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ETS prices and renewable energy sources share in the energy mix - example of Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia

Autorzy
Gomółka Krystyna , Kasprzak Piotr
Treść / Zawartość
Pełne teksty:
Kasprzak_Gomolka_ETS_3_24.pdf
Identyfikatory
DOI
10.34659/eis.2024.90.3.844
Warianty tytułu
PL
Ceny ETS i udział odnawialnych źródeł energii w miksie energetycznym – przykład Litwy, Łotwy i Estonii
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
ETS (CO2 Emissions Trading Scheme) is one of the mechanisms that allow for controlling and striving to reduce greenhouse gas emissions worldwide. However, it is also another cost for CO2 emission producers, affecting the final price of energy. The aim of the article is to enrich the discussion by explaining the relationship between ETS prices and the level of share of renewable energy sources in the overall energy mix of the countries selected for analysis (Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia). The research covered the period 2000-2022. It was conducted using the following methods: literature studies, descriptive analysis of statistical data and deduction. The analysis led to the conclusions: the increase in CO2 emission allowance prices (ETS) forced a change in energy policy in Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia. In 2008, the ETS price was EUR 25/tonne of CO2, while in 2023, it was around EUR 50/tonne of CO2. An increase in the share of renewable energy sources was noted in the analysed countries. In Lithuania, wind, solar, and biomass energy are the most developed, while in Latvia, further investments were made in hydroelectric power plants. The situation was the worst in Estonia, from the development point of view, as solar and wind power plants were developed to a small extent. In 2000, the share of renewable energy in the overall energy mix was for Estonia: at less than 1%, Lithuania at around 3%, and Latvia at 68%. In 2022, under the influence of ETS fees, the renewable energy source indicator increased for: Estonia: to 45%, Lithuania: 74.7%, Latvia 72% in the overall energy mix.
PL
TS (CO2 Emissions Trading Scheme) jest jednym z mechanizmów pozwalających kontrolować i dążyć do redukcji emisji gazów cieplarnianych na świecie. Stanowi jednak również kolejny koszt dla producentów emisji CO2, wpływający na ostateczną cenę energii. Celem artykułu jest wzbogacenie dyskusji o wyjaśnienie zależności między cenami ETS a poziomem udziału odnawialnych źródeł energii w ogólnym miksie energetycznym wybranych do analizy krajów (Litwa, Łotwa, Estonia). Badania objęły okres 2000-2022. Przeprowadzono je z użyciem metod: studiów literaturowych, deskryptywnej analizy danych statystycznych oraz dedukcji. Przeprowadzona analiza doprowadziła do wniosków: wzrost cen uprawnień do emisji CO2 wymusił zmianę polityki w zakresie źródeł energii na Litwie, Łotwie i w Estonii. Odnotowano wzrost udziału odnawialnych źródeł energii w analizowanych krajach. W 2000 r. udział energii odnawialnej w ogólnym miksie wynosił dla Estonii: mniej niż 1%, dla Litwy około 3%, dla Łotwy 68%. W 2022 r. wskaźnik ten wynosił dla Estonii: 45%, dla Litwy: 74.7%, dla Łotwy 72%. Kraje te spełniają minimalny udział energii odnawialnej w ogólnym miksie energetycznym wymagany przez UE.
Słowa kluczowe
EN
PL
Wydawca
Polskie Stowarzyszenie Ekonomistów Środowiska i Zasobów Naturalnych
Czasopismo
Economics and Environment
Rocznik
2024
Tom
No. 3
Strony
art. no. 844
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 69 poz., tab., wykr.
Twórcy
autor
Gomółka Krystyna
  • Department of Eastern Studies, Faculty of Management and Economics, Gdańsk University of Technology
autor
Kasprzak Piotr
Pkasprzak@zie.pg.gda.pl
  • Department of Finance, Faculty of Management and Economics, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gabriela Narutowicza Street 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
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