Range of soil and climate characteristics appropriate for Pistacia atlantica forest development and rehabilitation (case study: Fars province, Iran)

• Autorzy: Nejabat M. , Negahdarsaber M. , Ghahari G.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.1515/jwld-2017-0008

Warianty tytułu

PL

Zakres charakterystyk glebowych i klimatycznych odpowiednich dla rozwoju i rekultywacji lasów Pistacia atlantica na przykładzie prowincji Fars w Iranie

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Investigation of ranges of soil and climate characteristics appropriate for the tolerant species: Pistacia atlantica subsp. mutica according to field study was the main objective of this research. This study was carried out based on random sampling across 20×20 km wild pistachio forests of Fars province (Iran). Results showed that mountainous and hilly lands are the main land types that pistachio species have evolved on. Statistical analysis of physical and chemical soil characteristics based on principal component analysis (PCA) method showed that wide ranges in soil characteristics, even up to about 40% differentiation in some measured properties, did not restricts this subspecies natural growth. The main growth limiting factors were shallow soil depth and light soil texture that decreased storage capacity of soil moisture, necessary for wild pistachios survival during drought and long dry periods. Climatic elements were analysed through the same approach and showed that temperature, precipitation and wind with overall variability of 85.9% were the most effectual factors. Pistacia atlantica subsp. mutica is one of the species refractory to various soil conditions and adapted to weak soils for the establishment and rehabilitation of forests in semi-arid regions.

PL

Głównym celem badań terenowych prezentowanych w niniejszej pracy było przeanalizowanie zakresu wartości charakterystyk glebowych i klimatycznych odpowiednich dla podgatunku Pistacia atlantica subsp. mutica. Próby pobierano losowo z poletka w lesie pistacjowym o wymiarach 20×20 km w prowincji Fars w Iranie. Wyniki dowodzą, że pistacja wyewoluowała na ziemiach górskich i na terenach pagórkowatych. Statystyczna analiza fizycznych i chemicznych właściwości gleb prowadzona metodą składowych głównych (PCA) wykazała, że duża zmienność badanych cech, sięgająca w niektórych przypadkach 40%, nie ograniczała naturalnego wzrostu badanego podgatunku. Głównymi czynnikami ograniczającymi były płytkie gleby o lekkiej strukturze, które zmniejszały zdolność gleb do zatrzymywania wilgoci niezbędnej dziko rosnącej pistacji do przetrwania długich okresów suszy. Czynniki klimatyczne analizowano tą samą metodą i stwierdzono, że najbardziej istotne były temperatura, opady i wiatr o ogólnej zmienności 85,9%. Pistacia atlantica subsp. mutica jest jednym z gatunków najbardziej odpornych na różne warunki glebowe, co może mieć znaczenie dla stabilizowania i rekultywacji lasów na terenach półpustynnych.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

climatic elements; drought; forest soils; principal component analysis; PCA; semi-arid regions; soil physical properties; soil chemical properties

PL

analiza składowych głównych; PCA; czynniki klimatyczne; fizyczne właściwości gleb; chemiczne właściwości gleb; gleby leśne; susza; tereny półpustynne

• Wydawca: Wydawnictwo ITP
• Czasopismo: Journal of Water and Land Development
• Rocznik: 2017
• Tom: no. 32
• Strony: 71--78
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 35 poz., fot., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Nejabat M.

• Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Department, Fars Research and Education Center for Agriculture and Natural Resources, AREEO, Shiraz, Iran

autor

Negahdarsaber M.

• Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Department, Fars Research and Education Center for Agriculture and Natural Resources, AREEO, Shiraz, Iran

autor

Ghahari G.

• Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Department, Fars Research and Education Center for Agriculture and Natural Resources, AREEO, Shiraz, Iran

