Effect of Adding 5-Aminotetrazole to a Modified U.S. ArmyTerephthalic Acid White Smoke Composition

• Autorzy: Glück J. , Klapötke T. M. , Shaw A. P.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.22211/cejem/76843

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Military visible obscuration compositions (obscurants, smokes) play an important role on today’s battlefield. For many years, the known toxicity or ageing problems of established formulations were commonly accepted since there was a lack of alternatives. Since the U.S. Army stopped producing the AN-M8 hexachloroethane (HC) smoke grenade, the M83 terephthalic acid (TA) smoke grenade has been used in its place. This cool-burning, less toxic, but also low efficiency white smoke formulation cannot compete with HC-based formulations in terms of obscuration performance. In this context, we have explored the use of 5-aminotetrazole (5-AT) as an additive and fuel in the known TA system. Remarkably, it has been found that sugar is not necessarily required in the formulations, which has implications for the future improvement of sublimation-condensation smoke compositions, including coloured smoke compositions. In small-scale tests, it was found that replacing sucrose with 5-AT in the formulations resulted in significantly improved smoke persistence.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

obscurants; smokes; battlefield; smoke grenade

• Wydawca: Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
• Czasopismo: Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
• Rocznik: 2017
• Tom: Vol. 14, no. 3
• Strony: 489--500
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 20 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Glück J.

• Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilian University Butenandtstraße 5-13 (D), 81377 Munich, Germany

autor

Klapötke T. M.

• Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilian University Butenandtstraße 5-13 (D), 81377 Munich, Germany

autor

Shaw A. P.

• U.S. Army RDECOM-ARDEC, Pyrotechnics Technology Division, Picatinny Arsenal, New Jersey, 07806, USA

Bibliografia

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