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Methods of Estimating the Effect of Integral Motorcycle Helmets on Physiological and Psychological Performance

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Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
This article proposes a method for a comprehensive assessment of the effect of integral motorcycle helmets on physiological and cognitive responses of motorcyclists. To verify the reliability of commonly used tests, we conducted experiments with 5 motorcyclists. We recorded changes in physiological parameters (heart rate, local skin temperature, core temperature, air temperature, relative humidity in the space between the helmet and the surface of the head, and the concentration of O2 and CO2 under the helmet) and in psychological parameters (motorcyclists’ reflexes, fatigue, perceptiveness and mood). We also studied changes in the motorcyclists' subjective sensation of thermal comfort. The results made it possible to identify reliable parameters for assessing the effect of integral helmets on performance, i.e., physiological factors (head skin temperature, internal temperature and concentration of O2 and CO2 under the helmet) and on psychomotor factors (reaction time, attention and vigilance, work performance, concentration and a subjective feeling of mood and fatigue).
Rocznik
Strony
329--342
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 28 poz., rys., tab., wykr.
Twórcy
autor
  • Central Institute for Labour Protection – National Research Institute (CIOP-PIB), Poland
  • Central Institute for Labour Protection – National Research Institute (CIOP-PIB), Poland
autor
  • Central Institute for Labour Protection – National Research Institute (CIOP-PIB), Poland
autor
  • Central Institute for Labour Protection – National Research Institute (CIOP-PIB), Poland
  • Central Institute for Labour Protection – National Research Institute (CIOP-PIB), Poland
Bibliografia
  • 1.Liu BC, Ivers R, Norton R, Boufous S, Blows S, Lo SK. Helmets for preventing injury in motorcycle riders. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008;(1):CD004333.
  • 2.Association of European Motorcycle Manufacturers (ACEM). In-depth investigations of accidents involving powered two wheelers. Final report 1.2. Brussels, Belgium: ACEM; 2004. Retrieved May 14, 2012, from: http://ec.europa.eu/transport/roadsafety_library/publications/maids_report_1_2_september_2004.pdf.
  • 3.United Nations. Agreement concerning the adoption of uniform technical prescriptions for wheeled vehicles, equipment and parts which can be fitted and/or be used on wheeled vehicles and the conditions for reciprocal recognition of approvals granted on the basis of these prescriptions. Addendum 21: regulation No. 22, revision. Uniform provisions concerning the approval of protective helmets and of their visors for drivers and passengers of motorcycles and mopeds. United Nations. 2002. Retrieved May 14, 2012, from: http://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/trans/main/wp29/wp29regs/r022r4e.pdf.
  • 4.Bogerd CP, Bruhwiler PA. Heat loss variations of full-face motorcycle helmets. Appl Ergon. 2009;40(2):161–4.
  • 5.Bogerd CP, Bruhwiler PA. The role of head tilt, hair and wind speed on forced convective heat loss through full-face motorcycle helmets: a thermal manikin study. Int J Ind Ergon. 2008;38(3–4):346–53.
  • 6.Greenbaum R, Malins AF, Davies R, Baskett PJ. Rebreathing in a subject wearing an integral crash helmet. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1982;284(6318):774–5. Retrieved May 14, 2012, from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1496391/?tool=pubmed.
  • 7.Bruhwiler PA, Stampfli R, Huber R, Camenzind M. CO2 and O2 concentrations in integral motorcycle helmets. Appl Ergon. 2005;36(5):625–33.
  • 8.Lower MC, Hurst DW, Claughton AR, Thomas A. Sources and levels of noise under motorcyclists’ helmets. Proceedings of the Institute of Acoustics. 1994;16(Pt 2):319–25. Retrieved May 14, 2012, from: http://www.isvr.co.uk/reprints/mcyclesioa.pdf.
  • 9.McKnight JA, McKnight SA. The effects of motorcycle helmets upon seeing and hearing. Accid Anal Prev. 1995;27(4):493–501.
