Mechanical properties and Mullins effect in rubber reinforced by montmorillonite

• Autorzy: Białkowska Anita , Przybyłek Małgorzata , Sola-Wdowska Marta , Masař Milan , Bakar Mohamed

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.24425/bpasts.2023.147059

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The present work investigated the properties of rubber vulcanizates containing different nanoparticles (Cloisite 20A and Cloisite Na+) and prepared using different sonication amplitudes. The results showed that a maximum improvement in tensile strength of more than 60% over the reference sample was obtained by the nanocomposites containing 2 wt.% Cloisite 20A and 1 wt.% Cloisite Na+ and mixed with a maximum amplitude of 270 µm. The modulus at 300% elongation increased by approximately 18% and 25% with the addition of 2 wt.% Cloisite 20A and 3 wt.% Cloisite Na+, respectively. The shape retention coefficient of rubber samples was not significantly affected by the mixing amplitude, while the values of the softness measured at the highest amplitude (270 µm) were higher compared to those of mixtures homogenized with lower amplitudes. The loading-unloading and loading-reloading processes showed similar trends for all tested nanocomposites. However, they increased with increasing levels of sample stretching but were not significantly affected by filler content at a given elongation. More energy was dissipated during the loading-unloading process than during the loading-reloading. SEM micrographs of rubber samples before and after cycling loading showed rough, stratified, and elongated morphologies. XRD results showed that elastomeric chains were intercalated in the MMT nanosheets, confirming the improvement of mechanical properties. The difference between the hydrophilic pristine nanoclay (Cloisite Na+) and organomodified MMT (Cloisite 20A) was also highlighted, while the peaks of the stretched rubber samples were smaller, regardless of the rubber composition, due most probably to the decrease of interlayer spacing.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

physical properties; Mullins effect; morphology; rubber nanocomposite

PL

właściwości fizyczne; efekt Mullinsa; morfologia; nanokompozyt gumowy

• Wydawca: Polska Akademia Nauk, Wydział IV Nauk Technicznych
• Czasopismo: Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
• Rocznik: 2023
• Tom: Vol. 71, nr 5
• Strony: art. no. e147059
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 40 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Białkowska Anita

• University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Commodity Science, Poland

autor

Przybyłek Małgorzata

• University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Commodity Science, Poland

autor

Sola-Wdowska Marta

• University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Commodity Science, Poland

autor

Masař Milan

• Tomaš Bata University in Zlin, Centre of Polymer Systems, Czech Republic

autor

Bakar Mohamed

• University of Technology and Humanities in Radom, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Commodity Science, Poland

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0302-0010

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Uwagi

Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MEiN, umowa nr SONP/SP/546092/2022 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2022-2023).