Bibliografia

• ALIOWLAD J., NAJAFIFAR A., SEIAVOSHI K. 2007. Soil survey and land capability evaluation of Zardalan Shirvan Chardavol region, Ilam Province. Abstracts of the 10th Iran soil congress. Karaj, Iran: Tehran University, 26–28 August 2007 pp. 742. (In Persian with an abstract in English).
• AMIRI A. 1999. Investigation of Zagros forest ecosystem in Lordegan, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province. Msc thesis. Tarbiat Modares University Press pp. 113. (In Persian).
• BAHRANI M.J., YEGANEH M., HEIDARI B. 2010. Distribution of Pistacia mutica F. and M. as influenced by topographical factors and soil properties in mountain areas of western Iran. International Journal of Ecology and Environmental Science. Vol. 36 p. 27–37.
• BINKLEY D., GIARDINA C. 1998. Why do tree species affect soils? The warp and whoop of tree-soil interaction. Biogeochemistry. Vol. 42 p. 89–106.
• BODAGHI A. 1995. Investigation of regeneration, distribution and ecological condition of wild pistachio. Proceeding of the first national seminar of wild pistachio. Ilam University, Iran. 4–5 November 1995 p. 472–481. (In Persian with an abstract in English).
• BROWN K.J. 1999. Soil sampling and sample handling for chemical analysis. In: Soil analysis: An interpretation manual. Eds. K.I. Peverill, L.A. Sparrow, D.J. Reuter. Melbourne. CSIRO Publishing p. 35–54.
• GEE G.W., BAUDER J.W. 1986. Particle-size analysis. In: Methods of soil analysis. P. 1. Physical and mineralogical methods. 2nd ed. Ed. A. Klute. SSSA Book. Ser. 5.1. Madison. SSSA, ASA p. 383–411.
• GHOLAMI S., HOSSEINI S.M., SAYADE. 2007. Effect of soil, sowing depth and sowing date on growth and survival of Pistacia atlantica seedlings. Pakistan Journal of Biological Science. Vol. 10. Iss.2 p. 245–249.
• HATAMI BAHMAN BIGLU H., KHOSHAL DASTJERDI J. 2010. Application of factor analysis for regionalization of Fars province. Journal of Geographical Space. Vol. 32 p. 48–36. (In Persian with an abstract in English).
• HOSSEINI V., AKHAVAN R., TAHMASEBI M. 2012. Effect of pistachio (Pistacia atlantica) canopy on the spatial distribution of soil chemical characteristics (Case study: Sarvabad, Kurdistan). Iranian Journal of Forest. Vol. 4 p. 13–24. (In Persian with an abstract in English).
• KENT M., COKER P. 2001. Vegetation description and analysis. Chichester, Sussex. John Wiley and Sons. ISBN 9780471948100 pp. 363.
• LE POLAINDE WAROUX Y., LAMBIN E.F. 2012. Monitoring degradation in arid and semi-arid forests and woodlands: The case of the argan woodlands (Morocco). Applied Geography. Vol. 32. Iss. 2 p. 777–786.
• LEOPPERT R.H., SUAREZ D.L. 1996. Carbonate and gypsum. In: Methods of soil analysis. P. 3. Chemical methods. Eds. D.L. Sparks, A.L. Page, P.A. Helmke, R.H. Loeppert. SSSA Book. Ser. 5.3. Madison SSSA, ASA p. 1264–1279.
• LIMANE A., SMAIL-SAADOUN N., BELKEBIR-BOUKAIS A., KISSOUM-HAMDINI I. K. 2014. Root architecture adaptation of Pistacia atlantica subsp. atlantica according to an increasing climatic and edaphic gradient: case of a north–south transect in Algeria. Turkish Journal of Botany. Vol. 38 p. 536–549.
• MAHMOUDI J., ZAHEDI GH., AMIRI A., ADELI A., RAHMANI R. 2005. An acquaintance with the relationship between plant ecological groups and soil characteristics in Kelarabad plain forest (Chahloos). Iranian Journal of Natural Resources. Vol. 58 p. 351–362. (In Persian with an abstract in English).
• MONTAZERI M., GHAHARI G., NEGAHDARSABER M.R. 2014. Identifying vegetative climate zones in Fars Province with emphasis on the spread of pistachio forests. Journal of Applied Climatology. Vol. 1 p. 73–86. (In Persian with an abstract in English).
• MORISON J., MORECROFT M.D. 2006. Plant growth and climate change. Oxford. Blackwell Publishing. ISBN 978-14051-3192-6 pp. 232.
• NEGAHDARSABER M.R., FATTAHI M. 2003.Wild pistachio (Pistacia attlantica) status in Irano-Turani growth regime, case study, Fars Province. Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research. Vol. 10 p. 99–119. (In Persian with an abstract in English).
