Functioning of business incubators and technology parks in Poland in the context of Industry 4.0

• Autorzy: Czaplińska Aleksandra , Romanowski Robert

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.29119/1641-3466.2024.192.8

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Purpose: The aim of this article is to identify and evaluate the research infrastructure and the scope of services offered by business incubators and technology parks in Poland. This evaluation specifically focuses on the development of technology start-ups operating in Industry 4.0. Design/methodology/approach: This study employed a netnographic survey method, encompassing the entire population of incubators and technology parks in Poland, including the start-ups operating within them. The analysis addressed three questions: Do parks and incubators specialize in supporting high-tech industries? How many companies are associated with a given park? Do the parks have facilities for conducting R&D services? The netnographic study reviewed the current state of services and laboratories, drawing on publicly accessible data from the websites of Polish technology parks and business incubators. Additionally, the article illustrates the importance of support from incubators and technology parks by presenting the development trajectories of the top startups in Poland in 2023, as recognized in the CEE Startup Challenge competition. Findings: Business incubators and technology parks are fundamental to the innovation ecosystem, contributing to technology transfer, creating innovative solutions, and supporting new enterprises. This article highlights the role of 73 technology parks and business incubators as foundational for the operation of startups, with particular emphasis on the space industry. It presents the number of laboratories dedicated to high-tech industries, categorized by voivodeships, and includes a brief discussion on the details of the technologies used. The industry specialization of technology parks and incubators, particularly in high-tech and space industries, is also explored. The analysis of the development trajectories of the best startups in Poland revealed that three out of six winning startups used the services of technology parks, two received support from the National Center for Research and Development, and one did not use any public support. Research limitations/implications: This article assesses technology parks and business incubators in the context of Industry 4.0 and examines how they support the entrepreneurship of technology startups. Future research should investigate startups in terms of diagnosing needs and assessing support received from these entities. It should also propose improvements in the operations of parks and incubators, with particular focus on the space industry. Suggestions for enterprises on adapting to Industry 4.0 requirements would be beneficial. Additionally, the potential influence of park and incubator analyses on investments in modern technologies in Poland, and whether these institutions contribute to economic growth by supporting innovative ventures, is worth exploring. Practical and Social implications: Knowledge about the role of technology parks and business incubators in Industry 4.0 can change societal attitudes towards entrepreneurship, innovation, and technology, fostering a positive approach to digital transformation. The research findings can inform public policy by highlighting the effectiveness of enterprise support in the Industry 4.0 era, potentially leading to more tailored government programs. The business and technology sector might adapt its standards and practices in light of these findings, thereby offering more effective support to start-ups and technology companies. The article is intended for scientists and researchers, business practitioners, entrepreneurs, and managers, providing valuable information, practical conclusions, and improvement tips in the context of Industry 4.0. It is also significant for policymakers responsible for shaping regulations and support programs for entrepreneurship. Originality/value: The article conducts a literature review to define the boundaries of hightech industries fundamental to Industry 4.0. The analysis of services and laboratories offered in parks and incubators in this context provides insight into how these institutions adapt to the evolving business environment. This comprehensive study of parks and incubators is the first of its kind in Poland.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

business incubator; technology park; start-up; seed capital; venture capital

PL

inkubator przedsiębiorczości; park technologiczny; uruchomienie; fundusz zalążkowy; kapitał wysokiego ryzyka

• Wydawca: Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
• Czasopismo: Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska
• Rocznik: 2024
• Tom: z. 192
• Strony: 125--146
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 35 poz.

Twórcy

autor

Czaplińska Aleksandra

• Poznań University of Economics and Business, Institute of Marketing Department of Commerce and Marketing, Marketing Student Society (SKN Marketing)

• https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2149-8821

autor

Romanowski Robert

• Poznań University of Economics and Business, Institute of Marketing Department of Commerce and Marketing

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8585-6806

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