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Chloride–hypochlorite oxidation and leaching of refractory sulfide gold concentrate

Treść / Zawartość
Identyfikatory
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
In this research, oxidation of sulfide minerals and leaching of gold from a gold–bearing sulfide concentrate using chloride–hypochlorite solution was investigated. The effects of calcium hypochlorite concentration, sodium chloride concentration and initial pH of leachant on changes of the slurry pH and Eh were examined. Then, considering the stability range of the gold complex (Eh ~ 1000 mV) and for-mation of chlorine gas (pH < 3.5), the optimum leaching parameters were determined. The optimum conditions were obtained at 200 g/dm3 calcium hypochlorite, 200 g/dm3 sodium chloride and initial pH 11 (with 200 g/dm3 concentrate, stirring speed 600 rpm and temperature 25C) at which about 82% gold was extracted in 2 h.
Rocznik
Strony
61--70
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 31 poz., rys., tab.
Twórcy
autor
  • School of Metallurgy and Materials, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
autor
  • School of Metallurgy and Materials, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
autor
  • School of Metallurgy and Materials, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Bibliografia
  • 1. ABBRUZZESE C., FORNARI P., MASSIDDA R., VEGLIO F., UBALDINI S., 1995, Thiosulphate leaching for gold hydrometallurgy, Hydrometallurgy, 39, 265–276.
  • 2. AYLMORE M.G., 2005, Alternative lixiviants to cyanide for leaching gold ores, in: Advances in Gold Ore Processing (Adams, M.D., Ed.), Developments in Mineral Processing, 15, 501–539.
  • 3. AYLMORE M.G., MUIR D.M., 2001, Thiosulfate leaching of gold – A review, Minerals Engineering, 14, 135–174.
  • 4. BAGHALHA M., 2007, Leaching of an oxide gold ore with chloride/hypochlorite solutions, International Journal of Mineral Processing, 82, 178–186.
  • 5. BAGHALHA M., 2012, The leaching kinetics of an oxide gold ore with iodide/iodine solutions, Hydro-metallurgy 113–114, 42–50.
  • 6. BLACK and VEATCH CORPORATION, 2010, White’s handbook of chlorination and alternative disin-fectants, 5th Edition, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 68–131.
  • 7. DAVIS A., TRAN T., YOUNG D.R., 1993, Solution chemistry of iodide leaching of gold, Hydrometal-lurgy, 32, 143–159.
  • 8. FARINHA P.A., CORREIA M.J.N., CARVALHO J.R., 1992, Leaching of gold from a Portuguese con-centrate with thiourea, Minerals Engineering, 5, 953–959.
  • 9. FEATHER A., SOLE K.C., BRYSON L.J., 1997, Gold refining by solvent extraction – the Minataur Process, The Journal of The South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, 97, 169–174.
  • 10. FENG D., VAN DEVENTER J.S.J., 2007, The role of oxygen in thiosulphate leaching of gold, Hydro-metallurgy, 85, 193–202.
  • 11. GAO G., LI D ., ZHOU Y., SUN X., SUN W., 2009, Kinetics of high-sulphur and high-arsenic refracto-ry gold concentrate oxidation by dilute nitric acid under mild conditions, Minerals Engineering, 22, 111–115.
  • 12. HANSFORD G.S., CHAPMAN J.T., 1992, Batch and continuous biooxidation kinetics of a refractory gold-bearing pyrite concentrate, Minerals Engineering, Minerals Engineering, 5, 597–612.
  • 13. IKIZ D., GULFEN M., AYDIN A.O., 2006, Dissolution kinetics of primary chalcopyrite ore in hypo-chlorite solution, Minerals Engineering, 19, 972–974.
  • 14. JEFFREY M.I., BREUER P.L., CHOO W.L., 2001, A kinetic study that compares the leaching of gold in the cyanide, thiosulfate, and chloride systems, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B, 32B, 979–986.
  • 15. KAI T., HAGIWARA T., HASEBA H., TAKAHASHI T., 1997, Reduction of thiourea consumption in gold extraction by acid thiourea solutions, Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 36, 2757–2759.
