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At the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic the government of Spain decreed the State of Alarm to confine the entire population at their homes, except for essential services. Therefore, the central objective of this study is to evaluate the implication of this situation for the environmental noise existing in the city of Huelva (Spain). This study demonstrates that during the state of alarm an average daily reduction of 3.4 dBA was noted, and in the central moments of the day these reductions reached up to 4.4 dBA, while from 10:00 to 12:00 pm the reduction was around 6.5 dBA. Nevertheless, there were two moments of day: 3:00 am (garbage collection, street cleaning and container disinfection), and 8:00 pm (daily applause for health professionals), when the noise during the pandemic was higher than before it. It is further shown that globally, the loudest events only decreased by about 3 dBA, while the global background noise decreased by 10 dBA during the alarm state. Regarding road traffic noise, it is verified that in addition to being reduced by about 4 dBA, traffic represents 6.7% of noisy events during the alarm state, while before it represented 13%.
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Tom
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285--291
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 24 poz., fot., rys., wykr.
Twórcy
autor
- School of Engineering, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
autor
- School of Engineering, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
autor
- Faculty of Experimental Sciences, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
Bibliografia
- 1. Agencia Estatal de Meteorología (AEMET) (2020), Descarga datos meteorológicos Fuente AEMET, https://datosclima.es/Aemet2013/DescargaDatos.html (access: 10.09.2021).
- 2. Aletta F., Oberman T., Mitchell A., Tong H., Kang J. (2020), Assessing the changing urban sound environment during the COVID-19 lockdown period using short-term acoustic measurements, Noise Mapping, 7: 123-134, doi: 10.1515/noise-2020-0011.
- 3. Ali S.A., Tamura A., (2003), Road traffic noise levels, restrictions and annoyance in Greater Cairo, Egypt, Applied Acoustics, 64(8): 815-823, doi: 10.1016/S0003-682X(03)00031-8.
- 4. Bluhm G.L., Bergling N., Nordling E., Rosenlund M. (2007), Road traffic noise and hypertension, Occupational & Environmental Medicine, 64(2): 122-126, doi: 10.1136/oem.2005.025866.
- 5. Cai M., Zhong S., Wang H., Chen Y., Zeng W. (2017), Study of the traffic noise source intensity emission model and the frequency characteristics for a wet asphalt road, Applied Acoustics, 123: 55-62, doi: 10.1016/j.apacoust.2017.03.006.
- 6. Campello-Vicente H., Peral-Orts R., Camillo-Davo N., Velasco-Sanchez E. (2017), The effect of electric vehicles on urban noise maps, Applied Acoustics, 116: 59-64, doi: 10.1016/j.apacoust.2016.09.018.
- 7. Carrier M., Apparicio P., Séguin A.-M., Crouse D. (2016), The cumulative effect of nuisances from road transportation in residential sectors on the Island of Montreal - Identification of the most exposed groups and areas, Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 46: 11-25, doi: 10.1016/j.trd.2016.03.005.
- 8. Chen D., Ling C., Wang T., Su Q., Ye A. (2018), Prediction of tire-pavement noise of porous asphalt mixture based on mixture surface texture level and distributions, Construction and Building Materials, 173: 801-810, doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.04.062.
- 9. Directive 2002/49/CE (2002), Directive 2002/49/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 June 2002 relating to the assessment and management of environmental noise - Declaration by the Commission in the Conciliation Committee on the Directive relating to the assessment and management of environmental noise, Official Journal of the European Communities.
- 10. ISO 1996-1 (2016), Acoustics - description, measurement and assessment of environmental noise - Part 1: basic quantities and assessment procedures, international organisation for standardization.
- 11. ISO 1996-2 (2007), Acoustics - description, measurement and assessment of environmental noise - Part 2: determination of sound pressure levels, international organisation for standardization.
- 12. Kuniya T. (2020), Prediction of the epidemic peak of coronavirus disease in Japan, 2020, Journal of Clinical Medicine, 9(3): 1-7, doi: 10.3390/jcm9030789.
- 13. Mishra A., Das S., Singh D., Maurya A.K. (2021), Effect of COVID-19 lockdown on noise pollution levels in an Indian city: a case study of Kanpur, Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, 28(33): 46007-46019, doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-13872-z.
- 14. Nissenbaum M.A., Aramini J.J., Hanning C.D. (2012), Effects of industrial wind turbine noise on sleep and health, Noise & Health, 14(60): 237-243, doi: 10.4103/1463-1741.102961.
- 15. Pallas M.A., Bérengier M., Chatagnon R., Czuka M., Conter M., Muirhead M. (2016), Towards a model for electric vehicle noise emission in the European prediction method CNOSSOS-EU, Applied Acoustics, 113: 89-101, doi: 10.1016/j.apacoust.2016.06.012.
- 16. Payne R. (2004), Uncertainties associated with the use of a sound level meter, NPL REPORT DQL-AC 002, National Physical Laboratory, UK.
- 17. Phan H.A.T., Yano T., Phan H.Y.T., Nishimura T., Sato T., Hashimoto Y. (2009), Annoyance caused by road traffic with and without horn sound, Acoustical Science and Technology, 30(5): 327-337.
- 18. Royal Decree 1367/2007 (2007), Official State Gazette, Spain.
- 19. Royal Decree 463/2020 (2020), Official State Gazette, Spain.
- 20. Sánchez-Sánchez R., Fortes-Garrido J.C., Bolívar J.P. (2015), Characterization and evaluation of noise pollution in a tourist coastal town with an adjacent nature reserve, Applied Acoustics, 95: 70-76, doi: 10.1016/j.apacoust.2015.02.004.
- 21. Sánchez-Sánchez R., Fortes-Garrido J.C., Bolívar J.P. (2018), Noise Monitoring Networks as tools for smart city decision-making, Archives of Acoustics, 43(1): 103-112, doi: 10.24425/118085.
- 22. Steele D., Guastavino C. (2021), Quieted city sounds during the COVID-19 pandemic in Montreal, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(11): 5857, doi: 10.3390/ijerph 18115877.
- 23. Taryma S., Wozniak R., Ejsmont J., Mioduszewski P., Ronowski G. (2018), Tire/road noise and tire rolling resistance on the prototype PERS surface, [in:] International Automotive Conference (KONMOT2018), IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 421: 022035.
- 24. World Health Organization (2011), Burden of disease from environmental noise: quantification of healthy life years lost in Europe, Regional Office for Europe, https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/326424 (access: 17.06.2020).
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Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-715b2fa7-e318-4877-8645-c5c0a9faf4a1