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Spectrum Occupancy in Realistic Scenarios and Duty Cycle Model for Cognitive Radio

Wybrane pełne teksty z tego czasopisma
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Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
Most of the spectrum occupancy measurement campaigns performed to the date in the context of cognitive radio are based on measurements in outdoor high points such as building roofs, balconies and towers. Although these measurement scenarios enable a more accurate estimation of the primary transmitters’ spectral activity, they may not be representative of the spectrum occupancy perceived by a cognitive radio user in many other interesting practical situations where users are not placed in a static high point. In this context, this work presents the results obtained in a spectrum measurement campaign performed over a rich diversity of measurement scenarios of practical interest. The considered scenarios include not only high points but also indoor environments as well as outdoor locations at the ground level in open areas and between buildings. The ariety of considered measurement scenarios provides a broader view and understanding of dynamic spectrum occupancy under different practical scenarios of interest. The impact of considering various locations on the spectral activity perceived by a cognitive radio user is determined, analyzed and quantified. Moreover, a theoretical model for the occupancy levels observed at different locations is developed and verified with the obtained results.
Rocznik
Strony
26--34
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 16 poz., fig., tab.
Twórcy
  • Department of Signal Theory and Communications, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, Spain
  • Department of Signal Theory and Communications, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, Spain
Bibliografia
  • [1] F. H. Sanders, “Broadband spectrum surveys in Denver, CO, San Diego, CA, and Los Angeles, CA: Methodology, analysis, and comparative results,” in Proc. of IEEE Int’l Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC 1998), vol. 2, Aug. 1998, pp. 988–993.
  • [2] M. A. McHenry et al., “Spectrum occupancy measurements,” Shared Spectrum Company, Tech. Rep., Jan 2004 – Aug 2005, available at: http://www.sharedspectrum.com.
  • [3] A. Petrin and P. G. Steffes, “Analysis and comparison of spectrum measurements performed in urban and rural areas to determine the total amount of spectrum usage,” in Proc. of the Int’l Symposium on Advanced Radio Technologies (ISART 2005), Mar. 2005, pp. 9–12.
  • [4] M. Wellens, J. Wu, and P. Mähönen, “Evaluation of spectrum occupancy in indoor and outdoor scenario in the context of cognitive radio,” in Proc. of the Second Int’l Conf. on Cognitive Radio Oriented Wireless Networks and Communications (CrowCom 2007), Aug. 2007, pp. 1–8.
  • [5] R. I. C. Chiang, G. B. Rowe, and K. W. Sowerby, “A quantitative analysis of spectral occupancy measurements for cognitive radio,” in Proc. of the IEEE 65th Vehicular Technology Conf. (VTC 2007 Spring), Apr. 2007, pp. 3016–3020.
  • [6] M. H. Islam, C. L. Koh, S. W. Oh, X. Qing, Y. Y. Lai, C. Wang, Y.-C. Liang, B. E. Toh, F. Chin, G. L. Tan, and W. Toh, “Spectrum survey in Singapore: Occupancy measurements and analyses,” in Proc. of the 3rd Int’l Conf. on Cognitive Radio Oriented Wireless Networks and Communications (CrownCom 2008), May 2008, pp. 1–7.
  • [7] P. G. Steffes and A. J. Petrin, “Study of spectrum usage and potential interference to passive remote sensing activities in the 4.5 cm and 21 cm bands,” in Proc. of the IEEE Int’l Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2004), vol. 3, Sep. 2004, pp. 1679–1682.
  • [8] J. Do, D. M. Akos, and P. K. Enge, “L and S bands spectrum survey in the San Francisco bay area,” in Proc. of the Position Location and Navigation Symposium (PLANS 2004), Apr. 2004, pp. 566–572.
  • [9] M. Biggs, A. Henley, and T. Clarkson, “Occupancy analysis of the 2.4 GHz ISM band,” IEE Proceedings on Communications, vol. 151, no. 5, pp. 481–488, Oct. 2004.
  • [10] S. W. Ellingson, “Spectral occupancy at VHF: Implications for frequencyagile cognitive radios,” in Proc. of the IEEE 62nd Vehicular Technology Conf. (VTC 2005 Fall), vol. 2, Sep. 2005, pp. 1379–1382.
  • [11] S. D. Jones, E. Jung, X. Liu, N. Merheb, and I.-J. Wang, “Characterization of spectrum activities in the U.S. public safety band for opportunistic spectrum access,” in Proc. of the 2nd IEEE Int’l Symposium on New Frontiers in Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks (DySPAN 2007), Apr. 2007, pp. 137–146.
  • [12] M. López-Benítez and F. Casadevall, “Methodological aspects of spectrum occupancy evaluation in the context of cognitive radio,” in Proc. of the 15th European Wireless Conf. (EW 2009), May 2009, pp. 199–204.
  • [13] M. López-Benítez, A. Umbert, and F. Casadevall, “Evaluation of spectrum occupancy in spain for cognitive radio applications,” in Proc. of the IEEE 69th Vehicular Technology Conf. (VTC 2009 Spring), Apr. 2009, pp. 1–5.
  • [14] M. López-Benítez, F. Casadevall, A. Umbert, J. Pérez-Romero, J. Palicot, C. Moy, and R. Hachemani, “Measurements to detect spectral occupation and validation of blind standard recognition sensor,” in Proc. of the 4th Int’l Conf. on Cognitive Radio Oriented Wireless Networks and Communications (CrownCom 2009), Jun. 2009, pp. 1–9.
  • [15] T. Yücek and H. Arslan, “A survey of spectrum sensing algorithms for cognitive radio applications,” IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 116–130, 2009.
  • [16] C. Cordeiro, K. Challapali, D. Birru, and N. S. Shankar, “IEEE 802.22: The first worldwide wireless standard based on cognitive radios,” in Proc. of the First IEEE Int’l Symposium on New Frontiers in Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks (DySPAN 2005), Nov. 2005, pp. 328–337.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-787f35ea-76eb-4a95-bea6-cd95aac7b96b
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