Impact of Vermicompost Extract Application Into Soil and on Plant Leaves on Maize Phytomass Formation

• Autorzy: Kováčik P. , Renčo M. , Šimanský V. , Hanáčková E. , Wiśniowska-Kielian B.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.12911/22998993/59363

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Nowadays in scientific literature many opposing data are presented of the impacts of vermicompost extract on the quantity and quality of crop production. Therefore, the principal objective of two independent experiments was to study the effects of vermi extracts, which were applied before maize sowing into soil and during the growing season on the maize leaves, on its phytomass formation. The first, field experiment consisted of 9 variants. Variant 1 was the control one without the extract application. We studied the effect of the rising doses (90, 130, 170, 210 dm³.·ha^-1) of vermi-extract applied into soil before the maize sowing in the variants E₁, E₂, E₃, E₄. In the variants E₁+E, E₂+E, ₃+E, E₄+E along with the rising doses of vermi-extract was also applied the uniform dose of vermi-extract (40 dm³·ha^-1) at the growth stage BBCH 15. The second, pot experiment was pursued in the vegetation cage and comprised 3 variants: variant 1 was the control, in the variants 2 and 3 the foliar application of vermi-extract was used. The vermi-extract was applied once (growth stage BBCH 12) in the variant 2 and in the variant 3 it was used twice (at growth stages BBCH 12 and BBCH 16). The achieved results show that the vermi-extract applied in the presowing period in-creased the yield of maize grains if the application doses were 130–170 dm³·ha^-1. The positive or negative impact of the foliar application by vermi-extract on the yield of maize grains depended on the period of application and the grown cultivar. In order to increase the starch content in grains it was more suitable to carry out the presowing ver-miextract application than during the growing season. The presowing application and the foliar application of vermi-extract tended to decrease the nitrogen content in grain. The foliar application of vermi-extract had the positive impact on the plant height and stalk thickness of the maize plants only in short term. The information obtained from the first half of maize growing season related to the plant height and stalk thickness was not the appropriate indicator for the assessment of maize grain yields.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

vermicompost; vermi extract; foliar application; maize

• Wydawca: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej ; Lublin University of Technology
• Czasopismo: Journal of Ecological Engineering
• Rocznik: 2015
• Tom: Vol. 16, nr 4
• Strony: 143--153
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 38 poz., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Kováčik P.

• Department of Agrochemistry and Plant Nutrition, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 01 Nitra, Slovakia

autor

Renčo M.

• Department of Plant Nematology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia

autor

Šimanský V.

• Department of Soil Science and Geology, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 01 Nitra, Slovakia

autor

Hanáčková E.

• Department of Agrochemistry and Plant Nutrition, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 01 Nitra, Slovakia

autor

Wiśniowska-Kielian B.

• Department of Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, University of Agriculture, A. Mickiewicza Ave. 21, 31-120 Kraków, Poland

