Seasonal variability in the Baltic Sea level

• Autorzy: Stramska M. , Kowalewska-Kalkowska H. , Świrgoń M.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Sea level is subject to spatial and temporal variability on different scales. In this paper we investigate seasonal variability in the open Baltic Sea level using daily satellite altimetry data for the period 1 January 1993-31 December 2010. Our results indicate that there is a well-pronounced seasonal cycle in the 18-year average sea level and in its standard deviation. The average annual SLA amplitude in the open Baltic Sea is about 18 cm. The seasonal cycle of the SLA in the Baltic Sea is asymmetric in shape. In the autumn and winter (about 240-260 days per year), the 18-year average daily SLA are higher than the 18-year annual average SLA. In the spring and summer (about 100-120 days per year), the 18-year average daily SLA are lower than the 18-year annual average SLA. A similar asymmetry of the seasonal cycle is not observed in the North Sea and North Atlantic SLA data. The annual pattern of the sea level variability in the Baltic Sea is evident if one considers multi-year average time series, but the cycle can be obscured in some years.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Baltic Sea; regional oceanography; marginal and semi-enclosed seas; sea level

• Wydawca: Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Oceanology ; Elsevier
• Czasopismo: Oceanologia
• Rocznik: 2013
• Tom: No. 55 (4)
• Strony: 787--807
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 46 poz., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Stramska M.

• Institute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Powstańców Warszawy 55, 81-712 Sopot, Poland
• University of Szczecin, Department of Earth Sciences, A. Mickiewicza 16, 70–383 Szczecin, Poland

autor

Kowalewska-Kalkowska H.

• University of Szczecin, Department of Earth Sciences, A. Mickiewicza 16, 70-383 Szczecin, Poland

autor

Świrgoń M.

• University of Szczecin, Department of Earth Sciences, A. Mickiewicza 16, 70-383 Szczecin, Poland

