10 lat po Fukushimie - bezpieczeństwo elektrowni jądrowych

• Autorzy: Strupczewski Andrzej
• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

PL

Gdy myślimy o bezpieczeństwie elektrowni jądrowych, warto zdać sobie sprawę, że osiągnięty obecnie poziom odporności tych obiektów jest wynikiem lekcji, jakie energetyka jądrowa wyciągnęła z dwóch tragicznych wydarzeń: z ataku terrorystycznego na Twin Towers w Nowym Jorku 11 września 2001 r. i ze zniszczenia elektrowni jądrowej w Fukushimie 11 marca 2011 r.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

energetyka jądrowa; elektrownia jądrowa; reaktory energetyczne; bezpieczeństwo; stress test; awaria

• Wydawca: BMP Sp. z o.o.
• Czasopismo: Energetyka Cieplna i Zawodowa
• Rocznik: 2021
• Tom: Nr 4
• Strony: 83--100
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 49 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Strupczewski Andrzej

• NCBJ

Bibliografia

• 1 http://www.ensreg.eu/EU-Stress-Tests
• 2 EUROPEAN „STRESS TESTS” FOR NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS National Report of Bulgaria, Nuclear Regulatory Agency, December 2011.
• 4 T.L. Schulz, Westinghouse AP1000 advanced passive plant, Nuclear Engineering and Design. 2006, 236, 1547.
• 5 W.E. Cummins, et al., Westinghouse AP1000 Advanced Passive Plant, Proceedings of ICAPP ’03, Cordoba, Spain, May 4-7, 2003, Paper 3235.
• 6 AP1000 NPP response to external hazards, Westinghouse, NPP_NPP_000072, August 11, 2011.
• 7 Westinghouse: AP1000 Nuclear Power Plant, Coping with station blackout, April 2011.
• 8 Westinghouse: AP1000 Nuclear Power Plant, Spent Fuel Pool cooling, May 2011.
• 9 M. Fisher, The severe accident mitigation concept and the design measures for core melt retention of the European pressurized reactor. Nuclear Engineering and Design, 2004, 230, 169-180.
• 10 ROZPORZĄDZENIE RADY MINISTRÓW z dnia 27 kwietnia 2004 r. w sprawie wartości poziomów interwencyjnych.
• 11 European Utility Requirements for LWR Nuclear Power Plants, Rev C, 2001.
• 12 D. Bittermann, U. Krugmann, and G. Azarian, EPR accident scenarios and provisions. Nuclear Engineering and Design, 2001, 207, 49-57.
• 13 AREVA EPR™ Safety in the Post Fukushima Context September 2011.
• 14 Health and Safety Executive, New Reactor Build: EDF/AREVA EPR Step 2 PSA Assessment, 2008. http://www.hse.gov.uk/. Accessed March 27, 2011.
• 15 ESBWR Design Control Document/Tier 2 26A6642BJ Rev, 03.
• 16 IAEA The Fukushima Daiichi Accident, Volume 4, Radiological Consequences, Vienna 2015
• 17 Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare: Exposure Dose Distribution of the Workers at Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power plant, http://www.mhlw.go.jp/english/topics/2011eq/workers/irpw/index.html
• 18 http://japan.kantei.go.jp/kan/topics/201106/pdf/chapter_vii.pdf
• 19 ICRP1990 Recommendations, Pub. 60 http://www.icrp.org/pubIication.asp?id=ICRP%20Publication%2060
• 20 http://www.unscear.org/docs/reports/2013/13-83418_Report_2013_Annex_A.pdf
• 21 UNITED NATIONS, Sources, Effects and Risks of Ionizing Radiation (Report to the General Assembly), UNSCEAR 2013 Report, Vol. 1, Scientific Annex A: Levels and Effects of Radiation Exposure Due to the Nuclear Accident after the 2011 Great East-Japan Earthquake and Tsunami, Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR), UN, New York (2014).
• 22 UNITED NATIONS, Report of the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation, A/67/46, UN, New York (2012)
• 23 UNITED NATIONS, Report of the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation. A/68/46, UN, New York (2013).
• 24 http://www.world-nuclear-news.org/RS_UN_approves_radiation_advice_1012121.html
• 25 Radiological report of the French environment from 2015 to 2017, IRSN, 2018. Rys. 23 page 73.