Bibliografia

• 1. Arancon N.Q., Edwards C.A., Bierman P., Welch C., Metzger, J.D. 2004. Influences of vermicomposts on field strawberries: 1. Effects on growth and yields. Bioresour. Technol., 93 (2), 145–153. doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2003.10.014.
• 2. Arancon N.Q., Edwards C.A., Bierman P., Metzger J.D., Lucht C. 2005. Effect of vermicomposts produced from cattle manure, food waste and paper waste on the growth and yield of peppers in the field. Pedobiologia, 49 (4), 297–306. doi:10.1016/j. pedobi.2005.02.001.
• 3. Bremner J.M. 1960. Determination of nitrogen in soil by the Kjeldahl method. J. Agric. Sci., 55 (1), 11–33. doi:10.1017/S0021859600021572.
• 4. Chalker-Scott L. 2005. The myth of compost tea, Episode III: Aerobically-brewed compost tea suppresses disease. [online:] www.puyallup.wsu.edu/~ Linda%20Chalker-Scott/Horticultural%20Myths_ files/Myths/Compost%20tea%203rd%20time.pdf.
• 5. Cohen J.B. 1910. Practical Organic Chemistry. MacMillan and Co., Limited; St. London, pp. 356.
• 6. Fiala K., Kobza J., Matúšková Ľ., Brečková V., Makovníková J., Barančíková G., Búrik V., Litavec T., Houšková B., Chromaničová A., Váradiová D., Pechová B. 1999. Záväzné metódy rozborov pôd. Bratislava: VÚPOP, pp. 142.
• 7. Frederickson J. 2002. Vermicomposting trials at the worm research centre: part 1. Technical evaluation. Integrated Waste Systems, Open University, pp. 107.
• 8. García-Gómez R.C., Dendooven L., Gutíérrez-Miceli F.A. 2008. Vermicomposting leachate (worm tea) as liquid fertilizer for maize (Zea mays L.) forage production. Asian J. Plant Sci., 7 (4), 360– 367. doi:10.3923/ajps.2008.360.367.
• 9. Ghorbani R., Koocheki A., Jahan M., Asadi G.A. 2008. Impact of organic amendments and compost extracts on tomato production and storability in agroecological systems. Agron. Sustain. Dev., 28, 307–311. doi:10.1051/agro:2008003.
• 10. Gutiérrez-Miceli F.A., García-Gómez R.C., Rincón Rosales R., Abud-Archila M., Llaven O.M.A., Cruz M.J.G., Dendooven L. 2008. Formulation of a liquid fertilizer for sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) using vermicompost leachate. Bioresource Technology, 99, 6174–6180. doi:10.1016/j. biortech.2007.12.043.
• 11. Grappelli A., Galli E., Tomati U. 1987. Earthworm casting effect on Agaricus bisporus fructification. Agrochimica, 21, 457–462.
• 12. Ingham E.R. 2005. The Compost Tea Brewing Manual: Latest methods and research. Soil Food Web, Corvallis, OR, 5th ed. 79 p.
• 13. ISO 10520. 1997. Native starch – Determination of starch content – Ewers polarimetric method, International Standard (E).
• 14. Klimeková M., Lehocká Z., Žák Š. 2007. The effect of three forecrops and Vermisol application on yields and baking quality of winter wheat in organic farming system. In: Proceeding of conference Organic farming 2007, CULS in Prague, 53–55.
• 15. Kmeťová M., Kováčik P. 2014. The impact of vermicompost application on the yield parameters of maize (Zea mays L.) observed in selected phenological growth stages (BBCH-scale). Acta fytotechn. Zootechnica, 17 (4), 100–108. doi:10.15414/ afz.2014.17.04.100–108.
• 16. Koppová A., Pirkl J., Kalina J. 1955. Stanovění popelovin v rostlinném materiálu přesními expeditívními metodami. Vědecké práce VÚRV, Praha, 1955.
• 17. Kostecka J. 2009. Selected aspects of the significance of earthworms in the context of sustainable waste management. In: Contemporary Problems of Management and Environmental Protection. W. Sądej (Ed.) Sevages and waste materials in environment. Olsztyn, 153–170.
• 18. Kováčik P. 1997. Rozbory pôd, rastlín, hnojív a výpočet dávok živín k poľným a záhradným plodinám. Nitra: SPU v Nitre, 99 pp,
• 19. Kováčik P. 2014. Princípy a spôsoby výživy rastlín. Nitra, SPU v Nitre, pp. 278.
• 20. Lanthier M. 2007. Compost tea and its impact on plant diseases. BC Organic Grower. 10 (2), 8–11.
• 21. Ložek O., Fecenko, J. 1998. Vplyv Vermisolu v kombinácii s dusíkatou výživou na úrodu a kvalitu zrna ozimnej pšenice. Poľnohospodárstvo, 44 (11), 835–846.
