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There are significant municipal concerns relating to the use of surfactants and enzymes in the process of wastewater treatment. Treatment plants use different techniques to remove impurities from water. As wastewater treatment plants use the latest technology to remove contaminants from water, there are high costs, and sometimes an enforcement of regulations is lax. Still, many municipalities across the country prohibit the use of surfactants and enzymes entering wastewater treatment because of the harmful effects of these products on the sewer lines and high damage costs. Surfactant compounds are organic. Their molecules include water-soluble and oil or an insoluble component. These molecular compounds seek the water surface and chemically reduce the boundaries between oil and water. When surfactants are in the water, they absorb into the soil and can cause injury to plants and organic organisms, but people find surfactants and enzymes useful in cleaning agents for emulsifying and dispersing oil and grease. Scientists have found that at least some surfactants are toxic to ecosystems, people and animals, but they have not been able predict far-reaching consequences. And now the most important question is how to solve this problem or how to reduce these negative effects. In this paper we tried to remove surfactants from waste water with an activated sludge system.
Słowa kluczowe
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
68--73
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 19 poz., rys., tab.
Twórcy
autor
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
autor
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
autor
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Valiasr Technical College, Tehran, Iran
autor
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
autor
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
Bibliografia
- 1. Chen, Chun Yun, and Yuan Yi Zhuang. 2009. Adsorbent derived from sewage sludge and its application in dye wastewater treatment. 3rd International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering. IEEE, 2009.
- 2. Chen, Yinguang, A.A. Randall, and T. McCue. 2004. The efficiency of enhanced biological phosphorus removal from real wastewater affected by different ratios of acetic to propionic acid. Water Research 38(1), 27-36.
- 3. Chen, Yinguang, Haizhen Yang, and Guowei Gu. 2001. Effect of acid and surfactant treatment on activated sludge dewatering and settling. Water Research 35(11), 2615-2620.
- 4. Eichhorn, P. et al. 2000. Fate of surfactants and their metabolites in waste water treatment plants. Vom Wasser 95, 245-268.
- 5. Feijtel, T.C.J., et al. 1995. AIS/CESIO environmental surfactant monitoring programme. Part 1: LAS monitoring study in “de Meern” sewage treatment plant and receiving river Leidsche Rijn. Chemosphere 30(6), 1053-1066.
- 6. Forster, C.F. 1971. Activated sludge surfaces in relations to the sludge volume index. Water Research 5(10), 861-870.
- 7. Johnson, A.C., and J.P. Sumpter. 2001. Removal of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in activated sludge treatment works. Environmental Science & Technology 35(24), 4697-4703.
- 8. Jiang, Su, et al. 2007. Biological short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production from waste-activated sludge affected by surfactant. Water Research 41(14), 3112-3120.
- 9. González S., M. Petrovic, and D. Barceló. 2004. Simultaneous extraction and fate of linear alkylbenzene sulfonates, coconut diethanol amides, nonylphenol ethoxylates and their degradation products in wastewater treatment plants, receiving coastal waters and sediments in the Catalonian area (NE Spain). Journal of Chromatography A 1052(1), 111-120.
- 10. Moghe, Pramod Prabhakar, et al. Process for treatment of mixture of spent wash from distillery and black liquor from pulp and paper industry. U.S. Patent No. 6,589,427. 8 Jul. 2003.
- 11. Nakada, Norihide, et al. 2006. Pharmaceutical chemicals and endocrine disrupters in municipal wastewater in Tokyo and their removal during activated sludge treatment. Water Research 40(17), 3297-3303.
- 12. Pandit, P., and S. Basu. 2004. Removal of ionic dyes from water by solvent extraction using reverse micelles. Environmental Science & Technology 38(8), 2435-2442.
- 13. Rosen, M.J., and J.T. Kunjappu. 2012. Surfactants and interfacial phenomena. John Wiley & Sons.
- 14. Seviour, R.J., Takashi Mino, and Motoharu Onuki. 2003. The microbiology of biological phosphorus removal in activated sludge systems. FEMS Microbiology Reviews 27(1), 99-127.
- 15. Scott, M.J., and M.N. Jones. 2000. The biodegradation of surfactants in the environment. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Biomembranes 1508(1), 235-251.
- 16. Shaffer, K.K., et al. 2006. Allergenicity and Cross‐Reactivity of Coconut Oil Derivatives: A Double‐Blind Randomized Controlled Pilot Study. Dermatitis 17(2), 71-76.
- 17. Tong, Juan, and Yinguang Chen. 2007. Enhanced biological phosphorus removal driven by shortchain fatty acids produced from waste activated sludge alkaline fermentation. Environmental Science & Technology 41(20), 7126-7130.
- 18. Wei, Yuansong, et al. 2003. Minimization of excess sludge production for biological wastewater treatment.” Water Research 37(18), 4453-4467.
- 19. Yuan, Hongying, et al. 2006. Improved bio production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) from excess sludge under alkaline conditions. Environmental Science & Technology 40(6), 2025-2029.
Uwagi
Opracowanie ze środków MNiSW w ramach umowy 812/P-DUN/2016 na działalność upowszechniającą naukę (zadania 2017).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-834ebe7b-41fa-4309-90b0-f37cd06b1dce