Ocena skuteczności naprzemiennego zatłaczania wody i gazu w procesie pozyskiwania ropy naftowej ze złóż węglanowych – studium eksperymentalne

Wojnicki, Mirosław

doi:10.18668/PN2023.238

Artykuł - szczegóły

Tytuł artykułu

Ocena skuteczności naprzemiennego zatłaczania wody i gazu w procesie pozyskiwania ropy naftowej ze złóż węglanowych – studium eksperymentalne

Autorzy

Wojnicki Mirosław

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.18668/PN2023.238

Warianty tytułu

Evaluation of the effectiveness of Water Alternating Gas (WAG) injection in oil recovery from carbonate reservoirs – an experimental insight

Języki publikacji

Abstrakty

Biorąc pod uwagę fakt, że wydobycie z dojrzałych złóż ropy naftowej sukcesywnie spada, a nowe odkrycia nie są wystarczające, by sprostać rosnącemu zapotrzebowaniu na produkty naftowe, należy stwierdzić, że metody wspomagania wydobycia (EOR) stają się niezbędnym ogniwem światowego przemysłu naftowego. Problematyka ta jest aktualna również w ujęciu krajowym, w którym kluczowe złoża ropy naftowej wymagają niezwłocznego wprowadzenia skutecznej metody EOR. Celem niniejszej monografii jest rozpoznanie możliwości wspomagania wydobycia ropy naftowej z krajowych złóż węglanowych przy zastosowaniu naprzemiennego zatłaczania wody i gazu (WAG) z wykorzystaniem różnego typu gazów, w tym gazów ziemnych wysokozaazotowanych występujących na obszarze Niżu Polskiego. Praca ma w głównej mierze charakter eksperymentalny, choć zostały w niej również zastosowane zaawansowane metody obliczeniowe. Głównym procesem badawczym były eksperymenty wypierania ropy naftowej z rdzeni wiertniczych prowadzone z dokładnym odwzorowaniem warunków złożowych dzięki wykorzystaniu oryginalnych płynów złożowych, skały złożowej oraz zadaniu odpowiednich warunków termobarycznych. Eksperymenty te pozwoliły na ocenę skuteczności poszczególnych wariantów procesu WAG – wyróżniających się typem zatłaczanego gazu, stosunkiem wody do gazu w strumieniu zatłaczanych płynów oraz ciśnieniem tłoczenia. Przetestowano również skuteczność metody WAG w warunkach szczelinowatego ośrodka porowatego (sztuczna szczelina) oraz efektywność ograniczania mobilności gazu z wykorzystaniem przepływu pianowego (FAWAG). Na podstawie danych eksperymentalnych dokonano wstępnej oceny efektywności ekonomicznej testowanych wariantów WAG. Eksperymenty wypierania poprzedzono szeregiem badań i analiz pozwalających na ich odpowiednie zaprojektowanie, przeprowadzenie i zbilansowanie. Dla pełniejszej ewaluacji procesu WAG w węglanowym ośrodku porowatym przeprowadzono również eksperymenty uzupełniające, mające na celu rozpoznanie wpływu zatłaczanych w procesie WAG mediów na skałę zbiornikową. Ostatecznie, opierając się na wynikach prac eksperymentalnych i wykorzystując algorytm programowania genetycznego, opracowano model matematyczny pozwalający na oszacowanie wartości współczynnika odropienia na podstawie zmiennych charakteryzujących dany wariant WAG.

Since production from mature oil fields is gradually declining and new discoveries are not sufficient to meet the growing demand for oil products, enhanced oil recovery is emerging as an essential component of the global oil industry. This issue is also relevant in the national context, where key oil fields require the immediate introduction of an effective EOR method. The aim of the presented dissertation is to explore the possibility of enhancing oil recovery from domestic carbonate reservoirs by a process of water alternating gas injection (WAG) using various types of gases, including high-nitrogen natural gases occurring in the Polish Lowlands. The work is mainly experimental, although advanced calculation methods have also been integrated. The primary research process involved coreflooding experiments carried out with exact reconstruction of reservoir conditions using original reservoir fluids, reservoir rock and application of appropriate thermobaric conditions. This helped assess the effectiveness of particular WAG process variants distinguished by the type of injected gas, water to gas ratio and injection pressure. The effectiveness of the WAG method for a fractured porous medium (artificial fracture) and the efficiency of reducing gas mobility using foam flow (FAWAG) were also tested. On the basis of the experimental data, an initial assessment of the WAG economic efficiency was made. The coreflooding experiments were preceded by a series of introductory studies and analyses allowing for their proper design, execution and balance. For a complete evaluation of the WAG process in the carbonate porous medium, supplementary experiments were also carried out to identify the impact of media injected in the WAG process on the reservoir rock. Finally, based on the results of the experimental work and a genetic programming algorithm, a mathematical model was developed to estimate the recovery factor using variables specific for a given WAG variant.

Słowa kluczowe

wspomaganie wydobycia ropy EOR naprzemienne zatłaczanie wody i gazu WAG sekwestracja CO2 CCS

Enhanced Oil Recovery EOR Water Alternating Gas WAG CO2 sequestration

Wydawca

Instytut Nafty i Gazu - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy

Czasopismo

Prace Naukowe Instytutu Nafty i Gazu

Rocznik

2023

Tom

nr 238

Strony

1--182

Opis fizyczny

Bibliogr. 222 poz., rys., tab., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Wojnicki Mirosław

Bibliografia

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Akty prawne i normatywne
1. NACE, 2005. NACE 31105- Dynamie Scale Inhibitor Evaluation Apparatus and Procedures in Oil and Gas Production.
2. Rozporządzenie Ministra Zdrowia w sprawie jakości wody przeznaczonej do spożycia przez ludzi z dnia 7 grudnia 2017 r. (Dz.U. z 2017 r. poz. 2294).

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