  • 10.Horswill MS, Helman S. A behavioral comparison between motorcyclists and a matched group of non-motorcycling car drivers: factors influencing accident risk. Accid Anal Prev. 2003;35(4):589–97.
  • 11.Chinn B, Canaple B, Derler S, Doyle D, Otte D, Schuller E, Willinger R. Cost 327: motorcycle safety helmets. Final report of the action. Luxembourg, Office for Official Publications of the European Communities; 2001. Retrieved May 14, 2012, from: http://ec.europa.eu/transport/roadsafety_library/publications/cost327_final_report.pdf.
  • 12.Gisolfi CV, Rohlf DP, Navarude SN, Hayes CL, Sayeed SA. Effects of wearing a helmet on thermal balance while cycling in the heat. Phys Sportsmed. 1988;16(1):139–46.
  • 13.Liu X, Abeysekera J, Shahnavaz H. Subjective evaluation of three helmets in cold laboratory and warm field conditions. Int J Ind Ergon. 1999;23(3):223–30.
  • 14.Patel R, Mohan D. An improved motorcycle helmet design for tropical climates. Appl Ergon. 1993;24(6):427–31.
  • 15.Fonseca GF. Physiological factors in protective helmet design. Natick, MA, USA: U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine; 1976. Retrieved May 14, 2012, from: http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf&AD=ADA051273.
  • 16.Wyon DP, Wyon I, Norin F. Effect of moderate heat stress on driver vigilance in a moving vehicle. Ergonomics. 1996;39(1):61–75.
  • 17.Walker SM, Auckland TR, Dawson B. The combined effect of heat and carbon monoxide on the performance of motorsport athletes. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol. 2001;128(4):709–18.
  • 18.Nunneley SA, Reader DC, Maldonado RJ. Head-temperature effects on physiology, comfort, and performance during hyperthermia. Aviat Space Environ Med. 1982;53(7):623–8.
  • 19.Astrand I. Aerobic work capacity in men and women with special reference to age. Acta Physiol Scand Suppl. 1960;49(169):1–92.
  • 20.Rozporządzenie Ministra Spraw Wewnętrznych i Administracji z dnia 30 listopada 2001 r. w sprawie umundurowania policjantów [Regulation of the Minister of Interior and Administration on police officers’ uniforms]. Dz U. 2002;(3):item 29. Retrieved June 19, 2012, from: http://www.lex.pl/du-akt/-/akt/dz-u-02-3-29.
  • 21.Oyama T. Background and the present status of reaction time studies. Japanese Journal of Ergonomics. 1985;21(2);57–64.
  • 22.Vienna Test System. Work performance series (ALS). Release 22.10. Modling, Austria: Dr. G. Schuhfried; 2002.
  • 23.Vienna Test System. Signal detection (SIGNAL). Version 5.00. Modling, Austria: Dr. G. Schuhfried; 1996.
  • 24.Pieron H. The sensations: their functions, processes and mechanisms. New Haven, CT, USA: Yale University Press; 1952.
  • 25.Baschera P, Grandjean EP. Effect of repetitive tasks with different degrees of difficulty on critical fusion frequency (CFF) and subjective state. Ergonomics. 1979;22(4):377–85.
  • 26.American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE). Physiological principles for comfort and health. In: 1993 ASHRAE handbook—fundamentals. Atlanta, GA, USA: ASHRAE; 1985. p. 8.1–29.
  • 27.Nielsen R, Endrusick TL. Sensations of temperature and humidity during alternative work/rest and the influence of underwear knit structure. Ergonomics. 1990;33(2):221–234.
  • 28.Pilcher JJ, Nadler E, Busch C. Effects of hot and cold temperature exposure on performance: a meta-analytic review. Ergonomics. 2002;45(10):682–98.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-828cb45f-bd0e-431a-806a-759c09bfd72f
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