Isometric Pull and Push Strengths of Paraplegics in the Workspace: 1. Strength Measurement Profiles

• Autorzy: Das B. , Black N. L.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The isometric strength profiles of male and female paraplegics were determined for pull and push strengths in the normal, maximum, and extreme working reach envelopes. A computerized isometric strength measurement system was designed and constructed for the purpose. The strongest pull location was at extreme reach vertically above the shoulder and the strength values for males and females were 473 and 318 newtons (N), respectively. The strongest push location was at maximum reach, at vertical ($) angle of 45° and at horizontal (6) angle of 45° for males and at 0° for women and the strength values were 235 and 172 N, respectively. The nature of the strength profiles was found to be similar for both the sexes. The pull and push strengths of the female were 77 and 68% that of the male, respectively.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

isometric strength; measurement; pull and push strengths; workspace; reach envelopes; paraplegics

PL

pomiary; ciągnienie; pchanie; siła mięśni; praca mięśni

• Wydawca: Taylor & Francis
• Czasopismo: International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
• Rocznik: 2000
• Tom: Vol. 6, No. 1
• Strony: 47--65
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 18 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Das B.

• Department of Industrial Engineering Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada

autor

Black N. L.

• Ecole de genie, Secteur genie industriel Universite de Moncton, Moncton, NB, Canada

Bibliografia

• 1.Black, N.L. (1994). Isometric strength in the workspace reach envelopes of paraplegics. Unpublished Master of Applied Science thesis, Technical University of Nova Scotia, Department of Industrial Engineering, Halifax, N S, Canada.
• 2.Buchanan, L.E., & Nawoczenski, S.A. (1987). Spinal cord injury: Concepts and management approaches. Baltimore, M D, USA: W illiams & Wilkins.
• 3.Calmels, P., Berthouze, S., Barral, F.G., Domenach, M., & Minaire, P. (1992). A comparative study of the muscle strength and mass of the arm flexors and extensors in paraplegic and in non paraplegic basketball players. Paraplegia, 30, 509-516.
• 4.Das, B., & Behara, D.N. (1995). Determination of the normal horizontal working area: A new model and method. Ergonomics, 38(4), 734-748.
• 5.Davis, P.R., & Stubbs, D .A. (1977) Safe levels of manual forces for young males (2). Applied Ergonomics, 8 , 141-150.
• 6.Duval-Beaupere, G., & Robain, G. (1991). Upward displacement of the centre of gravity in paraplegic patients. Paraplegia, 29, 309-317.
• 7.Farley, R.R. (1955). Some principles of methods and motion study as used in development work. General Motors Engineering Journal, 2, 20-25.
• 8.Grandjean, E. (1982). Fitting the task to the man: An ergonomic approach (3rd ed). London, UK: Taylor & Francis.
• 9.Hunsicker, P. (1955). Arm strength a t selected degrees of elbow flexion (Wright Air Development Center Technical Report 54-548, Project 7214). Dayton, OH, USA: U.S. Air Force.
• 10.Keyserling, W .M. (1986). Postural analysis of the trunk and shoulders in a simulated real time. Ergonomics, 4, 569-583.
• 11.Kozey, J.W. (1996). Anthropometric measurement and workspace modeling for wheelchair mobile adults. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Technical University of Nova Scotia, Department of Industrial Engineering, Halifax, N S, Canada.
• 12.Kumar, S., Phan, Q., Perry, P., & Garand, D. (1991). Push-pull strength in three heights. In W . Karwowski & J. Yates (Eds.), Advances in industrial ergonomics and safety III (pp. 225-230). Toronto, Ont., Canada: Taylor & Francis.
• 13.National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). (1981). Work practices guide for manual lifting. Cincinnati, OH, USA: U .S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health.
• 14.Putz-Anderson, V. (1994). Cumulative trauma disorders: A manual for musculosketetal diseases of the upper limbs. London, UK: Taylor & Francis.
• 15.Sale, D.G., & Norman, R.W. (1982). Testing strength and power. In J.D. MacDougall, H.A. Wenger, & H.J. Green (Eds.), Physiological testing of the elite athlete (pp. 7-37). Ottawa, Ont., Canada: Canadian Association of Sport Sciences and the Sport Medicine Council of Canada.
• 16.Sengupta, A.K. (1995). Anthropometric modeling and evaluation of workspace for industrial workstation design. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Technical University of Nova Scotia, Department of Industrial Engineering, Halifax, NS, Canada.
• 17.Squires, P.C. (1956). The shape of the normal working area (Report No. 275). New London, CT, USA: U .S. Navy Department, Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, Medical Research Laboratories.
• 18.Wang, Y. (1994). Isometric push and pull strength profiles in workspace reach envelopes. Unpublished Master of Applied Science thesis, Technical University of Nova Scotia, Department of Industrial Engineering, Halifax, N S, Canada.