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This article deals with the effects of electrical discharge machining (EDM) on the chemical composition and microstructure of cast Alnico alloys, i.e., iron-based alloys composed of aluminum, nickel and cobalt. The experiments focused on determining the chemical composition of the surface layer before and after the EDM process. The microstructure of the material altered by the EDM was also examined. The study included measurement of the thickness of the white layer characteristic of EDM. It is evident that low values of the surface roughness parameters can be obtained by correctly selecting the EDM process parameters. The average surface roughness reported in the experiments was 1 μm. The surface roughness measurements were conducted with a Talysurf CCI lite non-contact profiler. The metrological results also indicate that lower surface roughness can be obtained at small discharge energies.
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
106--111
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 16 poz., il., tab., wykr.
Twórcy
autor
- Kielce University of Technology (Politechnika Świętokrzyska), Poland
autor
- Kielce University of Technology (Politechnika Świętokrzyska), Poland
autor
- Kielce University of Technology (Politechnika Świętokrzyska), Poland
Bibliografia
- [1] Alnico magnets. Retrived April 22, 2022, from https://magnesy.pl/magnesy-alnico.
- [2] Alnico. Retrived April 22, 2022, from https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alnico.
- [3] Bańkowski. D., Młynarczyk. P., Spadło. S., Sójka. R., Klamczyński, K. (2022). Tomographic testing of alnico alloys. Metal. In the 31st International Conference on Metallurgy and Materials, 18-19 May, 2022 (pp. 675-681), Brno, Czech Republic. https://doi.org/10.37904/metal. 2022.4507.
- [4] Bańkowski, D. & Młynarczyk, P. (2022). Influence of EDM process parameters on the surface finish of alnico alloys. Materials. 15(20), 7277, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15207277.
- [5] Retrived April 22, 2022, from https://pl.alegsaonline.com/art/2916
- [6] Maroufian, S.S. & Pillay, P. (2019). Design and analysis of a novel PM-assisted synchronous reluctance machine topology with AlNiCo magnets. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 55(5), 4733-4742. DOI: 10.1109/TIA.2019.2925784
- [7] Świercz, R. & Oniszczuk-Świercz, D. (2019). Investigation of the influence of reduced graphene oxide flakes in the dielectric on surface characteristics and material removal rate in EDM. Materials. 12(6), 943, 1-19. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12060943.
- [8] Bartkowiak, T., Mendak, M., Mrozek. K., Wieczorowski, M. Analysis of surface microgeometry created by electric discharge machining. Materials. 1996-1944. 13(17), 3830, 1-28. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13173830.
- [9] Świercz, R., Oniszczuk-Świercz, D. (2017). Influence of electrical discharge pulse energy on the surface integrity of tool steel 1.2713. In 26th International Conference on Metallurgy and Materials, 24-26 May 2017 (pp. 1450-1455), Ostrava: Tanger.
- [10] Han, F., Jiang, J. & Yu, D. (2007). Influence of discharge current on machined surfaces by thermoanalysis in finish cut of WEDM. International Journal of Machine Tools Manufacture. 47(7), 1187-1196. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2006.08.024.
- [11] Hyde, J.M., Cadet, L., Montgomery. J. & Brown. C.A. (2014). Multi-scale areal topographic analysis of surfaces created by micro-EDM and functional correlations with discharge energy. Surface Topography Metrology and Properties. 2(4), 045001, 1-9. DOI: 10.1088/2051-672X/2/4/045001.
- [12] Świercz, R., Oniszczuk-Świercz, D., Chmielewski, T. (2019). Multi-response optimization of electrical discharge machining using the desirability function. Micromachines. 10(1), 72, 1-25. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi10010072.
- [13] Jarosz, K., Nieslony, P., Loschner, P. (2019). Investigation of the effect of process parameters on surface roughness in EDM machining of ORVAR (R) supreme die steel. In Advances in Manufacturing Engineering and Materials. ICMEM 2018, 18-22, June 2018 (pp: 333-340). Novy Smokovec, Slovakia. DOI:10.1007/978-3-319-99353-9_36.
- [14] Tosun, N. & Pihtili, H. (2003). The effect of cutting parameters on wire crater sizes in wire EDM. International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology. 21, 857-865. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-002-1404-1.
