Haitham, 28(2).
• 4. Alexander. W. Raymond E. Biagini. D. 2022. Application of biological monitoring methods. chapter f (cdc.gov). NIOSH/DBBS, and R. DeLon Hull.
• 5. Al-Husseini K.T. Al-Salman I.M.A. 2020. Quarterly Variation and their Impact on Phytoplankton Dynamics in the Gharaf River Environment - Southern Iraq. J. Plant Archives, 20(1): 1354-1360.
• 6. Ali T. H. Jaweir H. J. Al-Salman I. M. 2020. Molecular identification of Hemifridericia sp (Oligochaeta: Enchytraeidae) in Tigris River, Baghdad /Iraq. Biochemical and cellular Archeves. 20, N (issue 2 October 2020).
• 7. Alserawi A.M. Ibrahim M.A. Al-Salman I.M.A. 2022. The effect of human activities in the installation and quality of street dust components in Baghdad city (Applied study in Al-Zafaraniyah sector). Cincinnati, OH, United States,11-12 April 2022.
• 8. Aljewari F.M. Ibrahim Ibrahiml-Salman. I.M.A. 2023. The level of heavy metals in street, storm and suspended dust and the extent of the interaction between them in the danger of polluted air (a case study in the Rusafa side of the city of Baghdad – Iraq. J, IHJPAS. 36(1), 1-14.
• 9. Al-Saeedi, HM.S. Al-Salman, I.M.A. 2022. Biodiversity of phytoplankton in two aquatic ecosystems (lotic and lentic) during the autumn season. P J M H S Vol. 16, No. 06.
• 10. Al-Salman I.M.A. 2010. Protista Science - Foundations and Application, Dar Taibah for Publishing, Distribution and Scientific Equipment, Chpt,15. Protozoan cultivation and propagation and its applications 1st Edt. Cairo – Egypt (in Arabic).
• 11. Al-Salman I M. Ibrahim. Th.M. Althwani M.N. 2011. The vital influence of Zinc and cobalt in Cypris sp from of primary consumers in the aquatic ecosystem. Seventh Scientific Conference 4-5/5/2011, Faculty of Science - Mustansiriya University-Baghdad, Iraq.
• 12. Al-Salman I.M.A. 2012. Use the Crustacean Cyclocypria as Bioclaner for bacteria Escherichia coli & Staphylococcus aurous in contaminated water. J. for Pure and Applied Science, Ibn Al-Haitham.
• 13. Al-Salman I.M.A. Truesdal V., Elzwayie A.A. 2013. Catfish (Clarias lazera) as bio- indicator to estimate the levels of heavy metals in hydro-ecosystem. (J. IJST, 8 (4); 56-62, 18-12.
• 14. Bonsignore M. Manta D.S. Mirto S. Quinci E.M. Ape ,F. Montalto V. Gristina M. Traina A. Sprovieri M. 2018. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in fish, crustaceans, mollusks, and echinoderms from the Tuscany coast. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. Oct 30; 162: 554-562.
• 15. Efrain T. Sánchez, R. Suarez-Rodríguez S. Augusto Ramírez-Trujillo. Leticia, V.C. Plata, I.H. Galante P.M. 2023. The Use of Biosensors for Biomonitoring Environmental Metal Pollution. Clarivate Analytics Book Citation.www.intechopen.com. Chapter, 1-24.
• 16. Esguerra M. Mangalam, Cabanban S. Gala M. Alamos M. Tella-in J. Adornado A. 2018. Biosorption of lead and chromium in surface water using Philippine mud crab (Scylla serrata) and thong (Perna viridis) shells. IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 191. 012104.
• 17. Goud S.M., Lanka S. 2021. Chitosan from Crustacean Shell Waste in Heavy Metal Removal from Industrial Effluents. Title of the Book Biotechnology for Sustainable Development. Published by Immortal Publications.
• 18. Griboff, J. Horacek M. Wunderlin D. Monferran M. 2018. Bioaccumulation andtrophic transfer of metals, as and Se through a freshwater food web affected by antrophic pollution in Cordoba, Argentina, Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 148, 275-284.
