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In this article, waste fibres from the recycling tire process with a different percentage of addition (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5) were mixed to increase their tensile strength, tear resistance, and bending resistance with natural rubber NR. The effect of short fiber on composite mechanical properties was investigated. Despite substantial research on the mechanical characteristics of rubber products reinforced with fiber waste, the experimental work focused on identifying precursory physical mechanisms that are responsible for fracture behavior during tests and structural monitoring. The findings reveal that milling and vulcanization conditions have a significant role in enhancing mechanical characteristics. The waste fibres and natural rubber provide strong interfacial adhesion during two rolls of milling and vulcanization at 140°C. Waste fiber may boost the tensile strength of a composite material by up to 7.5% of waste fiber, with a slight decrease at 10% and 12.5%. The flexing test findings showed that adding fiber to the recipe improved it by up to 7.5% before gradually degrading, and it is obvious that the recipes' tear resistance improves in comparison to the basic recipe. The discoveries have the potential to increase the tensile strength, tear resistance, and flexing resistance of industrially manufactured rubber conveyor belts, which are important physical properties in engineering applications.
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Tom
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art. no. 2024203
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 32 poz., rys., tab.
Twórcy
autor
- AL-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Babylon Technical Institute, Iraq
autor
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Iraq
autor
- Department of Physics, College of Education for Pure Sciences, University of Babylon, Iraq
Bibliografia
- 1. Derouet D, Intharapat P, Tran Q, Gohier F. Graft copolymers of natural rubber and poly(dimethyl(acryloyloxymethyl)phosphonate) (NR-g-PDMAMP) or poly(dimethyl(methacryloyloxyethyl)phosphonate) (NR-g-PDMMEP) from photopolymerization in latex medium. European Polymer Journal 2009; 45(3): 820-836 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2008.11.044.
- 2. Adeosun BF. Mechanical and rheological properties of natural rubber composites reinforced with agricultural wastes. Nigerian Journals of Polymer Science and Technology 2000; 1(2): 58-62.
- 3. Sobhy M, El-Nashar D, Maziad N. Cure Characteristics and Physicomechanical Properties of Calcium Carbonate Reinforcement Rubber Composites. Egypt. J. Sol. 2023; 26(1): 26.
- 4. Abd-Ali NK, Farhan MM, Hassan NY. Improvement of mechanical properties of the rubbery part in cement packing system using new rubber materials, Journal of Engineering Science and Technology 2021; 16(2): 1601-1613.
- 5. Hassani S, Mousavi M, Gandomi AH. Structural Health Monitoring in Composite Structures: A Comprehensive Review. Sensors 2022; 22(1): 153. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22010153.
- 6. Ahmad A, Mohd DH, Abdullah I, Mechanical properties of filled NR/LLDPE blends. Iranian Polymer Journal 2003; 13(3): 173-178.
- 7. Abd-Ali NK. The effect of cure activator zinc oxide nanoparticles on the mechanical behavior of polyisoprene rubber. Journal of Engineering Science and Technology 2020; 15(3): 2051-2061.
- 8. Igwe IO, Ejim AA. Studies on mechanical and end-use properties of natural rubber filled with snail shell powder. Materials Sciences and Application 2011; 2: 802-810.
- 9. Osabohien E, Egboh SHO. Cure characteristics and physico-mechanical properties of natural rubber filled with the seed shells of cherry (Chrysophyllum Albidum). Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 2010; 11(2): 11. https://doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v11i2.54983.
- 10. Al-Maamori M, Al-nesrawy S. Effect of mixture of Reclaimed tire and Carbon Black Percent on the Mechanical properties of SBR/NR blends. International Journal of Advanced Research 2014; 2: 234-43.
- 11. Phrommedetch S, Pattamaprom C. Compatibility improvement of rice husk and bagasse ashes with natural rubber by molten-state maleation. European Journal of Scientific Research 2010; 43: 411-6.
- 12. Egwaikhide PA, Akporhonor E, Okieimen F. Effect of coconut fibre filler on the cure characteristics, physiomechanical and swelling properties of natural rubber vulcanisates. International Journal of Physical Sciences 2007; 2: 39-46.
- 13. John M, Thomas S, Varughese K. Mechanical properties of sisal/oil palm hybrid fiber reinforced natural rubber composites. Composites Science and Technology 2004; 64: 955-65. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0266-3538(03)00261-6.
