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The aim of this study was to investigate a possibility of using gaseous fuels of a low calorific value as a fuel for internal combustion engines. Such fuels can come from organic matter decomposition (biogas), oil production (flare gas) or gasification of materials containing carbon (syngas). The utilization of syngas in the barrel type Opposed-Piston (OP) engine arrangement is of particular interest for the authors. A robust design, high mechanical efficiency and relatively easy incorporation of Variable Compression Ratio (VCR) makes the OP engine an ideal candidate for running on a low calorific fuel of various composition. Furthermore, the possibility of online compression ratio adjustment allows for engine the operation in Controlled Auto-Ignition (CAI) mode for high efficiency and low emission. In order to investigate engine operation on low calorific gaseous fuel authors performed 3D CFD numerical simulations of scavenging and combustion processes in the 2-stroke barrel type Opposed-Piston engine with use of the AVL Fire solver. Firstly, engine operation on natural gas with ignition from diesel pilot was analysed as a reference. Then, combustion of syngas in two different modes was investigated – with ignition from diesel pilot and with Controlled Auto-Ignition. Final engine operating points were specified and corresponding emissions were calculated and compared. Results suggest that engine operation on syngas might be limited due to misfire of diesel pilot or excessive heat releas which might lead to knock. A solution proposed by authors for syngas is CAI combustion which can be controlled with application of VCR and with adjustment of air excess ratio. Based on preformed simulations it was shown that low calorific syngas can be used as a fuel for power generation in the Opposed-Piston engine which is currently under development at Warsaw University of Technology.
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
53--63
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 28 poz., wykr.
Twórcy
autor
- Faculty of Power and Aeronautical Engineering at Warsaw University of Technology
autor
- Faculty of Power and Aeronautical Engineering at Warsaw University of Technology
autor
- Faculty of Power and Aeronautical Engineering at Warsaw University of Technology
autor
- Faculty of Power and Aeronautical Engineering at Warsaw University of Technology
Bibliografia
- [1] LIEUWEN, T., YANG, V., YETTER, R. Synthesis gas combustion: fundamentals and applications. Taylor & Francis Group; 2010.
- [2] BADE SHRESTHA, S.O., KARIM, G.A. Hydrogen as an additive to methane for spark ignition engine applications. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 24(6), 577-586.
- [3] PUSHP, M., MANDE, S. Development of 100% producer gas engine and field testing with pid governor mechanism for variable load operation. SAE Technical Paper. 2008, 2008-28-0035.
- [4] YAMASAKI, Y., TOMATSU, G., NAGATA, Y., KANEKO, S. Development of a small size gas engine system with biomass gas (combustion characteristics of the wood chip pyrolysis gas). SAE Technical Paper. 2007, 2007-01-3612.
- [5] ANDO, Y., YOSHIKAWA, K., BECK, M., ENDO, H. Research and development of a low-BTU gas-driven engine for waste gasification and power generation. Energy. 30(11–12), 2206-2218.
- [6] TOMITA, E., FUKATANI, N., KAWAHARA, N. et al. Combustion characteristics and performance of supercharged pyrolysis gas engine with micro-pilot ignition. CIMAC congress. 2007. Paper No. 178.
- [7] ROY, M.M., TOMITA, E., KAWAHARA, N. et al. Effect of fuel injection parameters on engine performance and emissions of a supercharged producer gas-diesel dual fuel engine. SAE Technical Paper. 2009, 2009-01-1848.
- [8] ROY, M.M., TOMITA E., KAWAHARA N. et al. Performance and emission comparison of a supercharged dual-fuel engine fueled by producer gases with varying hydrogen content. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2009.
- [9] ROY, M.M., TOMITA, E., KAWAHARA N. et al. Performance and emissions of a supercharged dual-fuel engine fueled by hydrogen-rich coke oven gas. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2009.
