Practical aspects of using radar in maritime navigation with analysis of its potential errors and limitations

• Autorzy: Rutkowski Grzegorz

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.26408/113.02

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

In this article, the author will try to explain the basic principles of the practical focus of using radar in maritime navigation, analysing its potential errors and limitations. An attempt will also be made to describe the basic seamanship practice of how to set up the radar, determine the radar blind sectors, calculate the radar position accuracy, generate a basic anti-collision radar report, calculate CPA, TCA, BCR, BCT etc., and verify the effectiveness of a trial anti-collision manoeuvre by using the radar in the different radar modes when navigating in restricted sea areas.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

radar; ARPA; closest point of approach (CPA); time for closest point of approach (TCPA); bow crossing rage (BCR); bow crossing time (BCT); radar blind sectors; true motion; relative motion; true vectors; relative vectors; sea stabilised mode; ground stabilised mode; parallel indexing (PI)

• Wydawca: Publishing House of Gdynia Maritime University
• Czasopismo: Scientific Journal of Gdynia Maritime University
• Rocznik: 2020
• Tom: nr 113
• Strony: 17--28
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 14 poz., rys.

Twórcy

autor

Rutkowski Grzegorz

• Gdynia Maritime University, Morska 81-87, 81-225 Gdynia, Poland, Faculty of Navigation

Bibliografia

• 1. Bilden A.V., Norris A., 2008, RADAR and AIS, The Nautical Institute, London, UK.
• 2. Brunicardi D., 2012, Radar and AIS for Watchkeeping Officers, Brown, Son & Ferguson Ltd. Nautical Printers, Glasgow, Scotland.
• 3. COLREG, 1972, International Rules and Regulation for Prevention of Collisions at Sea.
• 4. IMO Resolutions for ‘Performance Standards For Automatic Radar Plotting Aids (ARPAs)’, 2004, Res. A.422 (XI) adopted on Nov.1979, Res. A.823(19) adopted on Nov. 1995) and IMO Res. MSC 192(79) Annex 34 ‘Adoption of The Revised Performance Standards for Radar Equipment’, December.
• 5. IMO SN/Circ.243, 2004, Guidelines for the presentation of navigation-related symbols, terms and abbreviations, December.
• 6. Maersk Line Internal Documentation, 2018, Safety Management System (SMS) Including Ship Handling (8.02.01) and Ship Manoeuvrability (L203-L210) for E-class Container Vessel Emma Maersk, http://www.ships-info.info/mer-emma-maersk.htm, December.
• 7. MCA, 2007, The Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MGN 324 (M+F), Operational Guidance on the Use of VHF Radio and Automatic Identification System (AIS) at Sea, July 2006 and MCA MGN 63 (M+F) Merchant Shipping Notice 1158 ‘Use of Electronic Aids to Navigation’, May.
• 8. Rutkowski, G., 2018, ECDIS Limitations, Data Reliability, Alarm Management and Safety Settings Recommended for Passage Planning and Route Monitoring on VLCC Tankers, TransNav, The International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 483–490.
• 9. Rutkowski, G., 2019, Voyage Planning, Seafarers’ Competencies and Watchkeeping Procedures in the Restricted Sea Areas, in the Narrow Channels and Sharp Bend Fairways, LAP Lambert Academic Publishing, Schaltungsdientst Lange o.H.G., European Union OmniScriptum Publishing Group, Berlin, Germany.
• 10. SOLAS, 2019, International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, http://www.imo.org/, December 2019.
• 11. STCW, 2010, Manila Amendments, 2017, IMO, http://www.imo.org/, December 2019.
• 12. Teekay Shipping SA, 2019, Internal Safety Management System (SMS) and Navigational Procedure, February 2019.
• 13. The American Practical Navigator Bowditch, 2002, No. 9, National Imagery and Mapping Agency, Washington, USA.
• 14. VIQ Vessel Inspection Questionnaires for the Oil Tankers, 2017, Combination Carriers, Shuttle Tankers, Chemical Tankers and Gas Carriers, Oil Companies International Marine Forum (OCIMF).

Uwagi

Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa Nr 461252 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2020).