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Analysis of the influence of the car impact velocity on the loads of the dummies in the front and rear seats

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Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
PL
It was considered an influence of the velocity, at which the passenger car hits into the obstacle on the dynamic loads of the dummies in the front and back seats. For this purpose, the results of 28 crash tests published on the Internet by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (U.S.A.) were used. The crash tests of 14 models of the cars were conducted at two values of the impact velocity, at which the cars hits into a barrier (40 and 56 km/h, as well as 48 and 56 km/h). It was shown an influence of the impact velocity on the car deceleration and their deformation specification. It was paid attention to the loads of a driver and a passenger in the front seats (dummies representing a 5-centile men and 5-centile woman) and the passengers in the back seats (dummies representing a 5-centile woman and a 6-year-old child). During an evaluation of the dummy loads were employed the indicators of biomechanical impedance of the human body in respect of the effects of the impact loads related to the head, neck and chest. It was determined that an increase of the velocity at the moment of hitting into an obstacle from 40 km/h up to 56 km/h results in the increase in the risk of serious injury (AIS3+) of the 5-centile woman from 30÷60% to 35÷90%. Increasing the velocity at which a car hits an obstacle from 48 km/h up to 56 km/h results in the increase in the risk of severe injury of the 50-centile woman from 25÷40% to 30÷55%. It was emphasised that the effectiveness of the airbag may depend on the impact velocity, at which car hits the obstacle.
Rocznik
Strony
141--158
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 24 poz., rys.
Twórcy
  • Military University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, ul. Gen. Witolda Urbanowicza 2, 00 908 Warszawa, Poland
Bibliografia
  • [1] Anderson R, Doecke S, Mackenzie J, Ponte G. Potential Benefits of Autonomous Emergency Braking Based on In-Depth Crash Reconstruction and Simulation. The 23th International Technical Conference on the Enhanced Safety of Vehicles (ESV). Paper Number 13-0152. Seoul 2013.
  • [2] Augenstein J, Perdeck E, Stratton J, Lehman W, Digges K, Bahouth G. Characteristics of Crashes that Increase the Risk of Serious Injuries. 47th Annual Proceedings Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicinel. Lisbon, 2003: pp. 561-576.
  • [3] Blincoe L, J. The economic cost of motor vehicle crashes 1994. NHTSA Technical Report DOT HS 808 425, USA 1996.
  • [4] Blincoe L, Seay A, Zaloshnja E, Miller T R, Romano E, Luchter S, Spicer R. The Economic Impact of Motor Vehicle Crashes 2000, NHTSA Technical Report DOT HS 809 446. Washington 2002.
  • [5] Cichos D, Otto M, Zölsch S, Clausnitzer S, Vetter D, Pfeiffer G, de Vogel D, Schaar O. Crash analysis criteria description. Arbeitskreis Messdatenverarbeitung Fahrzeugsicherheit. Germany 2011.
  • [6] Jaździk-Osmólska A et al. Metodologia i wycena kosztów wypadków drogowych na sieci dróg w Polsce na koniec roku 2011. Instytut Badawczy Dróg i Mostów. Warszawa 2012.
  • [7] New Car Assessment Program. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), Federal Register Vol. 73, No. 134. USA 2008.
  • [8] Nusholtz G, Xu L, Berliner J. Evaluation of the Hybrid III 10-year-old Dummy Chest Response in the Sled Test Environment. SAE 2010-01-0137, 2010.
  • [9] Prochowski L, Żuchowski A. Analysis of the influence of passenger position in a car on a risk of injuries during a car accident. Eksploatacja i Niezawodnosc-Maintenance and Reliability 2014; 16(3): 360-366.
  • [10] Proposed Amendment to FMVSS No 213 Frontal Test Procedure, NHTSA, USA, 2002.
  • [11] SAE J1727, Calculation Guidelines for Impact Testing, 2010.
  • [12] Schmitt K U, Niederer P F, Muser M H, Walz F. Trauma biomechanics. Accidental injury in traffic and sports. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2010.
  • [13] Spicer R S, Miller T R. Uncertainty Analysis of Quality Adjusted Life Years Lost. Final Report to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, 2010.
  • [14] Stitzel J D, Kilgo P, Schmotzer B, Gabler H C, Meredith J W, A Population-Based Comparison of Ciren and NASS Cases Using Similarity Scoring. 51st Annual Proceedings Association for the Advancement of Automotive Medicine. Melbourne, 2007.
  • [15] Symon E. Wypadki drogowe w Polsce (2001-2017); (http://statystyka.policja.pl).
  • [16] Tire Pressure Monitoring System FMVSS No. 138 – Final Regulatory Impact Analysis, U.S Department of Transportation. Washington, 2005.
  • [17] U.S. Department of Transportation NHTSA, Laboratory Test Procedure, TP208-14, 2008.
  • [18] Wicher J. Is it worth limiting the travel speed? The Archives of Automotive Engineering 2015; 69(4): 105-114.
  • [19] Żuchowski A. Analysis of the influence of the impact speed on the risk of injury of the driver and front passenger of a passenger car. Eksploatacja i Niezawodnosc – Maintenance and Reliability 2016; 18 (3): 436–444, http://dx.doi.org/10.17531/ein.2016.3.16.
  • [20] Żuchowski A. Influence of the type of a child restraint system used on the kinematics and loads of a child in a motorcar during a frontal impact. The Archives of Automotive Engineering – Archiwum Motoryzacji. 2013; 61(3): 65-79.
  • [21] Żuchowski A. Risk of injury for the front and rear seat passengers of the passenger cars in frontal impact. Journal of KONES Powertrain and Transport 2012; 19(3): 507-518.
  • [22] Żuchowski A. The use of energy methods at the calculation of vehicle impact velocity. The Archives of Automotive Engineering 2015; 68(2): 85-111.
  • [23] Żukowska J, Piskorz K, Radzikowski T. Stan bezpieczeństwa ruchu drogowego oraz działania realizowane w tym zakresie w 2014 r. Krajowa Rada BRD, Warszawa 2015.
  • [24] National Highway Traffic Safety Administration [cited 01 Mar 2018]. Available from www.nhtsa.gov.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-86325a41-5691-4b15-8bc2-0a900d5ab1a5
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