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The city of Algiers (Algeria) is a highly seismic area, and therefore, soil liquefaction poses a major concern for structures resting on sandy soil. A campaign of 62 static penetration tests or cone penetrometer tests (CPT) was carried out on a site located in the commune of Dar El Beïda in Algiers. The soil Liquefaction Potential Index (LPI) values were assessed, for each borehole, based on the simplified procedure of Seed and Idriss. On the other hand, the geographic information system and geostatistical analysis were used to quantify the risk of soil liquefaction at the studied site. It is worth mentioning that the (LPI) was taken as a regionalized variable. In addition, the experimental variogram was modeled on the basis of a spherical model. Also, the interpolation of the LPI values in the unsampled locations was performed by the Kriging technique using both isotropic and anisotropic models. Kriging standard deviation maps were produced for both cases. The cross-validation showed that the anisotropic model exhibited a better fit for the interpolation of the values of the soil liquefaction potential. The results obtained indicated that a significant part of the soil is liable to liquefy, in particular in the northwestern region of the study area. The findings suggest that there is a proportional relationship between the risk of liquefaction and the increase or decrease in seismic acceleration.
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Tom
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155--168
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Bibliogr. 31 poz., rys., tab.
Twórcy
autor
- University of Tlemcen, RISAM Laboratory, Algeria
autor
- University of Tlemcen, Algeria
autor
- University of Tlemcen, Algeria
Bibliografia
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- [2] Benahchilif, s., Zendagui, J. (2016). Assessement of liquefaction in Boumerdes (Algeria) using reliability analysis. International Journal of GEOMATE, June, Vol. 10, Issue 22. 2002–2006.
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- [4] Bodaghabadi,B.(2018).Is it necessarily a normally distributed data for kriging? A case study: soil salinity map of Ghahab area, central Iran. Desert 23-2, 285–294.
- [5] Cardenas, G., Malherbe, L. (2003). Evaluation des incertitudes associées aux méthodes géostatistiques. Rapport LCSQA. Laboratoire central de surveillance de la qualité de l’air. L’institut national de l’environnement industriel et des risques (INERIS). France.
- [6] Chilès, J.P., Delfiner, P. (1999). Geostatistics: modeling spatial uncertainty. Wiley series in probability and statistics.
- [7] Cressie, N. (1993). Statistics for spatial data. Wiley _ Interscience, New York.
- [8] Despagne, W. (2006). Méthodes géostatistique pour l’interpolation et la modélisation en 2D/3D des données spatiales. Rapport de stage .université de Bretagne sud.
- [9] ESRI, (2003). Using ArcGIS Geostatistical Analyst, Esri Support.
- [10] ESRI, (2004). What is ArcGIS?, Esri support.
- [11] Iwasaki,T., Tatsuoka,F., Tokida,K.,Yasuda,S. (1978). A practical method for assessing soil liquefaction potential based on case studies at various sites in Japan. In: Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Microzonation, 885–896.
- [12] Iwasaki, T., Tokida, K., Tatsuoka, F.,Watanabe, S., Yasuda, S., Sato, H.(1982). Microzonation for soil liquefaction potential using simplified methods. Proceedings of 3rd International Earthquake Microzonation Conference, Seattle, 1319–1330.
- [13] Johari, A., Khodaparast, A.R. (2014). Analytical reliability assessment of liquefaction potential based on cone penetration test results. Scientia Iranica. Transactions A: Civil Engineering. 21(5), 1549–1565.
- [14] Johari, A., Khodaparast, A.R., Javadi,A.A (2018). An Analytical Approach to Probabilistic Modeling of Liquefaction Based on Shear Wave Velocity. Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions of Civil Engineering. 43 (Suppl 1):S263–S275
- [15] Johari,A., M. Khani,M., M.A. Hadianfard,M.A.,JavidSharifi,B. (2020). System reliability analysis for seismic site classification based on sequential Gaussian co-simulation: A case study in Shiraz, Iran, Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering 137.
- [16] Lenz JA, Baise LG. (2007). Spatial variability of liquefaction potential in regional mapping using CPT and SPT data. Soil Dyn Earthq Eng ; 27(7), 690–702.
- [17] Luna, R Frost, J.D. (1998). Spatial liquefaction analysis system. J Comput Civ Eng; 12(1), 48–56.
- [18] Matheron, G. (1962). Traité de géostatistique appliquée, Tome I. Mémoires du Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières, No. 14. Editions Technip, Paris.
- [19] Matheron,G.(1970). La théorie des variables régionalisées, et ses applications. Les cahiers du centre de morphologie mathématique de Fontainebleau,Fascicule 5.Ecole des mines de paris,Fontainebleau.
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- [21] Pokhrel, R.M., Kuwano, J., Tachibana, S. (2012). Geostatistical analysis for spatial evaluation of liquefaction potential in Saitama City. Lowland Technology International, vol. 14, No. 1, 45–51.
- [22] Pokhrel, R.M., Kuwano, J., Tachibana, S. (2013). A kriging method of interpolation used to map liquefaction potential over alluvial ground, Engineering Geology, Vol. 152, 26–37.
- [23] Robertson,PK., Wride,CE.(1998). Evaluating cyclic liquefaction potential using the cone penetration test. Can Geotech J; 35(3), 442–459.
- [24] Robertson, PK. (2009). Performance based earthquake design using the CPT. Proc IS-Tokyo, 3–20.
- [25] Roth, C. (1998). Is lognormal kriging suitable for local estimation ? Mathematical Geology, 30(8): 999–1009.
- [26] RPA (2003) Algerian building code, RPA99/2003, DTR-B.C.2.48, Ministry of Housing and Urban Planning, Algeria.
- [27] Seed, H. B., Idriss, I. M. (1971). Simplified procedure for evaluating soil liquefaction potential . J. Geotech. Engrg. Div., ASCE, 97(9), 1249–1273.
- [28] Sonmez, H., (2003). Modification of the liquefaction potential index and liquefaction susceptibility mapping for a liquefactionprone area (Inegol, Turkey). Environ. Geol., 44, 862–871.
- [29] Tang, H., and Chen, G. X. (2007) .Probabilistic evaluation of earthquake-induced liquefaction potential for large region site based on two-dimensional gis technique. ISGSR First International Symposium on Geotechnical Safety & Risk Oct. 18~19, 2007. Shanghai. Tongji University, China, 323–332.
- [30] Webster, R., Oliver, M. (2001). Geostatistics for Environmental Scientists Statistics in Practice. Wiley, Chicheste.
- [31] Youd, T.L.,Idriss,I.M., R.D.,Andrus, I. ,Arango, G., Castro, J.T., Christian, and al.(2001). Liquefaction resistance of soils summary report from the 1996 NCEER and 1998 NCEER/NSF workshops on evaluation of liquefaction resistance of soils. J Geotech Geoenviron Eng. 127(4), 297–213.
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Bibliografia
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