Changes in the quality of shallow groundwater in agriculturally used catchment in the Wiśnickie Foothills (Southern Poland)

• Autorzy: Bojarczuk Anna , Jelonkiewicz Ewelina , Jelonkiewicz Łukasz , Lenart-Boroń Anna

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.24425/aep.2019.126420

Warianty tytułu

Zmiany jakości płytkich wód poziemnych w użytkowanej rolniczo zlewni na Pogórzu Wiśnickim (Południowa Polska)

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The aim of this study was to examine the changes in the chemical composition of shallow groundwater and its quality that have occurred in the last decade in an agriculturally used, heavily populated and characterized by a complex geological structure, catchment of the Stara Rzeka river, located in the flysch part of the Outer Carpathians. Water samples were collected during 2013 from 19 still operating wells. Analyses of pH, electrolytic conductivity and chemical composition by ion chromatography were conducted. The obtained results were compared with the results of studies conducted in 2003 for the same wells. The quality of groundwater and its suitability for consumption was assessed based on the regulations currently existing in Poland. 21% of the wells still do not meet the requirements for drinking water in terms of at least one component. However, there was a decrease in the concentration of mineral forms of nitrogen and phosphorus in most of the wells and their mean concentration as compared to 2003 was reduced. In terms of physical and chemical characteristics groundwater of this region is typical of the hypergenic zone of the temperate climate. The highest concentrations were observed for Ca²⁺ and HCOˉ₃ - ions, while K⁺ and Clˉ were characterized by the largest variability. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) demonstrated that the factors determining the quality and chemical composition of the analyzed waters include the composition of bedrock (mineralogy of the rock environment) and human economic activity, and that they have not been significantly changed over the past decade.

PL

Celem opracowania jest zbadanie zmian składu chemicznego płytkich wód podziemnych i ich jakości jakie zaszły w ostatnim dziesięcioleciu w użytkowanej rolniczo, silnie zaludnionej, cechującej się skomplikowaną budową geologiczną zlewni Starej Rzeki, położonej we fliszowych Karpatach Zewnętrznych. W 2013 roku z 19 nadal użytkowanych studni pobrano próbki wody i poddano je analizie pH, przewodnictwa elektrolitycznego właściwego oraz składu chemicznego metodą chromatografii jonowej. Uzyskane wyniki porównano z wynikami badań z 2003 roku dla tych samych studni. Jakość wody podziemnej i jej przydatność do spożycia przez ludzi oceniono na podstawie obowiązujących w Polsce przepisów. 21% studni nadal nie spełnia wymogów stawianych wodzie do picia w zakresie przynajmniej jednego składnika, jednakże zaobserwowano spadek stężenia mineralnych form azotu i fosforu w większości studni oraz zmniejszenie się ich stężenia średniego w stosunku do 2003 r. Pod względem cech fizycznych i chemicznych wody podziemne tego regionu są typowe dla strefy hipergenicznej klimatu umiarkowanego. Najwyższe stężenia miały jony Ca²⁺ i HCOˉ₃-, a najwyższą zmiennością cechowały się natomiast jony K⁺ i Clˉ. Analiza składowych głównych (PCA) dowiodła, że czynnikami decydującymi o jakości i składzie chemicznym wód są skład podłoża skalnego oraz gospodarcza działalność człowieka i nie uległy one znaczącym zmianom w minionym dziesięcioleciu.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

water quality; water pollution; wells; multivariate statistical methods

PL

jakość wody; zanieczyszczenie wody; studnie; wielowymiarowe metody statystyczne

• Wydawca: Institute of Environmental Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences
• Czasopismo: Archives of Environmental Protection
• Rocznik: 2019
• Tom: Vol. 45, no. 1
• Strony: 19--25
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 38 poz., rys., tab., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Bojarczuk Anna

• Jagiellonian University, Faculty of Geography and Geology, Institute of Geography and Spatial Management, Poland

autor

Jelonkiewicz Ewelina

• Jagiellonian University, Faculty of Geography and Geology, Institute of Geography and Spatial Management, Poland

autor

Jelonkiewicz Łukasz

• Jagiellonian University, Faculty of Geography and Geology, Institute of Geography and Spatial Management, Poland

autor

Lenart-Boroń Anna

• University of Agriculture in Krakow, Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, Poland

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Uwagi

Opracowanie rekordu w ramach umowy 509/P-DUN/2018 ze środków MNiSW przeznaczonych na działalność upowszechniającą naukę (2019).