Heavy Metals Contamination of Local and Imported Rice in Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia

Wahyuningsih, Nur Endah; Setiawan, Henry; Nabiha, Puteri Inandin; Kartasurya, Martha Irene; Azam, Mahalul

doi:10.12911/22998993/163308

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Tytuł artykułu

Heavy Metals Contamination of Local and Imported Rice in Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia

Autorzy

Wahyuningsih Nur Endah , Setiawan Henry , Nabiha Puteri Inandin , Kartasurya Martha Irene , Azam Mahalul

Treść / Zawartość

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Identyfikatory

DOI

10.12911/22998993/163308

Warianty tytułu

Języki publikacji

Abstrakty

This study defined the heavy metal concentration in rice, a commonly consumed staple food in Indonesia that is domestically produced and also imported from other countries due to its high demand. A total of six rice samples, comprising of four domestic and two foreign were randomly taken from Semarang stores and analyzed using the Atomic Absorbance Spectrometer (AAS). The laboratory results revealed that three varieties of rice, two from Indonesia (MW and PW; 0.561 and 0.456 mg/kg, each), and one from the United States (B; 0.307 mg/kg), exceeded the Indonesian dietary standard for lead (Pb) (SNI). Furthermore, the concentration of chromium (Cr) in two rice that are imported (B, 0.241 mg/kg and J, 0.723 mg/kg) were greater than the 0.2 mg/kg threshold established by the Chinese government. However, all samples had acceptable levels of As and Hg, and none had detectable levels of Cd. In terms of pH levels, domestically produced rice had a wider range (3.88–5.78) compared to imported rice (4.96–5.68). Although locally grown and imported rice had acceptable levels of LCR, only one local rice sample and two imported rice samples exceeded the Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) as well as Hazard Index (HI) values. In conclusion, consuming heavy metals contamination rice on a regular basis poses carcinogenic as well as non-carcinogenic health risks.

Słowa kluczowe

pH heavy metals rice local import

Wydawca

Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Lublin University of Technology

Czasopismo

Journal of Ecological Engineering

Rocznik

2023

Tom

Vol. 24, nr 7

Strony

49--60

Opis fizyczny

Bibliogr. 55 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Wahyuningsih Nur Endah

nurendahwahyuningsih@lecturer.undip.ac.id

Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia

autor

Setiawan Henry

Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia

autor

Nabiha Puteri Inandin

Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia
Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang, Semarang, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia

autor

Kartasurya Martha Irene

Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia

autor

Azam Mahalul

Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sports Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Semarang, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2441-5433

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Bibliografia

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