- 14. Nicola C, Mariia R, Giuseppe C. Numerical and experimental investigation of probeless friction stir spot welding of a multilayer aluminium alloy compound. Science and Technology of Welding and Joining 2023; 28(8). https://doi.org/10.1080/13621718.2023.2193460.
- 15. Abd-Ali N. A new reinforcement material for rubber compounds (Sediment dust nanoparticles and white ceminte). 2018: 163-8. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISCES.2018.8340547.
- 16. Lovely M, Joseph K U, Joseph R. Swelling behaviour of isora/natural rubber composites in oils used in automobiles. Bulletin of Materials Science 2006; 29(1): 91-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02709362.
- 17. Rajan VV, Dierkes WK, Joseph R, Noordermeer JWM. Science and technology of rubber reclamation with special attention to NR based waste latex products. Progress in polymer science 2006; 31(9): 811-34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2006.08.003.
- 18. Zehetbauer T, Plöckinger A, Emminger C, Çakmak UD. Mechanical Design and Performance Analyses of a Rubber-Based Peristaltic Micro-Dosing Pump. Actuators 2021; 10(8): 198. https://doi.org/10.3390/act10080198.
- 19. Madeh AR, Abd-Ali NK. The dynamic response of doubly curved shell under effect of environment sustainable temperature. AIP Conference Proceedings 2023; 2776(1): 050014. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0137247.
- 20. Ostad Movahed S, Ansarifar A, Estagy S. Review of the reclaiming of rubber waste and recent work on the recycling of ethylene-propylene-diene rubber waste. Rubber Chemistry and Technology 2016; 89: 54-78.
- 21. Dandapat S, Das S, Pramanik S. Dynamic Analysis of Simply Supported Functionally Graded Plates. ASPS Conference Proceedings 2022; 1(1): 45-50. https://doi.org/10.38208/acp.v1.470.
- 22. Shiyekar SM, Awari A. Static stress analysis of functionally graded cylindrical stiffened shells. ASPS Conference Proceedings 2022; 1(6): 1847-52. https://doi.org/10.38208/acp.v1.727.
- 23. Mahdi RA, Abd-Ali NK. Performance characteristics of some rubber recipes reinforced with scrap fibers and crumb rubber. AIP Conference Proceedings 2023; 2776(1): 060006. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0136287.
- 24. Bignozzi MC, Saccani A, Sandrolini F. New polymer mortars containing polymeric wastes. Part 1. Microstructure and mechanical properties. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 2000; 31(2): 97-106. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-835X(99)00063-9.
- 25. Yang B, Ginsburg S, Li W, Vilela MM, Shahmohammadi M, Takoudis CG, i in. Effect of nano-ceramic coating on surface property and microbial adhesion to poly(methyl methacrylate). Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part B, Applied Biomaterials 2023; 111(8): 1480-7. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.b.35247.
- 26. Czvikovszky T, Hargitai H. Electron beam surface modifications in reinforcing and recycling of polymers. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B 1997; 131: 300-4. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-583X(97)00153-5.
- 27. Landi D, Marconi M, Meo I, Germani M. Reuse scenarios of tires textile fibers: an environmental evaluation. Procedia Manufacturing 2018; 21: 329-36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2018.02.128.
- 28. Osabohien E, Egboh SHO. Cure Characteristics and physico-mechanical properties of natural rubber filled with the seed shells of cherry (Chrysophyllum albidum). Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 2007;11(2) https://doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v11i2.54983.
- 29. Mahdi, R.A., Abd-Ali, N.K., Design improvement of rolling barriers safety using tire recycling process waste. Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, 2023,18(2), pp.1124-1136.
- 30. Fahem A, Kidane A. Hybrid Computational and Experimental Approach to Identify the Dynamic Initiation Fracture Toughness at High Loading Rate. 2018: 141-6. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62956-8_24.
- 31. Fahem A, Kidane A. A general approach to evaluate the dynamic fracture toughness of materials. 2017: 185-94.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41132-3_26.
- 32. Fahem A, Kidane A. Modification of benthem solution for mode i fracture of cylinder with spiral crack subjected to torsion. 2018: 57-63. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95879-8_10.
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Bibliografia
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