  • 16. KHOLMOGOROV A.G., KONONOVA O.N., PASHKOV G.L., KONONOV Y.S., 2002, Thiocyanate solutions in gold technology, Hydrometallurgy, 64, 43–48.
  • 17. LI J., SAFARZADEH M.S., MOATS M.S., MILLER J.D., LEVIER K.M., DIETRICH M., WAN R.Y., 2012, Thiocyanate hydrometallurgy for the recovery of gold. Part I: Chemical and thermodynamic considerations, Hydrometallurgy, 113–114, 1–9.
  • 18. LI J., SAFARZADEH M.S., MOATS M.S., MILLER J.D., LEVIER K.M., DIETRICH M., WAN R.Y., 2012, Thiocyanate hydrometallurgy for the recovery of gold. Part II: The leaching kinetics, Hydro-metallurgy, 113–114, 10–18.
  • 19. LONG H., DIXON D.G., 2004, Pressure oxidation of pyrite in sulfuric acid media: a kinetic study, Hy-drometallurgy, 73, 335–349.
  • 20. MARSDEN J.O., HOUSE C.I., 2005, The chemistry of gold extraction, 2nd Edition, Society for mining, metallurgy and exploration, Colorado, USA, 185–190.
  • 21. MURTHY D.S.R., KUMAR V., RAO K.V., 2003, Extraction of gold from an Indian low-grade refracto-ry gold ore through physical beneficiation and thiourea leaching, Hydrometallurgy, 68, 125–130.
  • 22. NESBITT C.C., MILOSAVLJEVIC E.B., HENDRIX J.L., 1990, Determination of the mechanism of the chlorination of gold in aqueous solutions, Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 29, 1696–1700.
  • 23. PANGUM L.S., BROWNER R.E., 1996, Pressure chloride leaching of a refractory gold ore, Minerals Engineering, 9, 547–556.
  • 24. PUVVADA G.V.K., MURTHY D.S.R., 2000, Selective precious metals leaching from a chalcopyrite concentrate using chloride–hypochlorite media, Hydrometallurgy, 58, 185–191.
  • 25. SABA M., YOUSEFI A.M., RASHCHI F., MOGHADDAM J., 2011, Diagnostic pre-treatment proce-dure for simultaneous cyanide leaching of gold and silver from a refractory gold/silver ore, Minerals Engineering 24, 1703–1709.
  • 26. SENANAYAKE G., 2004, Gold leaching in non-cyanide lixiviant systems: critical issues on fundamen-tals and applications, Minerals Engineering, 17, 785–801.
  • 27. SOO NAM K., HI JUNG B., WOONG AN J., JUN HA T., TRAN T., JUN KIM M., 2008, Use of chlo-ride–hypochlorite leachants to recover gold from tailing, International Journal of Mineral Processing, 86, 131–140.
  • 28. UBALDINI S., FORNARI P., MASSIDDA R., ABBRUZZESE C., 1998, An innovative thiourea gold leaching process, Hydrometallurgy, 48, 113–124.
  • 29. VAN MEERSBERGEN M.T., LORENZEN L., VAN DEVENTE J.S.J., 1993, The electrochemical disso-lution of gold in bromine medium, Minerals Engineering, 6, 1067–1079.
  • 30. VINALS J., JUAN E., RUIZ M., FERRANDO E., CRUELLS M., ROCA A., CASADO J., 2006, Leach-ing of gold and palladium with aqueous ozone in dilute chloride media, Hydrometallurgy, 81, 142–151.
  • 31. WELHAM N.J., KELSALL G.H., 2000. Recovery of gold from pyrite (FeS2) by aqueous chlorination, 1. Oxidation rates of gold and pyrite in aqueous chlorine solutions, in: Electrochemistry in Mineral and Metal Processing V (Woods, R., Doyle, F.M., Eds.), The Electrochemical Society, Pennington N.J., 141–151.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-8ffb3c0a-fac5-44a6-a93f-1a1254980a8e
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