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Abstrakty
Reference blocks are required for ultrasonic calibration and non-destructive testing (NDT). There are already in existence sets of reference blocks constructed according to American Society for Testing and Materials standards, but as the industry evolves, we need more reference blocks with varied designs. In this study, two reference blocks of steel and aluminum are constructed. These blocks have several sets of flat bottom holes (FBH) with different diameters (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 and 2.5 mm), angles (45° and 90°) and placements. The novel constructed reference blocks are evaluated using the ultrasonic and a displacement measuring interferometer (DMI). They allow for detailed FBH characterization in terms of defining their location, diameter, depth and so on. The two techniques show consistency in the majority of the outcomes. The expanded uncertainty of readings is found to be ±1.4 μm, according to DMI data. The findings show that the newly constructed blocks could be ideal for evaluating a variety of calibration factors including transducer sensitivity, dead zone, defect size, and depth. Furthermore, they can be used in NDT in various industries such as petroleum pipe production, steel manufacturing and so on.
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
719--736
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 31 poz., rys., tab., wykr., wzory
Twórcy
autor
- Ultrasonic Metrology Laboratory, National Institute of Standards PO Box: 136, Giza code 12211, Tersa Street, Haram, Giza, Egypt
autor
- Line & End Secondary Standards Laboratory, National Institute of Standards PO Box: 136, Giza code 12211, Tersa Street, Haram, Giza, Egypt
- Line & End Secondary Standards Laboratory, National Institute of Standards PO Box: 136, Giza code 12211, Tersa Street, Haram, Giza, Egypt
Bibliografia
- [1] Barakat, M. A. (2014). Ultrasonic inspection of composite resin restorative materials. International Journal of Engineering & Technology IJET-IJENS, 14(3), 1-5.
- [2] Barakat, M. A. Y. (2018). Study of annealing influence on IrO2 thin films ultrasonic technique. International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), 6(9), 129-135. https://doi.org/10.21474/IJAR01/7653
- [3] ASTM International. (2020). Standard Practice for Fabrication and Control of Flat-Bottomed Hole Ultrasonic Standard Reference Blocks (ASTM E127-20). https://doi.org/10.1520/E0127-20
- [4] ASTM International. (2013). Standard Practice for Fabrication and Control of Metal, Other than Aluminum, Reference Blocks Used in Ultrasonic Testing (Withdrawn 2019) (ASTM E428-08).
- [5] Blessing, G. V. (1983). Assessment of ultrasonic reference block calibration methodology. Final Report National Bureau of Standards.
- [6] Zhang, Z., Yan, Y., Yu, X., Li, C., & Gong, L. (2022). A High-Precision and Wide Range Method for Inner Diameter Measurement. Journal of Sensors, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/3985528
- [7] Kazayawoko, M., Neumann, A. W., & Balatinecz, J. J. (1997). Estimating the wettability of wood by the Axisymmetric Drop Shape Analysis-contact Diameter method. Wood Science and Technology, 31(2), 87-95. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00705924
- [8] Giulietti, N., Chiariotti, P., Cosoli, G., Mobili, A., Pandarese, G., Tittarelli, F., & Revel, G. M. (2021). Automated measurement system for detecting carbonation depth: Image-processing based technique applied to concrete sprayed with phenolphthalein. Measurement, 175, 109142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2021.109142
- [9] Falkner, A. H. (1978, December). Novel electro-optical instrument for profile measurement. In Proceedings of the Institution of Electrical Engineers, 125(12), 1396-1399. IET Digital Library. https://doi.org/10.1049/piee.1978.0295
- [10] Liangpanich, E., Akiyama, N., Yoshida, M., & Kuwabara, K. (2003). Analysis of measurement accuracy of quadrilateral hole using optical inner-diameter-measuring machine. Optical Engineering, 42(9), 2568-2575. https://doi.org/10.1117/1.1598435
- [11] Bahrawi, M., & Farid, N. (2010). Application of a commercially available displacement measuring interferometer to line scale measurement and uncertainty of measurement. Mapan, 25(4), 259-264. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12647-010-0025-7
