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Ranking of Sudden Ionospheric Disturbances by Means of the Duration of Vlf Perturbed Signal in Agreement with Satellite X-Ray Flux Classification

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Wybrane pełne teksty z tego czasopisma
Identyfikatory
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
Ionosphere undergoes permanently solar flares that quickly change its properties inducing sometime unwanted effects. These changes, or events, are known as Sudden Ionospheric Disturbances (SIDs) and the knowledge of their magnitude may be of great interest to anticipate probable damages. Currently, there does not exist any classification of these ionospheric changes based on their amplitude due to the wide variability of its responses. The only way to surmise their importance is to study them indirectly, throughout the classification of the X-ray flux intensity recorded by satellites. An attempt of classification based on their duration was proposed by the American Association of Variable Star Observers (AAVSO) but it is not very accurate because SID’s duration is measured directly from the raw signal of the Very Low Frequency (VLF) signal and/or the Low Frequency (LF) signal. The aim of this work is to investigate, through a set of simple mathematical techniques applied to VLF/LF signals recorded by ground based receivers, the best method to estimate SIDs durations and then propose a new classification based on these durations.
Słowa kluczowe
EN
classification   SID   ACP   EMD   VLF/LF  
PL
klasyfikacja   SID   ACP   EMD   VLF/LF  
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Strony
2794--2809
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 16 poz.
Twórcy
autor
  • Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Atomique, Moléculaire et Applications (LSAMA), Faculty of Science, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
autor
  • Laboratoire de Spectroscopie Atomique, Moléculaire et Applications (LSAMA), Faculty of Science, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
Bibliografia
  • AAVSO (2015), Reducing data gathered by VLF monitoring systems, American Association of Variable Star Observers, Cambridge, MA, USA, available from: https://www.aavso.org/sid-reducing-data (accessed: 11 June 2015).
  • Brereton, R.G. (ed.) (1992), Multivariate Pattern Recognition in Chemometrics: Illustrated by Case Studies, Elsevier, Amsterdam.
  • Correia, E., P. Kaufmann, J.-P. Raulin, F. Bertoni, and H.R. Gavilán (2011), Analysis of daytime ionosphere behavior between 2004 and 2008 in Antarctica, J. Atmos. Sol.-Terr. Phys. 73, 16, 2272-2278, DOI: 10.1016/j.jastp.2011.06. 008.
  • Dahlgren, H., T. Sundberg, A.B. Collier, E. Koen, and S. Meyer (2011), Solar flares detected by the new narrowband VLF receiver at SANAE IV, S. Afr. J. Sci. 107, 9/10, 40-47, DOI: 10.4102/sajs.v107i9/10.491.
  • Dellinger, J.H. (1937), Sudden disturbances of the ionosphere, Proc. Inst. Radio Eng. 25, 10, 1253-1290, DOI: 10.1109/JRPROC.1937.228657.
  • Gibbons, J.D., and S. Chakraborti (2011), Nonparametric Statistical Inference, Springer, Berlin Heidelberg, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-04898-2_420.
  • Grubor, D.P., D.M. Šulić, and V. Žigman (2008), Classification of X-ray solar flares regarding their effects on the lower ionosphere electron density profile, Ann. Geophys. 26, 7, 1731-1740, DOI: 10.5194/angeo-26-1731-2008.
  • Huang, N.E., Z. Shen, S.R. Long, M.C. Wu, H.H. Shih, Q. Zheng, N.C. Yen, C.C. Tung, and H.H. Liu (1998), The empirical mode decomposition and the Hilbert spectrum for nonlinear and non-stationary time series analysis, Proc. Roy. Soc. A 454, 1971, 903-995, DOI: 10.1098/rspa.1998.0193
  • Loudet, L. (2009), Application of Empirical Mode Decomposition to the detection of Sudden Ionospheric Disturbances by monitoring the signal of a distant Very Low Frequency transmitter, available from: http://sidstation.loudet. org/emd-en.xhtml (accessed: 11 June 2015).
  • Mitra, A.P. (1975), D-region in disturbed conditions, including flares and energetic particles, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys. 37, 6, 895-913, DOI: 10.1016/0021- 9169(75)90005-7.
  • Nina, A., V. Čadež, V. Srećković, and D. Šulić (2012), Altitude distribution of electron concentration in ionospheric D-region in presence of time-varying solar radiation flux, Nucl. Instrum. Meth. Phys. Res. B 279, 110-113, DOI: 10.1016/j.nimb.2011.10.019.
  • Rosen, R.D., and D.L. Johnson (2004), Service assessment. Intense space weather storms October 19 – November 07, 2003, U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Weather Service, Silver Spring, MD, USA, available from: http://www.nws.noaa.gov/ os/assessments/pdfs/SWstorms_assessment.pdf (accessed: 30 September 2015).
  • Scherrer, D., M. Cohen, T. Hoeksema, U. Inan, R. Mitchell and P. Scherrer (2008), Distributing space weather monitoring instruments and educational materials worldwide for IHY 2007: The AWESOME and SID project, Adv. Space Res. 42, 11, 1777-1785, DOI: 10.1016/j.asr.2007.12.013.
  • SWPC/NOAA (2015), GOES X-ray Flux, Space Weather Prediction Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, USA, available from: http://www.swpc.noaa.gov/products/goes-x-ray-flux (accessed: 11 June 2015).
  • Thomson, N.R., and M.A. Clilverd (2001), Solar flare induced ionospheric D-region enhancements from VLF amplitude observations, J. Atmos. Sol.-Terr. Phys. 63, 16, 1729-1737, DOI: 10.1016/S1364-6826(01)00048-7.
  • Thomson, N.R., C.J. Rodger, and M.A. Clilverd (2005), Large solar flares and their ionospheric D region enhancements, J. Geophys. Res. 110, A6, DOI: 10.1029/2005JA011008.
Uwagi
Opracowanie ze środków MNiSW w ramach umowy 812/P-DUN/2016 na działalność upowszechniającą naukę (zadania 2017)
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-888e17bd-68b3-4863-850c-84319137bf1e
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