Fertiliser properties of wastewater sludge and sludge ash - a case study from the Finnish forest industry

• Autorzy: Oksanen Juha , Pöykiö Risto , Dahl Olli

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.2478/eces-2023-0004

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

In this case study we compared the fertiliser properties of an industrial wastewater treatment sludge and a sludge ash to the requirements of the Finnish Fertiliser Product Decree. The sludge was obtained from the activated sludge wastewater treatment plant of a Finnish non-integrated pulp mill. The sludge was furthermore incinerated at a laboratory in a muffle furnace (850 °C) to obtain sludge ash. The total Cd (4.9 mg/kg d.m.) concentration in the pulp sludge exceeded the Finnish limit value (1.5 mg/kg d.m.) for fertiliser products used in agriculture. In the sludge ash, the total concentration of Cd (39 mg/kg; d.m.) exceeded the Finnish limit value (25 mg/kg d.m.) for ash fertilisers used in forestry. These results restrict the potential reuse options of these residues. However, from the utilisation point of view, the enrichment of essential plant macro-nutrients was most notable, resulting to the following total concentrations of these elements in the sludge ash: P (26,000 mg/kg d.m.), S (40,000 mg/kg d.m.), K (11,000 mg/kg d.m.), Ca (83,000 mg/kg d.m.) and Mg (10,000 mg/kg d.m.). Therefore, we conclude that, the converting of sludge into ash may promote the reuse of this wastewater treatment residue to a more value-adding fertiliser by-product to be used as a soil improver and growing medium in landscaping or landfills sites or other closed industrial areas, where heavy metal limit values for fertilisers are not applied in Finland.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

ash; circular economy; extraction; fertiliser; pulp mill; sludge; waste; wastewater treatment

PL

popiół; gospodarka o obiegu zamkniętym; ekstrakcja; nawóz; celulozownia; muł; odpady; oczyszczanie ścieków

• Wydawca: Towarzystwo Chemii i Inżynierii Ekologicznej
• Czasopismo: Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. S
• Rocznik: 2023
• Tom: Vol. 30, nr 1
• Strony: 63--78
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 57 poz., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Oksanen Juha

• Stora Enso International Oy, Imatra Research Centre, Tornansaarenraitti 48, FI-55800 Imatra, Finland, phone [phone]

• https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1679-6069

autor

Pöykiö Risto

• Department of Environmental Protection, City of Kemi, Valtakatu 26, FI-94100 Kemi, Finland

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0830-1380

autor

Dahl Olli

• Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Technology, Aalto University, PO Box 16300, FI-00075 Aalto, Finland

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7339-0025

Bibliografia

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Uwagi

Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MEiN, umowa nr SONP/SP/546092/2022 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2022-2023).