Lekkie, przeciwzużyciowe materiały funkcjonalne na bazie stopów aluminium

• Autorzy: Kaczmarek Ł.
• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

PL

Niniejsza monografia stanowi zbiór wyników badań oraz przemyśleń autora, stanowiących jego wkład w dziedzinę inżynierii materiałowej, dotyczący zastosowania nowatorskiej metody, łączącej w jednej operacji obróbkę cieplną stopów aluminium wraz z procesem osadzania niskotarciowych i przeciwzużyciowych powłok gradientowych. Obejmuje ona możliwości sterowania rozdrobnieniem i/lub wytworzeniem rdzeniowych faz utwardzających w stopach aluminium 7075 oraz 2024 w trakcie osadzania powłok metodami RFCVD, RFPACVD oraz PLD, z uwzględnieniem wpływu ich budowy molekularnej na adhezję oraz właściwości tribologiczne. Dodatkowo przedstawiony został wpływ między operacyjnej obróbki plastycznej na wielkość i rozkład naprężeń własnych w warstwie wierzchniej materiału poddanego dwustopniowej obróbce cieplnej. Część pierwsza monografii obejmuje rozdziały 1-3 i zawiera opis metod poprawy właściwości mechanicznych stopów aluminium poprzez modyfikację składu chemicznego, zastosowania obróbki plastycznej oraz ich połączenia z uwzględnieniem opisu warunków koniecznych do wytworzenia utwardzających wydzieleń rdzeniowych. W tym etapie badań skupiono się również na różno¬rodnych metodach modyfikacji warstwy wierzchniej stopów aluminium pod kątem poprawy ich właściwości tribologicznych, przy szczególnym uwzględnie¬niu ich wad. W drugiej części, w rozdziałach 5-7, przedstawiono autorskie wyniki badań dotyczące doboru parametrów starzenia komercyjnych stopów aluminium 7075 oraz 2024 (czasu i wartości temperatury poszczególnych etapów starzenia), które to parametry stanowią warunki brzegowe osadzania niskotarciowych i przeciw-zużyciowych powłok. W rozdziale 5 zaprezentowano wyniki badań dotyczące doboru parametrów dwustopniowego starzenia pod kątem możliwości sterowania wielkością tworzących się wydzieleń, a także ich morfologii. Dodatkowo zbadano wpływ warunków procesu dwustopniowego starzenia na możliwość tworzenia utwardza¬jących faz rdzeniowych w fazie ciągłej a aluminium stopu 2024. Wykazano różnice w składzie chemicznym rdzenia i powłoki wydzieleń utwardzających, a co za tym idzie we właściwościach mechanicznych, co ma bezpośredni wpływ na polepszenie właściwości materiału. W przypadku obecności faz rdzeniowych obserwuje się równoczesny wzrost wytrzymałości na zerwanie wraz ze wzrostem wydłużenia przy zrywaniu. W rozdziale 6 przeanalizowano wpływ powierzchniowej obróbki plastycznej -kulowania na kinetykę procesów starzeniowych z uwzględnieniem rozkładu naprężeń własnych oraz mikrotwardości w warstwie wierzchniej badanych stopów aluminium 7075 oraz 2024. W rozdziale 7, w oparciu o parametry dwustopniowego starzenia określone w rozdziale 5, przeprowadzono procesy osadzania gradientowych powłok niskotarciowych i przeciwzużyciowych, z uwzględnieniem fizykochemicznej modyfikacji podłoża pod kątem możliwości polepszenia ich adhezji. W tym przypadku skorelowano budowę molekularną wytworzonych powłok na bazie węgla i/lub krzemu, modyfikowanych wodorem z właściwościami tribologicznymi oraz adhezją do podłoża. Praca zakończona jest rozdziałami 8 i 9, które stanowią podsumowanie opracowanej technologii, dotyczącej wytworzenia lekkich, funkcjonalnych materiałów przeciwzużyciowych i niskotarciowych odpornych na zmęczenie stykowe. Zwrócono także szczególną uwagę na wiążącą w swym założeniu możliwość równoczesnego przebiegu zjawisk wydzieleniowych w podłożu wraz z procesami kreowania Technologicznej Warstwy Wierzchniej, charakteryzu¬jącej się zarówno niskim współczynnikiem tarcia, wysoką odpornością na zużycie, jak i podwyższoną odpornością na zmęczenie stykowe.