- [10] AZIMOV, U., TOMITA, E., KAWAHARA, N. Ignition, Combustion and exhaust emission characteristics of micropilot ignited dual-fuel engine operated under PREMIER combustion mode. SAE Technical Paper. 2011, 2011-01-1764.
- [11] AZIMOV U., TOMITA E., KAWAHARA N., HARADA Y. Effect of syngas composition on combustion and exhaust emission characteristics in a pilot-ignited dual-fuel engine operated in PREMIER combustion mode. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2011, 36, 11985–11996.
- [12] AZIMOV, U., OKUNO, M., TSUBOI, K. et al. Multidimensional CFD simulation of syngas combustion in a micropilotignited dual-fuel engine using a constructed chemical kinetics mechanism. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2011, 36, 13793–13807.
- [13] ZHAO, H. HCCI and CAI engines for the automotive industry. Woodhead Publishing. 2007.
- [14] BHADURI, S., BERGER, B., POCHET, M. et al. HCCI engine operated with unscrubbed biomass syngas. Fuel Processing Technology. 2017, 157, 52-58.
- [15] FLINT M. Opposed Piston Engines: Evolution, Use, and Future Applications. Warrendale: SAE International. 2010
- [16] HEROLD, R.E., WAHL, M.H., REGNER, G. et al. Thermodynamic benefits of opposed-piston two stroke engines. SAE Technical Paper. 2011, 2011-01-2216.
- [17] RANZI, E., FRASSOLDATI, A., GRANA, R. et al. Hierarchical and comparative kinetic modeling of laminar flame speeds of hydrocarbon and oxygenated fuels. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science. 2012, 38(4), 468-501.
- [18] SMITH, G.P., GOLDEN, D.M., FRENKLACH, M. et al. “GRI-Mech 3.0.”
- [19] WANG, H., YOU, X., JOSHI, A.V. et al. USC Mech Version II. High-Temperature Combustion Reaction Model of H2/CO/C1-C4 Compounds.
- [20] RANZI, E., FRASSOLDATI, A., GRANA, R. et al. Hierarchical and comparative kinetic modeling of laminar flame speeds of hydrocarbon and oxygenated fuels. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science. 2012, 38(4), 468-501.
- [21] Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering (Combustion Research) – University of California at San Diego, “Chemical-Kinetic Mechanisms for Combustion Applications, San Diego Mechanism web page.”
- [22] PATEL, A., KONG, S., REITZ, R. Development and validation of a reduced reaction mechanism for HCCI engine simulations. SAE Technical Paper. 2004, 2004-01-0558.
- [23] BURKE, U., SOMERS, K.P., O’TOOLE, P. et al. An ignition delay and kinetic modeling study of methane, dimethyl ether, and their mixtures at high pressures. Combustion and Flame. 2015, 162(2) 315-330.
- [24] ZHANG, K., BANYON, C., BUGLER, J., et al. An updated experimental and kinetic modeling study of n-heptane oxidation. Combustion and Flame. 2016, 172, 116-135.
- [25] ROZENCHAN, G., ZHU, D.L., LAW, C.K., TSE, S.D. Outward propagation, burning velocities, and chemical effects of methane flames up to 60 ATM. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute. 2002, 29(2), 1461-1470.
- [26] JERZEMBECK, S., PETERS, N., PEPIOT-DESJARDINS, P., PITSCH, H. Laminar burning velocities at high pressure for primary reference fuels and gasoline: Experimental and numerical investigation. Combustion and Flame. 2009, 156(2), 292-301.
- [27] HANJALIĆ, K., POPOVAC, M., HADZIABDIĆ, M. A robust near-wall elliptic-relaxation eddy-viscosity turbulence model for CFD. International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow. 2004, 25(6), 1047-1051.
- [28] Regulation (EU) 2016/1628 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 September 2016 on requirements relating to gaseous and particulate pollutant emission limits and type-approval for internal combustion engines for non-road mobile machinery.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
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