Example building damage caused by mining exploitation in disturbed rock mass

• Autorzy: Florkowska L.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.2478/sgem-2013-0021

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

EN

Issues concerning protection of buildings against the impact of underground coal mining pose significant scientific and engineering challenges. In Poland, where mining is a potent and prominent industry assuring domestic energy security, regions within reach of mining influences are plenty. Moreover, due to their industrial character they are also densely built-up areas. Because minerals have been extracted on an industrial scale in majority of those areas for many years, the rock mass structure has been significantly disturbed. Hence, exploitation of successive layers of multi-seam deposits might cause considerable damage – both in terms of surface and existing infrastructure networks. In the light of those facts, the means of mining and building prevention have to be improved on a regular basis. Moreover, they have to be underpinned by reliable analyses holistically capturing the comprehensive picture of the mining, geotechnical and constructional situation of structures. Scientific research conducted based on observations and measurements of mining-induced strain in buildings is deployed to do just that. Presented in this paper examples of damage sustained by buildings armed with protection against mining influences give an account of impact the mining exploitation in disturbed rock mass can have. This paper is based on analyses of mining damage to church and Nursing Home owned by Evangelical Augsburg Parish in Bytom–Miechowice. Neighbouring buildings differ in the date they were built, construction, building technology, geometry of the building body and fitted protection against mining damage. Both the buildings, however, have sustained lately significant deformation and damage caused by repeated mining exploitation. Selected damage has been discussed hereunder. The structures have been characterised, their current situation and mining history have been outlined, which have taken their toll on character and magnitude of damage. Description has been supplemented with photographic documentation.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

szkody górnicze; uszkodzenia budowli; eksploatacja górnicza; górnictwo; szkody górnicze w budynkach

EN

mining damage; building damages; mining exploitation; mining; mining damages in buildings

• Wydawca: De Gruyter
• Czasopismo: Studia Geotechnica et Mechanica
• Rocznik: 2013
• Tom: Vol. 35, nr 2
• Strony: 19--38
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 17 poz., rys., fot.

Twórcy

autor

Florkowska L.

• The Strata Mechanics Research Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. W. Reymonta 27, 30-059 Kraków

Bibliografia

• [1] ADAMEK V., JERAN P.W., Evaluation of existing predictive methods for mine subsidence in the U.S. Proceedings of Workshop On Surface Subsidence Due To Underground Mining. Nov. 30–Dec. 2, 1981, Dept. of Mining Engineering College of Mineral and Energy Resources West Virginia University, Morgantown, March 1982, 88–98.
• [2] BRYT-NITARSKA I., Factors influencing technical conditions surveying part of research into impact of mining exploitation on building structure, Papers of the Building Research Institute, Year 35, No. 4, 2006, (in Polish).
• [3] FLORKOWSKA L., Land subsidence due to Mining Operations in Disturbed Rock Mass, on the Example of Ruda Śląska (Poland), Archives of Mining Sciences, 2010, Vol. 55, 691–701.
• [4] FLORKOWSKA L., Non-linear numerical mechanics in issues of protecting building located in mining areas, Archives of Mining Sciences, Monograph, No. 11, Cracow 2010, (in Polish).
• [5] FLORKOWSKA L., KANCIRUK A., The remote building deformation monitoring system, [in:] A. Kowalski (ed.), Safety and protection of buildings in mining areas, GIG, Katowice, 2012, 53–61, (in Polish).
• [6] HOŁA J., SCHABOWICZ K., State-of-the-art non-destructive methods for diagnostic testing of building structures – anticipated development trends, Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, 2010, Vol. X, No. 3, 5–18.
• [7] KARMIS K. et al., The potential of the zone area method for mining subsidence prediction in the Appalachian Coalfield, Proceedings of Workshop On Surface Subsidence Due To Underground Mining, Nov. 30–Dec. 2. 1981, Dept. of Mining Engineering College of Mineral and Energy Resources West Virginia University, Morgantown, March 1982, 48–58.
• [8] KAWULOK M., Strengthening of traditional church buildings subjected to mining influences, Technical Transactions, Cracow University of Technology, Issue 9, Year 106, 2009, 191–198 (in Polish).
• [9] KNOTHE S., Observations of surface movements under influence of mining and their theoretical interpretation, Proceedings of the European Congress on Ground Movement, The University of Leeds, April 9–12th 1957, 210–213.
• [10] KNOTHE S., Prediction of mining exploitation influences, Pub. “Śląsk” 1984, p. 12 and p. 122), (in Polish).
• [11] KNOTHE S., Equation of subsiding trough’s curvature, Archives of Mining and Metallurgy, 1953a, Vol. 1, Issue 1, 22–38, (in Polish).
• [12] KNOTHE S.B., Time influence on formation of a subsidence through, Mining and Metallurgy Archives, 1953b, Vol. 1, Issue 1, 128–139 (in Polish).
• [13] KOSZELA J., KOSZELA-MAREK E., Engineering geology and geotechnics in civil engineering, Studia Geotechnica et Mechanica, 2009, Vol. 31, No. 3, 17–23.
• [14] KWIATEK J. (ed.), Protection of buildings in mining areas, GIG Publishing House, Katowice, 1997, (in Polish).
• [15] LEDWOŃ J.A., Buldings in mining areas, Arkady, Warszawa 1983, (in Polish).
• [16] Ecophysiographic documentation for Land Use Planning of the Silesian Voivodeship. Chapter III. Diagnosis of natural environment’s state and functioning with preliminary forecast of changes, Katowice 2004, (in Polish).
• [17] STILGER-SZYDŁO E., TUTAJ W., The effect of subterranean exploitation of mines on the state of stress and displacements of transport embankments, Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, 2005, Vol. V, No. 1, 65–90.