- [15] Ozkavak, H.V., Sofu, M.M., Duman, B. & Bacak, S. (2021). Estimating surface roughness for different EDM processing parameters on Inconel 718 using GEP and ANN. CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology. 33, 306-314. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cirpj.2021.04.007.
- [16] Gostimirovic, M., Kovac, P. & Sekulic, M. (2012). Influence of discharge energy on machining characteristics in EDM. Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology. 26, 173-179. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-011-0922-x.
- [17] Mohanty, C.P., Mahapatra, S.S. & Singh, M.R. (2017). An intelligent approach to optimize the EDM process parameters using utility concept and QPSO algorithm. Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal. 20(2), 552-562. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jestch.2016.07.003.
- [18] Rajurkar, P., Levy, G., Malshe, A., Sundaram, M.M., McGeough, J., Hu, X., Resnick, R. & DeSilva, A. (2006). Micro and nano machining by electro-physical and chemical processes. CIRP Annals-Manufacturing Technology. 55(2), 643-666. DOI:10.1016/j.cirp.2006.10.002.
- [19] Masuzawa, T., Yamaguchi, M. & Fujino, M. (2005). Surface finishing of micropins produced by WEDG. CIRP Annals Manufacturing Technology. 54(1), 171-174. DOI:10.1016/S0007-8506(07)60076-6.
- [20] Guu, Y.H. (2005). AFM surface imaging of AISI D2 tool steel machined by the EDM process. Applied Surface Science. 242(3), 245-250. DOI:10.1016/j.apsusc.2004. 08.028.
- [21] Paczkowski, T. & Zdrojewski, J. (2016). The mechanism of ecm technology design for curvilinear surfaces. Procedia CIRP. 42, 356-361. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir. 2016.02.195.
- [22] Giridharan, A. & Samuel, G.L. (2015). Modeling and analysis of crater formation during wire electrical discharge turning (WEDT) process. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology. 77, 1229-1247. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-014-6540-x.
- [23] Dąbrowski, L. & Paczkowski, T. (2005). Computer simulation of two-dimensional electrolyte flow in electrochemical machining. Russian Jouranl of Elektrokhimiy. 41(1), 102-110.
- [24] Papazoglou, E.L., Karmiris-Obratanski, P., Karkalos, N.E., & Markopoulos, A.P. (2020). On the use of deformed geometry in EDM modelling: comparative study. Acta Physica Polonica. 138(2), 268-271. DOI: 10.12693/APhysPolA.138.268.
- [25] Bańkowski, D. & Spadło, S. (2019). The use of abrasive water jet cutting to remove flash from castings. Archives of Foundry Engineering. 19(3), 94-98, https://doi.org/10.24425/afe.2019.129617.
- [26] Szwed, B., Konieczny, M. (2016). Influence of bonding pressure on the dissimilar joints of titanium and stainless steel with an aluminum interlayer. In International Conference on Metallurgy and Materials METAL 2016, 25-27, May 2016 (pp: 1552-1557). Brno, Czech Republic.
- [27] Młynarczyk, P., Krajcarz, D., Bańkowski, D. (2017). The selected properties of the micro electrical discharge alloying process using tungsten electrode on aluminum. Procedia Engineering. 192, 603-608. DOI:10.1016/j.proeng.2017.06.104.
- [28] Czupryński, A., Poloczek, T. & Urbańczyk, M. (2022). Characterization of a new high abrasion and erosion resistance iron-based alloy for PTA hardfacing. International Journal of Modern Manufacturing Technologies. 14(1), 45-54. DOI:10.54684/ijmmt.2022.14.1.45.
- [29] Bańkowski, D., Krajcarz, D., & Młynarczyk, P. (2017). Deburring and smoothing the edges using vibro-abrasive machining. Procedia Engineering. 192, 28-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.06.005.
- [30] Adamczak, S., & Zmarzły, P. (2019). Research of the influence of the 2D and 3D surface roughness parameters of bearing raceways on the vibration level. Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 1183(1), 1-10. DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/1183/1/012001.
Uwagi
Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MEiN, umowa nr SONP/SP/546092/2022 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2022-2023)
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-71ddd35f-357b-4d3b-b849-c27e0927db36