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Simplified model for calculation of clutters caused by wind turbines

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Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
metallic parts. Based on the assumption that only moving, metallic parts of a turbine cause echoes indelible by standard filtering used in radar signal preprocessing, a method of preliminary evaluation of such maximum potential clutters was developed. The method takes into account how great a part of a turbine is really illuminated by a radar beam and for this part calculates a RCS (Radar Cross Section) and its equivalent radar reflectivity. A very detailed description of the model is given in this article in order for it to be easy to implement in any calculation system. Discussion of the influence of the main simplifications assumed in this model, as well as a comparison of the theoretical results with example data in operational mode of radar work, are included in this article.
Twórcy
autor
  • Institute of Meteorology and Water Management – National Research Institute, Podleśna 61, 01-673 Warsaw, Poland
autor
  • Institute of Meteorology and Water Management – National Research Institute, Podleśna 61, 01-673 Warsaw, Poland
Bibliografia
  • 1. Angulo I., Grande O., Jenn D., Guerra D., de la Vega D., 2015, Estimating reflectivity values from wind turbines for analyzing the potential impact on weather radar services, Atmospheric Measurements Techniques, 8, 2183-2193, DOI: 10.5194/amt-8-2183-2015
  • 2. Bobillot G., Rasoanaivo L., Nguyen P., Chaumette E., Fargette P., Petex J.-F., Langlet S., 2012, SiPRÉ, a software simulator of the perturbation of radars by wind turbines, [in:] Proceedings of ERAD 2012, Toulouse, 24-29 June, available at http://www.meteo.fr/cic/meetings/2012/ERAD/extended_ abs/SP_042_ext_abs.pdf (data access 23.02.2017)
  • 3. Cameron A., 2011, “Stealth Blades” Get Turbines Under the Radar, Renewable Energy World, News, 23 November, available at: http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/articles/print/special-supplement-wind-technology/volume-1/issue-5/windpower/stealth-blades-get-turbines-under-the-radar.html (data access 23.02.2017)
  • 4. Crispin Jr. J.W., 2013, Methods of radar cross-section analysis, Elsevier, 440 pp.
  • 5. Danoon L., El-Makadema A., Brown A., 2014, On the integration of lightning protection with stealth coated wind turbine blades, Wind Energy, 17 (10), 1577-1585; DOI: 10.1002/ we.1652
  • 6. Doviak R.J., Zrnič D.S., 2006, Doppler radar and weather observations, 2nd edition, Dover Books on Engineering, Dover Publications, 562 pp.
  • 7. Greving G., Malkomes M., 2006, On the concept of the radar cross section RCS of distorting objects like wind turbines for the weather radar, [in:] Proceedings of ERAD 2006, available at https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/On-theConcept-of-the-Radar-Cross-Section-RCS-of-Greving-Malk omes/9cbb9aea3411ae344b90e634ac9d124d90de9c41 (data access 23.02.2017)
  • 8. Meeus J., 1999, Astronomical algorithms, 2nd edition,WillmanBell Inc., 477 pp. Met Office, 2012, Safeguarding our observations.
  • 9. Met Office guidelines for wind farm developers: meteorological radar and other technical sites used for meteorology, available at: http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/media/pdf/9/b/Safeguarding_ our_Observations_Met_Office_guidelines_for_wind_farm_ developers_April_2012_v1.pdf (data access 23.02.2017)
  • 10. NOAA, 2015, How the ROC analyses wind turbine siting proposals, NOAA’s National Weather Service, Radar Operational Center, available at http://www.roc.noaa.gov/WSR88D/ WindFarm/Analyses.aspx?wid=dev (data access 23.02.2017)
  • 11. OPERA, 2010, Statement of the OPERA group on the cohabitation between weather radars and wind turbines, Deliverable OPERA_2010_14
  • 12. SELEX ES, 2015, GDRX® Signal Processing. User Manual, Document Release 4.2 manual by SELEX ES GmbH, GEMA-SD-0104-0116-0042
  • 13. CSZH, 2014, Electromagnetic performance analysis report (CSZH-C-6.5), Shanghai Zhihe FRP Co., Ltd.; CSZH Serial No. 1412
  • 14. DoD, 2006, The effect of windmill farms on military readiness, Report to the Congressional Defense Committees, US Department of Defense, USA, 62 pp.
  • 15. WMO, 2010, Commission for Instruments and Methods of Observation. Fifteenth session, Annex VI, WMO-No. 1064, available at https://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/www/CIMO/ CIMO15-WMO1064/1064_en.pdf (data access 23.02.2017)
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-73516bdb-5331-4edd-9f18-c0043f4c6727
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