- [12] Abdallah, A. W., Tutsch, R., & Nagib, N. N. (2018). Novel wide-angle ellipsometric arrangement for thin film thickness measurement. Journal of Physics Communications, 2(5), 055007. https://doi.org/10.1088/2399-6528/aac084
- [13] ASTM International. (1992). Standard Practice for Fabrication and Control of Steel Reference Blocks Used in Ultrasonic Examination (ASTM E428-05). https://doi.org/10.1520/E0428-05
- [14] ASTM International. (2005). Standard Practice for Fabrication and Control of Metal, Other than Aluminum Reference, Blocks Used in Ultrasonic Examination (ASTM: E428-05a). https://doi.org/10.1520/E0428-08
- [15] European Committee For Standardization. (2000). Non-destructive testing - Characterization and verification of ultrasonic examination equipment - Part 3: Combined equipment (BS EN 12668-3:2000). https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/cen/0e496e43-2c7f-40d6-8ade-625faf379068/en-12668-3-2000
- [16] European Committee For Standardization. (2001), Non-destructive testing. Characterization and verification of ultrasonic examination equipment. Probes (BS EN 12668-2:2001). https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/cen/e2293225-8c90-481b-a689-0719f91c2307/en-12668-2-2010
- [17] ASTM International. (2015). Standard Practice for Measuring Thickness by Manual Ultrasonic Pulse-Echo Contact Method (ASTM E797 / E797M-15). https://doi.org/10.1520/E0797_E0797M-21
- [18] ASTM International. (2016). Standard Practice for Evaluating Performance Characteristics of Ultrasonic Pulse-Echo Testing Instruments and Systems without the Use of Electronic Measurement Instruments. https://doi.org/ASTM E317-16
- [19] Haycocks, J., & Jackson, K. (2005). Traceable calibration of transfer standards for scanning probe microscopy. Precision Engineering, 29(2), 168-175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.precisioneng.2004.06.002
- [20] Bönsch, G., & Potulski, E. (1998). Measurement of the refractive index of air and comparison with modified Edlén’s formulae. Metrologia, 35(2), 133. https://doi.org/10.1088/0026-1394/35/2/8
- [21] Al-Shomar, S. M., Barakat, M. A., & Abdallah, A. W. (2020). Ellipsometric and ultrasonic studies of nano titanium dioxide specimens doped with Erbium. Materials Research Express, 7(10), 106413. https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/abc0d0
- [22] Abdallah, A. W., & Abdelwahab, M. (2021). A modified method for calibration of polarimetric components using polarizing interferometry. Measurement Science and Technology, 32(11), 115003. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6501/ac0fa7
- [23] Abdallah, A. W., Abdelwahab, M., & El-Bahrawy, M. (2022). Developed Method to Evaluate Some Optical Parameters in Gauge Block Measurements Using Ellipsometry. MAPAN, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12647-021-00521-6
- [24] Barakat, M. A. Y. (2018). Amelioration of ultrasonic transducer to study CuO doped thin films. Archives of Acoustics, 43(3), 487-495. https://doi.org/10.24425/123920
- [25] Shehata, M., Abdallah, A. W., Ibrahim, S. S., Osman, M. H., & Nagib, N. N. (2021). Determination of a grown oxide layer thickness and optical constants of Zn and Cd metals. Optik, 232, 166552. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2021.166552
- [26] ASTM Standards. (1992). Standard Practice for Fabricating and Checking Aluminum Alloy Ultrasonic Standard Reference Blocks (E127-92a). https://doi.org/10.1520/E0127-98
- [27] ASTM Standards. (1992). Standard Practice for Measuring Ultrasonic Velocity in Materials (ASTM-E494-92a - 1992A EDITION).
- [28] Beers, J. S. (1987). Length scale measurement procedures at the National Bureau of Standards. Interagency Report IR, 87-3625.
- [29] International Organization for Standardization (2008). Uncertainty of measurement-Part 3: Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM: 1995). https://www.iso.org/standard/50461.html
- [30] Keysight Technologies. (1992). 5528A Laser Measurement System User Guide (User Manuals Part No. 05528-90022). https://www.keysight.com/ch/de/assets/9018-05832/user-manuals/9018-05832.pdf
- [31] Palik, D. E. (Ed.). (1997). Handbook of Optical Constants of Solids (1st ed.). Academic Press. www.elsevier.com/books/handbook-of-optical-constants-of-solids/palik/978-0-08-055630-7
Uwagi
Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MEiN, umowa nr SONP/SP/546092/2022 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2022-2023).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-6b2df202-2bea-4996-8994-e61303129159