Bibliografia

• 1. Andersson H.C., 2002, Influence of long-term regional and large-scale atmospheric circulation on the Baltic sea level, Tellus A, 54(1), 76-88, http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0870.2002.00288.x
• 2. Bouffard J., Roblou L., Birol F., Pascual A., Fenoglio-Marc L., Cancet M., Morrow R., Ménard Y., 2011, Introduction and assessment of improved altimetry strategies: case study over the North Western Mediterranean Sea, [in:] Coastal altimetry, S. Vignudelli, A.G. Kostianoy, P. Cipollini & J. Benveniste (eds.), Springer Publ., 1st edn., 297-330, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12796-0
• 3. Bouffard J., Vignudelli S., Cipollini P., Menard Y., 2008, Exploiting the potential of an improved multimission altimetric dataset over the coastal ocean, Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L10601, http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008GL033488
• 4. Church J.A., White N.J., 2006, A 20th century acceleration in global sea level rise, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L01602, http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2005GL024826
• 5. Church J.A., Woodworth P.L., Aarup T., Wilson W. S. (eds.), 2010, Understanding sea-level rise and variability, Wiley-Blackwell, Chichester, Oxford, Hoboken, 456 pp.
• 6. Cotton D., Allan T., Menard Y., le Traon P.Y., Cavaleri L., Doombos E., Challenor P., 2004, Global altimeter measurements by leading Europeans, requirements for future satellite altimetry, Tech. Rep. European Project EVR1-CT2001-20009, Brussels, 47 pp.
• 7. Dangendorf S., Wahl T., Hein H., Jensen J., Mai S., Mudersbach C., 2012, Mean sea level variability and influence of the North Atlantic Oscillation on long-term trends in the German Bight, Water 2012, 4(1), 170-195, http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w4010170
• 8. Donnelly C., Strömqvist J., Arheimer B., 2011, Modelling climate change effects on nutrient discharges from the Baltic Sea catchment: processes and results, Proc. Symp. H04, IUGG2011, Melbourne, Australia, July 2011, (IAHS Publ. 3XX, 2011).
• 9. Donner R.V., Ehrcke R., Barbosa S.M., Wagner J., Donges J.F., Kurths J., 2012, Spatial patterns of linear and nonparametric long-term trends in Baltic sea-level variability, Nonlinear Proc. Geoph., 19(1), 95-111, http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/npg-19-95-2012
• 10. Ekman M., 2009, The changing level of the Baltic Sea during 300 years: a clue to understanding the Earth, Summer Inst. Histor. Geophys., Aland Islands, 168 pp.
• 11. Ekman M., Makinen J., 1996, Mean sea surface topography in the Baltic Sea and its transition area to the North Sea: a geodetic solution and comparisons with oceanographic models, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 101(C5), 11993-11999, http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/96JC00318
• 12. Ekman M., Stigebrandt A., 1990, Secular change of the seasonal variation in sea level and of the pole tide in the Baltic Sea, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 95(C5), 5379-5383, http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/JC095iC04p05379
• 13. Gross R.S., 2000, The excitation of the Chandler wobble, Geophys. Res. Lett., 27(15), 2329-2332, http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000GL011450
• 14. Gustafsson B.G., Andersson H.C., 2001, Modeling the exchange of the Baltic Sea from the meridional atmospheric pressure difference across the North Sea, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 106(69), 1973119744, http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000JC000593
• 15. HELCOM, 2009, Eutrophication in the Baltic Sea - an integrated thematic assessment of the effects of nutrient enrichment and eutrophication in the Baltic Sea region, Balt. Sea Environ. Proc. No. 115B, 148 pp.
• 16. Horton R., Herweijer C., Rosenzweig C., Liu J., Gornitz V., Ruane A.C., 2008, Sea level rise projections for current generation CGCMs based on the semi-empirical method, Geophys. Res. Lett., 35(2), http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2000JC000593
• 17. Hunicke B., Luterbacher J., Pauling A., Zorita E., 2008, Regional differences in winter sea-level variations in the Baltic Sea for the past 200 years, Tellus A, 60(2), 384-393, http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0870.2007.00298.x
• 18. Hunicke B., Zorita E., 2006, Influence of temperature and precipitation on decadal Baltic Sea level variations in the 20th century, Tellus A, 58(1), 141-153, http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0870.2006.00157.x
• 19. Hunicke B., Zorita E., 2008, Trends in the amplitude of Baltic Sea level annual cycle, Tellus A, 60(1), 154-164, http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0870.2007.00277.x
• 20. IPCC, 2007, Climate change 2007: the physical science basis. Contribution of working group 1 to the fourth assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, [in:] Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, S. Solomon, D. Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis, K.B. Averyt, M. Tignor & H.L. Miller (eds.), Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, New York, 996 pp.
• 21. Jevrejeva S., Moore J.C., Woodworth P.L., Grinsted A., 2005, Influence of large scale atmospheric circulation on European sea level: results based on the wavelet transform method, Tellus A, 57(2), 183-193, http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0870.2005.00090.x