EN

The monograph, based on the author’s original research and ideas, is his contribution to the discipline of materials science and engineering. It concerns the application of an innovative method that combines into a single operation heat treatment of aluminum alloys and deposition of low friction wear resistant gradient coatings. It explores possibilities of exerting control over dispersion and/or generation of core shell hardening phases in aluminum alloys 7075 and 2024 during the deposition of coatings by RFCVD, RFPACVD and PLD methods while taking into consideration how their molecular structure affects their adhesive and tribological properties. Additionally, the relation between interoperation plastic forming and internal stress pattern and intensity in the surface layer of samples subject to two-step heat-treating is examined. Chapters 1 to 3 constitute the first part of the monograph where methods of enhancing mechanical properties of aluminum alloys by modification of their chemical composition, plastic forming, and a combination of the two while accounting for the necessary conditions for generation of core shell hardening precipitates are described. The chapters also contain a detailed discussion of various methods of altering the surface layer of aluminum alloys to improve their tribological behaviour. Drawbacks of each one are also analyzed. In the second part of the treatise, that is in Chapters 5 through 7, the results of original research are reported that involved selecting of parameters of age-hardening of commercial aluminum alloys 7075 and 2024 (time and value of temperature for consecutive stages of aging). These parameters constitute boundary conditions for deposition of low friction wear resistant coatings. In Chapter 5, the results of research are presented that focused on selecting parameters of two-step age hardening according to their ability to enable control over the size of produced precipitates as well as according to their morphology. Moreover, the influence of conditions of the two-step age hardening process on generation of core shell hardening phases in the a aluminum continuous medium of the 2024 alloy was examined. Differences were found in chemical composition of the core and coating of the hardening precipitates, and therefore in mechanical properties, which has a direct influence on the enhancement of the properties of the sample. Whenever core shell phases were present, tensile strength and ultimate elongation increased. Chapter 6, accounts for the influence that surface plastic forming, - shot peening in this case, has over the dynamics of age hardening processes considering, at the same time, internal stress patterns and hardness of the surface layer of the examined 7075 and 2024 aluminum alloys. In Chapter 7, the parameters of the two-step age hardening defined in Chapter 5 are used in depositing low friction wear resistant gradient coatings, while taking into account physicochemical modification of the substrate, with a view to enhancing their adhesive properties. For these purposes, molecular structure of the produced hydrogen-modified carbon- and silicon-based coatings was correlated with tribological properties and adhesion to the substrate. Chapters 8 and 9 serve as a final summary description of the developed technology that enables production of light and functional low friction anti-wear materials resistant to contact fatigue. Special attention is drawn to the assumed, and as such binding, possibility of simultaneous co-occurrence of precipitation in the substrate with the production process of the Technological Surface Layer, characterized by low friction coefficient, high wear resistance as well as enhanced resistance to contact fatigue. Chapters 8 and 9 serve as a final summary description of the developed technology that enables production of light and functional low friction anti-wear materials resistant to contact fatigue. Special attention is drawn to the assumed, and as such binding, possibility of simultaneous co-occurrence of precipitation in the substrate with the production process of the Technological Surface Layer, characterized by low friction coefficient, high wear resistance as well as enhanced resistance to contact fatigue.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

stopy aluminium; lekkie materiały konstrukcyjne; obróbka stopów aluminium

EN

aluminium alloys; light materials; aluminium alloy processing

• Wydawca: Wydawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej
• Czasopismo: Zeszyty Naukowe. Rozprawy Naukowe / Politechnika Łódzka
• Rocznik: 2013
• Tom: Z. 445
• Strony: 1--113
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 168 poz., il. kolor., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Kaczmarek Ł.

• Instytut Inżynierii Materiałowej Politechniki Łódzkiej

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