Stationary underwater channel experiment: Acoustic measurements and characteristics in the Bornholm area for model validations

• Autorzy: Nissen I. , Kochańska I.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The underwater acoustical channel is time-variant, and even on small time scales there is often existing no ‘acoustical frozen ocean’. Popular is the use of WSSUS-channel transmission modeling (Wide-Sense Stationary Uncorrelated Scattering) for the stochastic description of bandpass signals in GSM mobile phones with moving participants; since this results in a halved number of model parameters. For underwater sound applications such as detection, navigation and communication this approach provides limited a-priori-knowledge for adaptive algorithms with moving cooperative participants. The FWG of the WTD71 is collecting phase-accurate channel measurements from different sea areas in different time and application scenarios, with moving and stationary communication nodes since 2001. This paper presents a SIMO experiment from 2010, with a high precision continuous observation period of eleven hours using two stationary bottom nodes, mostly uncoupled from the influence of surface waves and from the sea floor. Transmitter and receiver node with a distance of two nautical miles between them were stationary installed on the bottom in shallow watersin the Bornholm Basin of the Baltic Sea. The sound speed has been measured continuously in the water column with a moving measurement chain. The question for this experiment was: Is the WSSUS-property fulfilled in water, when participants communicate motionless with negligible current, bottom influence and movements of the surface? The answer is: No, not in this experiment.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

underwater communications; stationary time; WSSUS indication

• Wydawca: Polskie Towarzystwo Akustyczne. Oddział Gdański
• Czasopismo: Hydroacoustics
• Rocznik: 2016
• Tom: Vol. 19
• Strony: 285--296
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 12 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Nissen I.

• Bundeswehr Technical Center for Ships and Naval Weapons, Naval Technology and Research (WTD 71), Research Department for Underwater Acoustics and Marine Geophysics (FWG) building, Kiel, Germany

autor

Kochańska I.

• Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics, Department of Marine Electronic Systems, Poland

Bibliografia

• [1] Lotfi A. Zadeh, Frequency Analysis of Variable Networks, Proceedings of the IRE, 38:291, 1950.
• [2] Thomas Kailath, Sampling Models for Linear Time-Variant Filters, Technical Report 352, MIT, 1959.
• [3] Philip A. Bello. Characterization of Randomly Time-Variant Linear Channels. IEEE Transactions on Communications Systems, Volume:11, Issue: 4, December 1963.
• [4] Rolf Thiele, Anwendung der Theorie zeitveranderlicher Filter zur Beschreibung des Flachwasser- ¨ Schallkanals, Dissertation, Universitat Hannover, 1972. ¨
• [5] Ivor Nissen, Iwona Kochańska Hydroakustik-Messung im Bornholmbecken zur lokalen Stationaritatsmodellierung beim Unterwasserschallkanal ¨ , DAGA Aachen, 2016.
• [6] Paul A. van Walree, Trond Jenserud, Morten Smedsrud A Discrete-Time Channel Simulator Driven by Measured Scattering Functions. IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS, VOL. 26, NO. 9, DECEMBER 2008
• [7] Iwona Kochańska, Ivor Nissen Limitations of WSSUS modeling of stationary underwater acoustic channels. Hydroacoustics Vol. 19, 2016.
• [8] Franz Hlawatsch, Gerald Matz Wireless Communication over Rapidly Time-Varying Channels, 2011.Ivor Nissen, Iwona Kochańska Filmsequenzen fur¨ den Beitrag Hydroakustik-Messung im Born-holmbecken zur lokalen Stationaritatsmodellierung ¨ beim Unterwasserschallkanal Supplementary resources, Researchgate, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/303603968.
• [9] Ivor Nissen, Pilot-Based OFDM Systems for Underwater Communication Applications, in Proc. Conf. on New Concepts for Harbour Protection, Littoral Security and Underwater Acoustic Communications, Istanbul, Turkey, July 2005.
• [10] Wolfgang Jans, Ivor Nissen, Erland Sangfelt, Connie-Elise Solberg, Paul van Walree UUV -Covert Acoustic Communications - Preliminary Results of the First Sea Experiment. UDT 2006, Hamburg.
• [11] R. C. Dixon, Spread-Spectrum Systems, 2 nd ed., John Wiley Sons, p. 87, 1984.
• [12] John Sadowsky, On the Correlation and Scattering Functions of the WSSUS Channel for Mobile Communications, 1998.

Uwagi

PL

Opracowanie ze środków MNiSW w ramach umowy 812/P-DUN/2016 na działalność upowszechniającą naukę (zadania 2017)