• 22. Leppäranta M., Myrberg K., 2009, Physical oceanography of the Baltic Sea, Springer-Praxis, Chichester, 378 pp., http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-79703-6
• 23. Leuliette E., Nerem S.R., Mitchum T., 2004, Calibration of TOPEX/Poseidon and Jason altimeter data to construct a continuous record of mean sea level change, Mar. Geod., 27(1-2), 79-94, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01490410490465193
• 24. Łabuz T.A., Kowalewska-Kalkowska H., 2011, Coastal erosion caused by the heavy storm surge of November 2004 in the southern Baltic Sea, Climate Res., 48(1), 93-101, http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/cr00927
• 25. Madsen K.S., Høyer J.L., Tscherning C.C., 2007, Near-coastal satellite altimetry: sea surface height variability in the North Sea-Baltic Sea area, Geophys. Res. Lett., 34(14), L14601, http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2007GL029965
• 26. Nerem R.S., Chambers D.P., Choe C., Mitchum G.T., 2010, Estimating mean sea level change from the TOPEX and Jason altimeter missions, Mar. Geod., 33(1), 435-446, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01490419.2010.491031
• 27. Omstedt A., Elken J., Lehmann A., Piechura J., 2004, Knowledge of the Baltic Sea physics gained during the BALTEX and related programmes, Progr. Oceanogr., 63(1-2), 1-28, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2004.09.001
• 28. Pattullo J., Munk W., Revelle R., Strong E., 1955, The seasonal oscillation in sea level, J. Mar. Res., 14(1), 88-113.
• 29. Peltier W.R., 1998, Postglacial variations in the level of the Sea: implications for climate dynamics and solid-earth geophysics, Rev. Geophys., 36(4), 603-689, http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/98RG02638
• 30. Peltier W.R., 2004, Global glacial isostasy and the surface of the ice-age Earth: the ICE-5G(VM2) model and GRACE, Ann. Rev. Earth. Planet Sci., 32, 111-149, http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.earth.32.082503.144359
• 31. Plag H.P., Tsimplis M.N., 1999, Temporal variability of the seasonal sea-level cycle in the North Sea and Baltic Sea in relation to climate variability, Global Planet. Change, 20(2-3), 173-203, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0921-8181(98)00069-1
• 32. Poutanen M., Stipa T., 2001, Temporal and spatial variation of the sea surface topography of the Baltic Sea, [in:] Gravity, geoid and geodynamics 2000, M.G. Sideris (ed.), IAG Internat. Symp., Vol. 123, Springer-Verlag, Berlin-Heidelberg-New York, 398 pp.
• 33. Rahmstorf S., 2007, A semi-empirical approach to projecting future sea level rise, Science, 315(5810), 368-370, http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1135456
• 34. Samuelsson M., Stigebrandt A., 1996, Main characteristics of the long-term sea level variability in the Baltic Sea, Tellus A, 48(5), 672-683, http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0870.1996.t01-4-00006.x
• 35. Solvsteen C., Hansen C., 2006, Validation of the operational wave models WAVEWATCH-III and Mike21-OSW against satellite altimetry and coastal buoys, Royal Danish Administr. Navig. Hydrogr., Copenhagen, 53 pp.
• 36. Soudarin L., Crétaux J.F., Cazenave A., 1999, Vertical crustal motions from the DORIS space - geodesy system, Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 1207-1210, http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/1999GL900215
• 37. Stanisz A., 2006, Przystępny kurs statystyki z zastosowaniem STATISTICA PL na przykładach z medycyny, Vol. 1, Wyd. Statsoft Polska, Kraków, 532 pp.
• 38. Steele M., Ermold W., 2007, Steric sea level change in the Northern Seas, J. Climate, 20(3), 403-417, http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/JCLI4022.1
• 39. Stramska M., 2013, Temporal variability of the Baltic Sea level based on satellite observations, Estuarine Coast. Shelf Sci., (in press).
• 40. Stramska M., Chudziak N., 2013, Recent mutiyear trends in the Baltic Sea level, Oceanologia, 55(2), 319-337, http://dx.doi.org/10.5697/oc.55-2.319
• 41. Stramska M., Świrgoń M., 2013, Influence of atmospheric forcing and freshwater discharge on interannual variability of the vertical diffuse attenuation coefficient at 490 nm in the Baltic Sea, Remote Sens. Environ., (in press).
• 42. Tamisiea M.E., Hill E.M., Ponte R.M., Davis J.L., Velicogna I., Vinogradova N.T., 2010, Impact of self-attraction and loading on the annual cycle in sea level, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 115, C07004, http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2009JC005687
• 43. Tebaldi C., Strauss B.H., Zervas C.E., 2012, Modelling sea level rise impacts on storm surges along US coasts, Environ. Res. Lett., 7(1), 014032, http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/7/1/014032
• 44. Tsimplis M.N., Woodworth P.L., 1994, The global distribution of the seasonal sea level cycle calculated from coastal tide gauge data, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 99(C8), 16031-16039, http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/94JC01115
• 45. Vignudelli S., Kostianoy A. G., Cipollini P., Benveniste J. (eds.), 2011, Coastal altimetry, Springer-Verlag, Berlin-Heidelberg, 578 pp., http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12796-0
• 46. Vinogradov S.V., Ponte R.M., 2010, Annual cycle in coastal sea level from tide gauges and altimetry, J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans, 115(C4), C04021, http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2009JC005767