• 22. Mehlich, A. 1984. Mehlich 3 soil test extractant: A modification of Mehlich 2 extractant. Communication in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 15, 1409– 1416. doi:10.1080/00103628409367568.
• 23. Pant A.P., Radovich T.J.K., Hue N.V., Talcott S.T., Krenek K.A. 2009. Vermicompost extracts influence growth, mineral nutrients, phytonutrients and antioxidant activity in pak choi (Brassica rapa cv. Bonsai, Chinensis group) grown under vermicompost and chemical fertilizer. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 89 (14), 2383–2392. doi:10.1002/jsfa.3732.
• 24. Pant A.P., Radovich T.J.K., Hue N.V., Paull R.E. 2012. Biochemical properties of compost tea associated with compost quality and effects on pak choi growth. Scientia Horticulturae, 148, 138–146. doi. org/10.1016/j.scienta.2012.09.019.
• 25. Singh R., Sharma R.R., Kumar S., Gupta R. K., PATIL R. T. 2008. Vermicompost substitution influence growth, physiological disorders, yield and quality of strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch.). Bioresour. Technol., 99 (17), 8507–8511. doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2008.03.034.
• 26. Singh R., Gupta R.K., Patil R.T., Sharma R.R., Asrey R., Kumar A., Jangra K.K. 2010. Sequential foliar application of vermicompost leachates improves marketable fruit yield and quality of strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch.). Scientia Horticulturae, 124, 34–39. doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2009.12.002.
• 27. Scheuerell S., Mahaffee W. 2002. Compost tea: Principles and prospects for plant disease control. Compost Science and Utilization, 10 (4), 313–338. doi:10.1080/1065657X.2002.10702095.
• 28. Scheuerell S.J. 2004. Compost tea production practices, microbial properties, and plant disease suppression. I International conference Soil and compost eco-biology, September 15th–17th 2004, León–Spain, 41–51.
• 29. Tejada M., Gonzalez J.L., Hernandez M.T., Gracia C. 2008. Agricultural use of leachates obtained from two different vermicomposting processes. Bioresour. Technol., 99 (14), 6228–6232. doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2007.12.031.
• 30. Tomati U., Grappelli A., Galli E. 1988. The hormone-like effect of earthworm casts on plant growth. Biology and Fertility of Soils. 5 (4), 288– 294. doi:10.1007/BF00262133.
• 31. Tomati U., Galli E. 1995. Earthworms, soil fertility and plant productivity. Acta Zoologica Fennica, 196, 11–14.
• 32. Utkhede R., Koch C. 2004. Biological treatments to control bacterial canker of greenhouse tomatoes. Biocontrol, 49 (3), 305–313. doi:10.1023/ B:BICO.0000025373.69584.08.
• 33. Tiurin I.V. 1966. K metodike analiza deja sravníteľnogo izučenja sostava počvennogo peregnoja ili gumusa. Voprosy genezisa i plodorodija počv. Moskva: Nauka, 1966.
• 34. Weltzien H.C. 1991. Biocontrol of foliar fungal disease with compost extracts. [In:] Microbial Ecology of Leaves, Springer-Verlag, New York, p. 430–450. ISBN 978-1-4612-7822-1. doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-3168-4_22.
• 35. Wickland L., Murray T., Jimerson J. 2001. Brewing up solutions to pest problems. BioCycle, 42, 64–66.
• 36. Zaller J.G. 2006. Foliar spraying of vermicompost. extracts: Effects on fruit quality and indications of late-blight suppression of field-grown tomatoes. Biological agriculture and horticulture. 24 (2), 165–180. doi:10.1080/01448765.2006.9755017.
• 37. Zbíral J., Urbánková E., Čižmárová E., Tieffová P., Rychlý M., Šulová R., Kabátová N., Pospíchalová Markéta; Souček Jaromír, Keilová R., Srnková J. 2005. Analýza rostlinného materiálu. Jednotné pracovní postupy ÚKZÚZ. II. přepracované a rozšířené vydání. Národní referenční laboratoř ÚKZÚZ Brno, pp. 192.
• 38. Zadoks J.C., Chang T.T., Konzak C.F. 1974. A decimal code for the growth stages of cereals. Weed Research, 14 (6): 415–421. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3180.1974.tb01084.x.