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Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
Abstrakty
This paper undertakes the problem of mapping a hyperboloid cooling tower on a single plane. Measurements performed by ground-based laser scanning technology quickly deliver substantial amounts of geometric data of the tower’s outer wall. The essence of the article is projection of the rotational hyperboloid on a plane. The shape of the hyperboloid cooling tower is not directly expandable to a single plane. Mapping a hyperboloid shape on a plane is, therefore, associated with distortions. This paper presents a comparison between cylindrical and conic projection of a hyperboloid cooling tower. The most popular method of mapping hyperboloid is cylindrical projection. The cylinder’s side surface is easily developed on the drawing sheet. For the hyperboloid cooling tower, the biggest distortions occur in the latitudinal direction and reach the highest values at the top and bottom edges. The equation (13) describe distortion for the cylindrical projection. The equation (18) describe distortion for the conical projection. This paper presents results obtained from the performed measurement. The analysis found that cone mapping produces less distortion than cylindrical projection for the hyperboloid cooling tower. We think, that in conical projection, the shape of a hyperboloid cooling tower and theoretical conic shape have better corresponding together than in cylindrical projection.
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
25--40
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 30 poz., rys.
Twórcy
autor
- University of Agriculture in Krakow Department of Geodesy 30-149 Kraków, ul. Balicka 253a
autor
- Wrocław University of Science and Technology Department of Geotechnology, Hydro Technology, and Underground and Hydro Engineering Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław
Bibliografia
- Abu-Sitta S.H., Hashish M.G. 1973. Dynamic Wind Stresses in Hyperbolic Cooling Towers. Journal of the Structural Division, 99, 9, September, 1823–1835.
- Asadzadeh E., Mehtab A. 2014. A Survey on Hyperbolic Cooling Towers. International Journal of Civil, Architectural, Structural and Construction Engineering, 8, 1022–1034.
- Bac-Bronowicz J. 2005. Topographic factors as a usable tool for right modelling of continuous features measured in point. Mat. XXII ICC, ICA, A Coruna.
- Baillis Ch., Julian J.F., Limam A. 2000. An enriched 2D modelling of cooling towers. Effects of real damage on the stability under self-weight and on the strength under wind pressure. Engineering Structures, 22, Elsevier, 831–846.
- Bajtala M., Brunčák P., Kubinec J., Lipták M., Sokol Š. 2011. Exploitation of Terrestrial Laser Scanning in Determining of Geometry of a Factory Chimney. Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Engineering Surveying (INGEO 2011). Brijuni, Croatia, September 22–24, 77–82.
- Bala A.C., Brebu F.M., Moscovici A.M. 2012. Using terrestrial laser scanning technologies for high construction monitoring. 12th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference. Conference Proceedings, 2, 17–23 June, 829–836.
- Bamu P.C., Zingoni A. 2005. Damage, deterioration and the long-term structural performance of cooling-tower shells: A survey of developments over the past 50 years. Engineering Structures, 27, 12, Elsevier, 1794–1800.
- Berthoud M.G. 2005. An equal-area map projection for irregular objects. Icarus, 175. Elsevier, 382–389.
- Byrd P.F., Friedman M.D. 1954. Handbook of elliptic integrals for engineers and physicists. Springer-Verlag.
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- Feltens J. 2011. Hyperboloidal coordinates: transformations and applications in special constructions. Journal of Geodesy, 85, 4, 239–254.
- Gawronek P., Mitka B. 2015. The use of terrestrial laser scanning in monitoring of the residential barracks at the site of the former concentration camp Auschwitz II – Birkenau. Geomatics, Landmanagement and Landscape, 3, 53–60.
- Głowacki T., Grzempowski P., Sudoł E., Wajs J., Zając M. 2016. The assessment of the application of terrestrial laser scanning for measuring the geometrics of cooling towers. Geomatics, Landmanagement and Landscape, 4, 49–57.
- Gould P.L., Kratzig W.B. 1998. Cooling Tower Structures. In: Handbook of Structural Engineering. Chen W. (ed.). CRC Press LLC, chapter 14, 473–504.
- Grafarend E.W., Krumm F.W. 2006. Map projection: Cartographic Information Systems. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
- Ioannidis C., Valani A., Georgopoulos A., Tsiligiris E. 2006. 3D model generation for deformation analysis using laser scanning data of a cooling tower. 3rd IAG/12th FIG Symposium, Baden, May 22–24.
- Jasińska E., Preweda E. 2004. A Few Comments on Determining the Shapes of Hyperboloid Cooling Towers by the Means of Ambient Tangents Method. Geodezja, 10, 1. AGH, Krakow.
- Kregar K., Ambrožič T., Kogoj D., Vezočnik R., Marjetič A. 2015. Determining the inclination of tall chimneys using the TPS and TLS approach. Measurement, 75, 354–363.
- Kulkarni S., Kulkarni A.V. 2014. Static and dynamic analysis of hyperbolic cooling tower. Journal of Civil Engineering Technology and Research, 2, 1, 39–61.
- Litwin U., Piech I. 2013. Application of the photogrammetric method in surveying of the palace and park complex building in Mściwojów, Poland. Geomatics, Landmanagement and Landscape, 2, 37–44.
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- Makuch M. 2018. Application of terrestrial laser scanning in the process of modernization of hyperboloid cooling towers. Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Land Surveying, University of Agriculture in Krakow, phD thessis. Krakow (in Polish).
- Makuch M., Gawronek P. 2020. 3D Point Cloud Analysis for Damage Detection on Hyperboloid Cooling Tower Shells. Remote Sensing, 12(10), 1542.
- Muszyński Z. 2014. Application of robust estimation methods to calculation of geometric distortions of a cooling tower shell. In: 14th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM 2014: GeoConference on informatics, geoinformatics and remote sensing: Conference proceedings. Albena, Bulgaria, 17–26 June, 2, Geodesy and mine surveying: STEF92 Technology, 65–72.
- Muszyński Z., Milczarek W. 2017. Application of Terrestrial Laser Scanning to Study the Geometry of Slender Objects. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 95, 1–7.
- Nyrtsov M.V. 2003. The classification of projections of irregularly shaped celestial bodies. Proceedings of the 21st International Cartographic Conference (ICC), Durban.
- Pandžić J., Pejić M., Božić B., Erić V. 2016. TLS in Determining Geometry of a Tall Structure, Engineering Geodesy for Construction Works, Industry and Research. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Engineering Geodesy. Varaždin, Croatia, 20–22 May, 279–290.
- Snyder J.P. 1987. Map Projections. A Working Manual. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1395. United States Government Printing Office, Washington.
- Zhao X., Kargoll B., Omidalizarandi M., Xu X., Al Khatib H. 2018. Model Selection for Parametric Surfaces Approximating 3D Point Clouds for Deformation Analysis. Remote Sensing, 10(4), 634. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10040634
Uwagi
Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MEiN, umowa nr SONP/SP/546092/2022 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2022-2023).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-81bdcef6-6e7e-4089-b361-834e3c03d567