• 19. Iglikowska A. Wlliams. E.H., Przytarska J., Chelhowski M. 2020. Minor and trace elements in skeletons of Arctic echinoderms.
• 20. Iglikowska A. 2021. Heavy metals in aquatic crustaceans. European higher Education organizatio.
• 21. Joanes F.M. Alberola J.A. Palero F. Rueda J. 2020. A new species of Cypris (Crustacea: Ostracoda) from the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands, with comments on the first ostracod named using the Linnean system. Zootaxa,4759.1:1.
• 22. Kadim M.K. Rajani Y.2022. Biomarker for monitoring heavy metal pollution in aquatic environment: An overview toward molecular perspectives. Emerging Contaminants 8 (2022) 195–205.
• 23. Komi D.E., Hamblin M.R. 2016. Chitin and Chitosan: Production and Application of Versatile Biomedical Nanomaterials. Int J Adv Res (Indore). 2016 Mar;4(3): 411-427.
• 24. Lemos M.F.L. 2021. Biomarker Studies in Stress Biology: From the Gene to Population, from the Organism to the Application. Biology, 10, 1340.
• 25. Marco F., Lemos L. 2021. Biomarker Studies in Stress Biology: From the Gene to Population, from the Organism to the Application. Biology (Basel) Dec 16;10(12): 1340.
• 26. Matthew O. 2022. Ostracods, University College London Micropaleontology Unit, MIRACLE Project Manager [e-mail].
• 27. Mitra, A. Barua, P. Zaman, S. Kakoli Banerjee K. 2012. Analysis of Trace Metals in Commercially Important Crustaceans Collected from UNESCO Protected World Heritage Site of Indian Sundarbans. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 12: 53-66.
• 28. Myers P.R. Espinosa C.S. Parr T. Jones G.S. Hammond T. Dewey A. (2023). The Animal Diversity Web (online). Accessed at https://animaldiversity.org.
• 29. Padidaa P.Q. Maningasb R.V. Christian Paul C.P. Lustina P. Alforjab N. 2021. Crustacean waste shells as adsorption materials for heavy metals in an aqueous solution. Environmental Contaminants Reviews (ECR) 4(2), 33-35.
• 30. Schierwate B. DeSalle R. 2021. Invertebrate Zoology. A tree of life Aproach,1st edt, CRC, prss.628pp.
• 31. Schmitz M. Deutschmann B. Markert N. Backhaus T. Brack W. Brauns M. Brinkmann M. Seiler T. Fink P. Tang S. 2022. Demonstration of an aggregated biomarker response approach to assess the impact of point and diffuse contaminant sources in feral fish in a small river case study. Sci. Total Environ.804, 150020.
• 32. Shashkova T.L. Grigoriev Yu.S. 2013. Impact of heavy metals on the trophic activity of daphnia depending on feeding conditions and age of crustaceans. Contemporary Problems of Ecology volume 6, 662–666.
• 33. Shaker B.K. Alsalman I.M. Al-Atabbi M. S.2018. Effect of Exposure to Glyphosate Pesticide, Cadmium and Chromium on Biomass of Algae Chlorococcum humicola and Chlorella vulgaris in polluted Aqueous Culture. J. of Public health & Development. 9 (10): 708-713.
• 34. Speight J.G. 2017. Sources and types of organic pollutants, in: Environmental Organic Chemistry for Engineers, Elsevier, 2017, 153- 201.
• 35. Thanomist Ch. 2016. Monitoring of heavy metals contamination in aquatic organisms by applying metallothionein biomarker and its situation in Thailand. Naresuan Universit Journal: Scie and Technol:24(1)1-12.
• 36. Yap, C. Sharif Inia M. Cheng W. Al-Shami S. Wong K. Al-Mutairi. Kh. 2021 A Commentary on the Use of Bivalve Mollusks in Monitoring Metal Pollution Levels. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 18, 3386.
• 37. Zaharoff A.K. Lindgren A.R. Wolfe J.M. Oakley T.H. 2013. Phylotranscriptomics to Bring the Understudied into the Fold: Monophyletic Ostracoda, Fossil Placement, and Pan crustacean Phylogeny. Molecular Biology and Evolution. 30(1): 215-233.