• 26 http://www.unscear.org/docs/reports/2015/Fukushima_WP2015_web_en.pdf
• 27 http://science.time.com/2013/03/01/meltdown-despite-the-fear-the-health-risks-from-the-fukushima-accident-are-minimal/
• 28 Suzuki, S., et al., „Three-Year Results and Future Scope of the Fukushima Thyroid Ultrasound Examination after the Fukushima NPP Accident”, paper presented at 3rd Int. Expert Symp. on Beyond Radiation and Health Risk: Toward Resillenceand Recovery, Fukushima (2014). http://www.fmu.ac.jp/radiationhealth/symposium201409/media/9_S2_Suzuki_FINAL(0909).pdf
• 29 FUKUSHIMA PREFECTURE. Proc. 18th Prefectural Oversight Committee Meeting for Fukushima Health Management Survey (2015), http://www.fmu.ac.jp/radiationhealth/results/20130212_Thyroid_Ultrasound_Examination.html
• 30 Nomura, Y., „Pregnancy and birth survey (by the Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey)”, paper presented at 3rd Int. Expert Symp. On Beyond Radiation and Health Risk: Toward Resilience and Recovery, Fukushima, 2014, http://www.fmu.ac.jp/radiationhealth/symposium201409/media/10_S2_Nomura_FINAL(0909).pdf
• 31 http://nuclear-news.net/2013/03/08/radioactive-japan-thyroid-control-screening-reveals-much-higher-percentages-of-cysts-and-nodules-in-children-far-away-from-fukushima/
• 32 http://www.hiroshimasyndrome.com/fukushima-child-thyroid-issue.html
• 33 http://www.fukushimaminponews.com/news.html?id=629
• 35 http://www.ctvnews.ca/health/radiation-not-biggest-impact-on-fukushima-health-doctors-say-1.3317383
• 36 https://www.sciencebasedmedicine.org/confusing-overdiagnosis-for-an-epidemic-of-thyroid-cancer-in-japan-after-fukushima/
• 37 http://www.seattletimes.com/nation-world/doctors-radiation-not-biggest-impact-on-fukushima-health/
• 38 http://news.trust.org/item/20170309000736-82vw1
• 39 Table 3. Generic Criteria For Protective Actions… in: IAEA Safety Standards, Criteria for Use in Preparedness and Response for a Nuclear or Radiological Emergency, Jointly sponsored by the FAO, IAEA, ILO, PAHO, WHO No. GSG-2.
• 40 Rozporządzenie Rady Ministrów z dnia 27 kwietnia 2004 r. w sprawie wartości poziomów interwencyjnych dla poszczególnych rodzajów działań interwencyjnych oraz kryteriów odwołania tych działań.
• 41 TEPCO Press release no 159, 16 July 2014, http://www.tepco.co.jp/en/press/cprp-com/reIease/2-14/1239415_5892.html
• 42 http://www.world.nuclear-news.org/RS-Tepco-boosts-water-decontamination-capacities-2110145.html
• 43 http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2015/08/26/national/fishermen-ok-tepcos-plan-dump-fukushima-plant-water-sea/#.Vt1MQfnhAdV
• 44 Risk assessment of radioisotope contamination for aquatic living resources in and around Japan Hiroshi Okamuraa, Shiro Ikedab, Takami Moritac, Shinto Eguchib http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2016/02/23/1519792113.fuII-pdf
• 45 http://www.codexalimentarius.org/codex-home/en/
• 46 https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2016/02/29/with-fukushimas-fifth-anniversary-approaching-we-can-probably-start-to-relax-about-radioactive-seafood/
• 47 https://www.nature.com/articles/d41386-021-01225-2
• 48 UNITED NATIONS, Sources and Effects of Ionizing Radiation (Report to the General Assembly), UNSCEAR 2008 Report, Vol. 11, Scientific Annexes C, D and E, Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR), UN, New York (2011). UNITED NATIONS, Sources and Effects of Ionizing Radiation (Report to the General Assembly), UNSCEAR 1996 Report, Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR), UN, New York (1996).
• 49 A. Strupczewski. Wpływ promieniowania na zdrowie ludzi, nr 3/2021 ECiZ.

Uwagi

1. W Bibliografii pominięto pozycje stanowiące przypisy-komentarze.

2. Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa Nr 461252 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2021).