Note on estimating air-sea flux of CO2 using mean wind

• Autorzy: Myrhaug Dag

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.5697/BRBY1100

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Statistical properties of the air-sea flux of CO2 are estimated based on mean wind speed statistics. This is achieved by applying the same eight wind speed-dependent transfer velocity parameterizations of CO2 as used by Woolf et al. (2019) together with mean wind speed statistics from one location in the North Sea and one in the North Atlantic. These results demonstrate solely the contribution of the statistical uncertainties in terms of large standard deviations of the wind speed-dependent gas transfer velocity of the CO2 flux at both locations.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

air-sea flux of CO2; transfer velocity of CO2; air-sea exchange; mean wind speed statistics; stochastic method

• Wydawca: Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Oceanology ; Elsevier
• Czasopismo: Oceanologia
• Rocznik: 2025
• Tom: No. 67 (1)
• Strony: Art. no. 67106
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 15 poz., tab., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Myrhaug Dag

• Department of Marine Technology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway

Bibliografia

• 1. Bitner-Gregersen, E.M., 2015. Joint met-ocean description for design and operations of marine structures. Appl. Ocean Res. 51, 279-292. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apor.2015.01.007
• 2. Bury, K.V., 1975. Statistical Models in Applied Science. John Wiley & Sons, New York, 646 pp.
• 3. Fay, A.R, Gregor, L., Landschützer, P., McKinley, G.A., Gruber, N., Gehlen, M., Iida, Y., Laruelle, G.G., Rödenbeck, C., Roobaert, A., Zeng, J., 2021. Sea-Flux: harmonization of air-sea CO2 fluxes from surface pCO2 data products using a standardized approach. Earth Syst. Sci. Data 13, 4693-4710. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-4693-2021
• 4. Ho, D.T., Law, C.S., Smith, M.J., Schlosser, P., Harvey, M., Hill, P., 2006. Measurements of air-sea gas exchange at high wind speeds in the Southern Ocean: Implications for global parameterizations. Geophys. Res. Lett. 33, L16611. https://doi.org/10.1029/2006GL026817
• 5. Ho, D.T., Law, C.S., Smith, M.J., Schlosser, P., Harvey, M., Hill, P., 2007. Reply to comments by X. Zhang on ‘Measurements of air-sea gas exchange at high wind speeds in the Southern Ocean: Implications for global parameterizations’. Geophys. Res. Letters 34, L23604. https://doi.org/10.1029/2007GL030943
• 6. Johannessen, K., Meling, T.S., Haver, S., 2001. Joint distribution of wind and waves in the Northern North Sea. [In:] Chung, J.S., Prevosto, M., Mizutani, N. (eds). Proceedings of the 11th Int. Offshore and Polar Engineering Conf., Stavanger, Norway, Vol. 3, Int. Soc. Offshore Polar Eng. (ISOPE), Cupertino, CA, USA, 19-28.
• 7. Mao, W., Rychlik, I., 2017. Estimation of Weibull distribution for wind speeds along ship routes. Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Pt. M, J. Eng. Mar. Environ. 231 (2), 464-480. https://doi.org/10.1177/1475090216653495
• 8. McGillis, W.R., Edson, J.B., Ware, J.D., Dacey, J.W.H., Hare, J.E., Fairall, C.W., Wanninkhof, R., 2001. Carbon dioxide flux techniques performed during GasEx 98. Mar. Chem. 75 (4), 267-280. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4203(01)00042-1
• 9. Nightingale, P.D., Malin, G., Law, C.S., Watson, A.J., Liss, P.S., 2000. In situ evaluation of air-sea gas exchange parameterizations using novel conservative and volatile tracers. Global Biochem. Cy. 14 (1), 373-387. https://doi.org/10.1029/1999GB900091
• 10. Roobaert, A., Laruelle, G.G., Landschutzer, P., Regnier, P., 2018. Uncertainty in the global oceanic CO2 uptake induced by wind forcing: quantification and special analysis. Biogeosciences 15 (6), 1701-1720. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1701-2018
• 11. Smith, M.J., Ho, D.T., Law, C.S., McGregor, J., Popinet, S., Schlosser, P., 2011. Uncertainties in gas exchange parameterization during the SAGE dual-tracer experiment. Deep Sea Res. Pt. II 58 (6), 869-881. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2010.10.025
• 12. Villas Bôas, A.B., Arduin, F., Ayet, A., Bourassa, M.A., Brandt, P., Chapron, B., Cornuelle, B.D., Farrar, J.T., Fewings, M.R., Fox-Kemper, B., Gille, S.T., Gommenginger, C., Heimbach, P., Hell, M.C., Li, Q., Mazloff, M.R., Merrifield, S.T., Mouche, A., Rio, M.H., Rodriguez, E., Shutler, J.D., Subramanian, A.C., Terrill, T.J., Tsamados, M., Ubelmann, C., van Sebille, E., 2019. Integrated observations of global surface winds, currents, and waves: requirements and challenges for the next decade. Front. Mar. Sci. 6, 425. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00425
• 13. Wanninkhof, R., 2014. Relationship between wind speed and gas exchange over the ocean revisited. Limnol. Oceanogr.-Meth. 12 (6), 351-362. https://doi.org/10.4319/lom.2014.12.351
• 14. Wanninkhof, R., Asher, W.E., Ho, D.T., Sweeney, C., McGillis, W.R., 2009. Advances in quantifying air-sea gas exchange and environmental forcing. Annu. Rev. Mar. Sci. 1 (1), 213-244. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.marine.010908.163742
• 15. Woolf, D.K., Shutler, J.D., Goddijn-Murphy, L., Watson, A.J., Chapron, B., Nightingale, P.D., Donlon, C.J., Piskozub, J., Yelland, M.J., Ashton I., Holding, T., Schuster, U., Girard-Ardhuin, F., Grouazel, A., Piolle, J.-F., Warren, M., Wrobel-Niedzwiecka, I., Land, P.E., Torres, R., Prytherch, J., Moat, B., Hanafin, J., Ardhuin, F., Paul, F., 2019. Key uncertainties in the recent air-sea flux of CO2. Global Biogeochem. Cy. 33, 1548-1563. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GB006041