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Abstrakty
This paper presents the basic information about the use of air curtains in fire safety, as a barrier for heat and smoke. The mathematical model of an air curtain presented allows to estimate the velocity of air in various points of space, including the velocity of air from an angled air curtain. Presented equations show how various parameters influence the performance of an air curtain, thus allowing for better understanding of its principle of operation. Further, authors present results of their previous studies on air curtain performance and validation studies on various turbulence models used in CFD analysis. Results of new studies are presented with regards to the performance of an air curtain in case of fire, and final remarks on its design are given.
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
145--153
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 25, wykr., rys., tab., fot.
Twórcy
autor
- Fire Research Department, Building Research Institute (ITB), 21 Ksawerów St., 02-611 Warszawa, Poland
autor
- Fire Research Department, Building Research Institute (ITB), 21 Ksawerów St., 02-611 Warszawa, Poland
Bibliografia
- [1] L. Goyonnaud and C. Solliec, “Mass transfer analysis of an air curtain system”, Trans. on Engineering Science 18, CD-ROM (1998).
- [2] F. Gugliermetti, L. Santrapia, and G. Zori, “Air curtain applied to fire smoke pollution control”, Trans. on Ecology and the Environment 66, CD-ROM (2003).
- [3] L. Guyonnaund, C. Solliec, M. Dufresene de Virel, and C. Rey, “Design of air curtains used for area confinement in tunnels”, Experiments in Fluids 28, 377-384 (2000).
- [4] L.L. Wang andZhong, “An approach to determine infiltration characteristics of building entrance equipped with air curtains”, Energy and Buildings 75, 312-320 (2014).
- [5] G. Krajewski, G. Sztarbała, “Air curtains used for separating smoke free zones in case of fire”, Proc. 12th Conf. Internal Building Performance Simulation Association 1, CD-ROM (2011).
- [6] G. Krajewski, “Air barriers used for separating smoke free zones in case of fire in tunnel”, Proc. 7th Int. Conf. “Tunnel Safety and Ventilation” 1, CD-ROM (2014).
- [7] G.N. Abramovitch, The Theory of Turbulent Jets, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts, 1963.
- [8] N. Rajaratnam, Turbulent Jets, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1976.
- [9] H. Schlichting, Boundary LAYER THEORY, Mc Graw-Hill Book, New York, 1968.
- [10] F.C. Hayes and W.F. Stoecker, “Heat transfer characteristics of the air curtain”, ASHRAE Trans. 2120, CD-ROM (1969).
- [11] F.C. Hayes and W.F. Stoecker “Design data for air curtains”, ASHRAE Transactions 2121, CD-ROM (1969).
- [12] G. Sztarbała, “An estimation of conditions inside construction works during a fire with the use of computational fluid dynamics”, Bull. Pol. Ac.: Tech. 61 (1), 155-160 (2013).
- [13] K. McGrattan and S. Miles, “Modelling enclosure fires using computational fluid dynamics (CFD)”, SFPE Handbook of Fire Protection Engineering 3, 3-229-3-246 (2008).
- [14] W. Węgrzyński and G. Krajewski “Selection of models and boundary conditions as a result of numerical analysis of smoke and heat propagation”, Building Materials 8, CD-ROM (2014), (in Polish).
- [15] T. Jin, Visibility Through Fire Smoke, Part 5. Allowable Smoke Density for Escape from Fire, Fire Research Institute of Japan, Tokyo, 1975.
- [16] P. Weng, “Tenability criteria for design of smoke hazard management systems”, Ecolibrium 8, 3-37 (2011).
- [17] D.A. Purser, “Toxicity assessment of combustion products”, SFPE Handbook of Fire Protection Engineering 2, 2-83-2-171 (2008).
- [18] P. Weng, “Tenability in building fires: limits and design”, Fire 1, CD-ROM (2010).
- [19] G. Krajewski, “Verification of CFD turbulence model used to simulations of air curtain”, Proc. Building Physics in Theory and Practice 1, CD-ROM (2013).
- [20] P. Amitesh and A.C. Tiwari, “Performance analysis of air curtain: a review of CFD approach”, Corona J. Science and Technology 3 (I), 1-7 (2014).
- [21] G. Krajewski, “Verification of numerical computation on the basis of physical tests of flat stream used for separating unsmoky areas”, Building Engineering and Architecture 12 (2), CD-ROM (2013), (in Polish).
- [22] W.Węgrzyński and G. Krajewski, “Application of investigation of a model scale to verify CFD computations of fire ventilation in communicating tunnels”, Mining and Tunnel Building XX (4), CD-ROM (2014).
- [23] Fire and Smoke Control in Road Tunnels 05.05B-1999, PIARC, 1999.
- [24] M. Jannsens, Development of a Database of Full-Scale Calorimeter Tests of Motor Vehicle Burns, Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, 2008.
- [25] H. Ingason and A. Lonnermark, “Heat release rates from heavy goods vehicles trailers in tunnels”, Fire Safety J. 40 (7), 646-668 (2005).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
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