Assessment of physicochemical and bacteriological groundwater quality in irrigated Triffa Plain, North-East of Morocco

• Autorzy: Kadaoui Mohammed , Bouali Abderrahime , Arabi Mourad

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.2478/jwld-2019-0050

Warianty tytułu

PL

Fizyczna, chemiczna i bakteriologiczna ocena jakości wody gruntowej na nawadnianej Równinie Triffa w północnowschodnim Maroku

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The physicochemical and bacteriological quality of groundwater was assessed to show the impact of the agriculture and human activities in the Triffa Plain located in North-East of Morocco. The current levels of contamination of the groundwater were estimated by analysing electrical conductivity, nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, orthophosphate, and indicators of faecal pollution content. Water samples from 55 locations were collected during two period of time, the wet and the dry season of the year 2016. Result obtained indicated that most samples are highly contaminated. The electrical conductivity varied from 800 to 9 100 μS∙cm^–1. Nitrate levels ranged from 25 to 216 mg∙dm^–3, with 78% of samples exceeding the critical level value set at 50 mg∙dm^–3. Nitrate concentrations are slightly higher during the wet period in 73% of studied cases. Nitrite rarely exceeded the normal rate fixed by World Health Organization and reached 0.90 mg∙dm^–3. Ammonia and orthophosphate contents do not exceed these norms. The study revealed a wide contamination of groundwater by microbial agents such as, total coliforms, faecal coliforms and faecal streptococci, with content ranged from 0 to 14 000, 0 to 5 000 and 0 to 5 000 CFU∙(100 cm³)^–1 respectively, confirming the impact of septic tanks, wastewater discharge into rivers without treatment, and the use of animal waste on the ground water vulnerability. Samplings and measurements were carried out according to the international standard ISO 13395, ISO 11732 and ISO 15681-2 for chemical compounds and ISO 9308-1 and ISO 7899-2 for microbiological numerations.

PL

Przeprowadzono fizyczną, chemiczną i bakteriologiczną ocenę jakości wód gruntowych, aby wykazać wpływ rolnictwa i innych form działalności człowieka na Równinie Triffa w północnowschodnim Maroku. Poziom zanieczyszczeń oceniono przez analizę przewodnictwa elektrolitycznego, stężeń azotanów i azotynów, jonów amonowych, ortofosforanów oraz wskaźników zanieczyszczeń pochodzenia kałowego. Próbki wody pobrano z 55 stanowisk dwukrotnie – w czasie pory suchej i deszczowej w 2016 r. Wyniki analiz wskazują, że większość próbek wody była silnie zanieczyszczona. Przewodność elektrolityczna właściwa zmieniała się od 800 do 9 100 μS∙cm^–1. Stężenie azotanów (V) wynosiło od 25 do 216 mg∙dm^–3, a w 78% próbek stwierdzono stężenie większe niż wartość krytyczna równa 50 mg∙dm^–3. Stężenie azotanów (III) były nieco większe w porze deszczowej w 73% badanych przypadków. Stężenie azotanów (III) rzadko przekraczało normy ustalone przez WHO, osiągając maksymalnie 0,90 mg∙dm^–3. Stężenie jonów amonowych i ortofosforanów nie przekraczało wartości normatywnych. Badania wykazały silne skażenie wód podziemnych mikroorganizmami, co przejawiało się dużym zagęszczeniem całkowitym bakterii coli (0–14 000 jtk∙(100 cm³)^–1), bakterii coli pochodzenia kałowego (0–5 000 jtk∙(100 cm³)^–1) i kałowych streptokoków (0–5 000 jtk∙(100 cm³)^–1). Wyniki te potwierdzają wpływ osadników gnilnych, dopływu nieoczyszczonych ścieków i stosowania nawozów naturalnych na jakość wód gruntowych.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

agriculture; bacteriological quality; groundwater; physicochemical quality; Triffa Plain; wastewater

PL

czynniki bakteriologiczne; czynniki chemiczne; czynniki fizyczne; jakość wody; Równina Triffa; ścieki; woda gruntowa

• Wydawca: Wydawnictwo ITP
• Czasopismo: Journal of Water and Land Development
• Rocznik: 2019
• Tom: no. 42
• Strony: 100--109
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 43 poz., rys.

Twórcy

autor

Kadaoui Mohammed

• University Mohammed Premier, Faculty of Sciences, Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnologies, BV Mohammed VI B.P. 524, Oujda 60000, Morocco

autor

Bouali Abderrahime

• University Mohammed Premier, Faculty of Sciences, Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnologies, BV Mohammed VI B.P. 524, Oujda 60000, Morocco

autor

Arabi Mourad

• University Mohammed Premier, Faculty of Sciences, Laboratory of Water Sciences, Ecology, and Sustainable Development, Oujda, Morocco

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Uwagi

Opracowanie rekordu w ramach umowy 509/P-DUN/2018 ze środków MNiSW przeznaczonych na działalność upowszechniającą naukę (2019).