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Nuclear power plants benefit from a sophisticated and comprehensive safety regime that has been established over the years. However, the security regime for nuclear power plants is far less developed than the safety regime. Although adopting (and adapting) certain elements of the nuclear safety regime could significantly strengthen the nuclear security regime, at least four challenges are likely to surface: national sovereignty, information transparency, lack of policy consensus, and challenges of regime harmonization. Seek an optimal balance between mandatory international standards and voluntary actions and endorse consideration of additional binding and non-binding international safety and security requirements.
Słowa kluczowe
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
9--20
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 35 poz., rys., tab.
Twórcy
autor
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz, Salzgitter, Germany
autor
- Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz, Salzgitter, Germany
Bibliografia
- [1] Asplund, F. (2012). Safety and Tool Integration, A System-Theoretic Process Analysis, TRITA– MMK 2012:01.
- [2] Berg, H. P. (2010). Risk based safety management to enhance technical safety and safety culture. Transactions ENC 2010 – European Nuclear Conference.
- [3] Berg, H.P. & Kopisch, C. (2013). Safety culture and its influence on safety. Journal of KONBiN 23, 1, 17-28.
- [4] Bundesministerium für Umwelt, Naturschutz und Reaktorsicherheit (BMU). (2013). Richtlinie für den Schutz von IT-Systemen in kerntechnischen Anlagen und Einrichtungen der Sicherungskategorien I und II gegen Störmaßnahmen oder sonstige Einwirkungen Dritter (SEWD-Richtlinie IT). Announcement of July 8th, GMBl, 36, 711. (without text).
- [5] Bunn, M. (2012). Strengthening global approaches to nuclear security. International Conference on Nuclear Security: Enhancing Global Efforts - International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, July 1, 2013.
- [6] Bunn, M. & Harrell, E. (2013). Threat Perceptions and Changes in Nuclear Security around the World: Results of a Survey, Project on Managing the Atom. Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass.
- [7] Dapas, M.L. (2012). An integrated approach to managing the safety / security interface. International Regulators Conference on Nuclear Security, Rockville, Maryland, USA, December 4 - 6.
- [8] Department of Homeland Security (2011). Cyber Security Evaluation Tool (CSET), Performing a Self-Assessment, Washington, DC, USA.
- [9] Howsley, R. (2012). Best practices in nuclear security and the role of the World Institute for Nuclear Security (WINS). 2012 Seoul Nuclear Industry Summit.
- [10] International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). (2007). IAEA Safety Glossary: Terminology Used in Nuclear Safety and Radiation Protection. Vienna, Austria.
- [11] International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). (2008). Nuclear Security Culture. Nuclear Security Series,7, Vienna, Austria.
- [12] International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). (2011). Computer Security at Nuclear Facilities – Reference Manual, IAEA Nuclear Security Series, 17, Technical Guidance, Vienna, Austria.
- [13] International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). (2011). Nuclear Security Recommendations on Physical protection of Nuclear Material and Nuclear Facilities (INFCIRC/225/Revision 5). IAEA Nuclear Security Series, 13, Vienna, Austria.
- [14] International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). (2013). Regulatory Oversight of Safety Culture in Nuclear Installations. IAEA-TECDOC-1707, IAEA, Vienna, Austria.
- [15] International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). (2013). Threat assessment and risk-informed approach for implementation of nuclear security measures for nuclear and other radioactive material out of regulatory control. Nuclear Security Series, Draft.
- [16] International Electrotechnical Commission. (2009). Nuclear power plants – Instrumentation and control systems important to safety – Classification of instrumentation and control functions. IEC 61226, Ed. 3.0.
- [17] International Electrotechnical Commission. (2011). Nuclear power plants – Instrumentation and control systems important to safety – General requirements. IEC 61513, Ed. 2.0.
- [18] International Electrotechnical Commission. (2013). Nuclear power plants – Instrumentation and control systems important to safety – Requirements for coordinating safety and security., IEC 62859, Committee draft 1, under development.
- [19] International Nuclear Safety Advisory Group (INSAG). (2002). Key Practical Issues in Strengthening Safety Culture. INSAG-15, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria.
- [20] International Nuclear Safety Advisory Group (INSAG). (2010). The Interface between Safety and Security at Nuclear Power Plants. INSAG-24, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria.
- [21] Khripunov, I. & Kim, D. (2011). Nature and malice: confronting multiple hazards to nuclear power infrastructure. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists.
- [22] Khripunov, I. & Kim, D. (2011). Time to think safety-security. The Korea Times.
- [23] Kim, D. & Kang, J. (2012). Where nuclear safety and security meet. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists 68, 1, 86-93.
- [24] Kuperman, A.J. & Kirkham, L. (2013). Protecting U.S. Nuclear Facilities from Terrorist Attack: Reassessing the Current “Design Basis Threat” Approach. Institute of Nuclear Materials Management 54th Annual Meeting, Palm Desert, CA.
- [25] Luongo, K., Squassoni, S. & Wit, J. (2011). Integrating Nuclear Safety and Security: Policy Recommendations. Center for Strategic and International Studies.
- [26] National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) (2012). Guide for Conducting Risk Assessments. NIST Special Publication 800-30, Revision 1.
- [27] Schoitsch, E. & Bleier, T. (2013). Safety vs. Security. Available: www.fh-campuswien.ac.at/ index.php?downloadSemantec Security Response (2011). W32.Stuxnet Dossier, Version 1.4.
- [28] Song, Y. (2012). Applying system-theoretic accident model and processes (STAMP) to hazard analysis. Thesis.
- [29] Squassoni, S. (2012). Nuclear safety and security. 2012 Seoul Nuclear Security Summit.
- [30] Thomas, J. (2012). Extending and Automating a Systems-Theoretic Hazard Analysis for Requirements Generation and Analysis. Sandia Report SAND2012-4080.
- [31] World Institute for Nuclear Security (WINS). (2009). Nuclear Security Culture: A WINS Best Practices Guide for Your Organization.
- [32] World Institute for Nuclear Security (WINS) (2011). An Integrated Approach to Nuclear Safety and Nuclear Security, International Best Practice Guide.
- [33] World Institute for Nuclear Security (WINS) (2011). Time for an Integrated Approach to Nuclear Risk Management, Governance and Safety/Security/Emergency Arrangements.
- [34] Young, W. & Leveson, N.G. (2014). Inside risks, an integrated approach to safety and security based on systems theory. Communications of the ACM, 57, 2, 31-35.
- [35] Woo, T.H. (2013). System thinking safety analysis: nuclear security assessment of physical protection system in nuclear power plants. Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations, Hindawi Publishing.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
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