Control-oriented analysis of a lean-burn light-duty natural gas research engine with scavenged pre-chamber ignition

• Autorzy: Hänggi Severin , Hilfiker Thomas , Soltic Patric , Hutter Richard , Onder Christopher

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.19206/CE-2019-106

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Natural gas is well-suited as a fuel in the transport sector. Due to its excellent combustion characteristics, engines operating with compressed natural gas (CNG) reach high efficiency, especially if operated at lean conditions. However, CNG engine research mainly focusses on stoichiometric conditions in order to use a three-way catalytic converter for the exhaust gas after treatment system. With the objective to explore the potential of CNG engines operated at lean conditions, a turbo-charged CNG engine with high compression ratio is developed and optimized for lean operation. In order to increase the ignition energy, the CNG engine is equipped with scavenged pre-chambers. A specific control structure is developed, which allows to operate the engine at a pre-defined (lean) air-to-fuel ratio. Further functionalities such as the combustion placement control and algorithms to estimate the conditions inside of the prechamber are implemented. The first part of this paper describes this engine control structure, which is specifically developed for the lean-burn CNG engine. In the second part, the effects of pre-chamber scavenging on engine performance criteria such as the combustion stability, engine efficiency or engine emissions are analyzed. With the objective to use pre-chamber scavenging to improve engine performance, a scavenging feedback control strategy is proposed. In order to control the ignition delay, this strategy adapts the amount of CNG injected into the prechamber with a linear controller or an extremum seeking algorithm depending on the air-to-fuel ratio of the main chamber.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

gas engine control; prechamber ignition; ignition delay control; extremum seeking

PL

sterowanie silnikiem gazowym; zapłon komory wstępnej; kontrola opóźnienia zapłonu; poszukiwanie ekstremum

• Wydawca: Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
• Czasopismo: Combustion Engines
• Rocznik: 2019
• Tom: R. 58, nr 1
• Strony: 42--53
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 13 poz., il., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Hänggi Severin

• Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zürich (Switzerland)

autor

Hilfiker Thomas

• Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland

autor

Soltic Patric

• ETH, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland

autor

Hutter Richard

• ETH, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zürich (Switzerland)

autor

Onder Christopher

• ETH, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zürich, Switzerland

Bibliografia

• [1] ATTARD, W.P., TOULSON, E., HUISJEN, A. et al. Spark ignition and pre-chamber turbulent jet ignition combustion visualization. SAE 2014 World Congress Exhibition, 823-2012.
• [2] BACH, C., LÄMMLE, C., BILL, R. et al. Clean engine vehicle a natural gas driven Euro-4/SULEV with 30% reduced CO2-emissions. SAE Technical Paper 2004-01-0645. 2004. DOI:10.4271/2004-01-0645.
• [3] BERTSEKAS, D.P., P.D. Dynamic programming and optimal control. Athena Scientific, 1995.
• [4] CATON, J.A. A comparison of lean operation and exhaust gas recirculation: thermodynamic reasons for the increases of efficiency. SAE Technical Paper 2013-01-0266. 2013. DOI:10.4271/2013-01-0266.
• [5] ERIKSSON, L., FREI, S., ONDER, C. et al. Control and optimization of turbocharged spark ignited engines. IFAC Proceedings Volumes. 2002, 35. DOI:10.3182/20020721-6-ES-1901.01515.
• [6] GUZZELLA, L., ONDER, C.H. Introduction to modeling and control of internal combustion engine systems. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010.
• [7] KHAN, M.I., YASMIN, T., SHAKOOR, A. Technical overview of compressed natural gas (CNG) as a transportation fuel. Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2015, 51, 785-797. DOI:10.1016/J.RSER.2015.06.053.
• [8] KÜNG, L., BÜTLER, T., GEORGES, G. et al. Decarbonizing passenger cars using different powertrain technologies: Optimal fleet composition under evolving electricity supply. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies. 2018, 95, 785-801. DOI:10.1016/J.TRC.2018.09.003.
• [9] SHAH, A. Improving the efficiency of gas engines using pre-chamber ignition. University of Lund, 2015.
• [10] SOLTIC, P., HILFIKER, T., HUTTER, R., HÄNGGI, S. Experimental comparison of efficiency and emission levels of four-cylinder lean-burn passenger car-sized CNG engines with different ignition concepts. Combustion Engines. 2018, 176(1), 29-37. DOI: 10.19206/CE-2019-104.
• [11] TAN, Y., MOASE, W.H., MANZIE, C. et al. Extremum seeking from 1922 to 2010. Control Conf (CCC), 2010, 29th Chinese 2010, 14-26.
• [12] ZURBRIGGEN, F., HUTTER, R., ONDER, C. Diesel minimal combustion control of a natural gas-diesel engine. Energies. 2016, 9, 58. DOI:10.3390/en9010058.
• [13] ZURBRIGGEN, F.J. Combustion control of a natural gas diesel engine – feedback control and adaptation. ETH Dissertation 2016.

Uwagi

Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa Nr 461252 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2020).