• NEGAHDARSABER M.R., FATTAHI M., PAKPARVAR M., JOWKAR L. 2009. Statistical analysis of physiographic conditions of wild pistachio in Fars Province by GIS. Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research. Vol. 16 p 262–273. (In Persian with an abstract in English).
• NELSON D.W., SOMMERS L.E. 1996. Total carbon, organic carbon, and organic matter. In: Methods of soil analysis. P. 3. Chemical methods. Eds. D.L. Sparks, A.L. Page, P.A. Helmke, R.H. Loeppert. SSSA Book. Ser. 5.3. Madison SSSA, ASA p. 1063–1092.
• OWLIAIE H. 2010. Physical and chemical properties of soils under some wild pistachio (Pistacia atlantica) canopies in a semi-arid ecosystem, southwestern Iran. In: Geophysical Research Abstracts. Vienna, Austria: EGU General Assembly, 2–7 May 2010 p. 14979.
• REZAEYAN S., POURMAJIDIAN M.R., JALILVAND H., PARSAKHOO A. 2009. Growth parameters of Pistacia atlantica under different soil conditions in Iran. African Journal of Plant Science. Vol. 3 p. 184–189.
• RHOADES J.D. 1996. Salinity: electrical conductivity and total dissolved solids. In: Methods of soil analysis. P. 3. Chemical methods. Eds. D.L. Sparks, A.L. Page, P.A. Helmke, R.H. Loeppert. SSSA Book. Ser. 5.3. Madison SSSA, ASA p. 1351–1372.
• ROSTAMIKIA Y., IMANI A.A., FATAHI M., SHARIFIJ. 2010. Sit demands and qualitative characteristics of wild pistachio in Khalkhal forest. Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research. Vol. 38 p. 489–499. (In Persian with an abstract in English).
• SABETI H. 1993. Forests, trees, and shrubs of Iran. Yazd. Yazd University Press pp. 360 (In Persian).
• SALEHI A., WILHELMSSON E., SÖDERBERG U. 2008. Land cover changes in a forested watershed, Southern Zagros, Iran. Land Degradation and Development. Vol. 19 p. 542–553.
• SALEHI E., ZARINKAFSH M., ZAHEDI M., AMIRI A., MARVI MOHAJER M. 2005. Soil physico-chemical characteristics change relation with trees ecological groups in Namkhaneh series, Khyroodkenar forest. Iranian Journal of Natural Resources. Vol. 58 p. 567–578. (In Persian with an abstract in English).
• SCHOENHOLTZ S.H., VAN MIEGROET H., BURGER J.A. 2000. A review of chemical and physical properties as indicator of forest soil quality: Challenge and opportunities. Forest Ecology and Management. Vol. 138 p. 335–356.
• SEPASKHAH A.R., KARIMI-GOGHARY S.H. 2003.Growth and chemical composition of pistachio affected by salinities and depths of water table. Communication in Soil Science and Plant Analysis. Vol. 34 p. 343–355.
• SHEKARCHIAN A., ESFANDIARPOUR P. 2006. Soil survey of wild pistachio forests and its impacts on decreasing soil erosion. In: Proceeding of second national conference on watershed, soil and water resources management. Iran: Kerman University, 22–23 March 2006 p. 638–648. (In Persian with an abstract in English).
• TAHERI ABKENAR K., SALEHI A., BAGHERI J., RAVANBAKHSH H. 2013. Some ecological properties of Pistacia atlantica Desf in Khojir National Park of Iran. Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology. Vol. 19 p. 415–420.
• WALKER R., TOROKFALVY E., BEHBOUDIAN M.H. 1987. Uptake and distribution of chloride, sodium, and potassium, ions and growth of salt treated pistachio. Australian Journal of Agriculture Research.Vol. 38 p. 383–394.
• YAGHMAIE L., SOLTANI S, KHODAGHOLI M. 2008. Effect of climatic factors on distribution of Artemisia sieberi and Artemisia aucheri in Isfahan Province using multivariate statistical methods. JWSS – Isfahan University of Technology. Vol. 44 p. 359–370. (In Persian with an abstract in English).
• ZANGENEH H. 2001. Ecological demands of pistachio species in Kermanshah province. Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research. Vol. 10 p. 123–130. (In Persian with an abstract in English).
• ZOHARY D. 1995.Taxonomy the genus Pistacia L. In: Pistacia genetic resources. International workshop. Palermo, Italy, 29–30 June 1995. Roma. FAO p. 1–11.

Uwagi

Opracowanie ze środków MNiSW w ramach umowy 812/P-DUN/2016 na działalność upowszechniającą naukę (zadania 2017).