The intensity of greenhouse gas emissions from the food production system in the Visegrad Group countries

• Autorzy: Mrówczyńska-Kamińska Aldona , Bajan Bartłomiej , Łukasiewicz Joanna , Mańkowski Kacper

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.34659/eis.2025.92.1.1066

Warianty tytułu

PL

Intensywność emisji gazów cieplarnianych z systemu produkcji żywności w krajach Grupy Wyszehradzkiej

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Greenhouse gas emissions of anthropogenic origin, including those from the food production system, are considered one of the main reasons for global climate warming, so many measures are being taken to reduce them. After joining the European Union, the Visegrad Group countries are obliged to monitor and report the level of greenhouse gas emissions, which is also closely related to the level and structure of energy consumption. According to the International Energy Agency estimates, 75% of greenhouse gas emissions in the European Union are related to energy production or use. High food productivity brings with it energy-intensive solutions that increase emissions. It is also important that tackling climate change is not a barrier to increased food production. In this context, the lowest possible emission intensity of the food production system, understood as the amount of greenhouse gas emissions per unit of production or gross value added, should be sought. The study aimed to calculate the emission intensity of food production systems in the Visegrad countries in 2010-2016. The emission intensity of agribusiness greenhouse gases was calculated as the emissions forfeited per unit of output and gross value added. The paper uses the author's methods, which are consistent with each other, for calculating agribusiness production and income, as well as greenhouse gas emissions from the food production system. Data from input-output tables and, consistent with these tables, environmental accounts published on Eurostat's website were used to calculate these quantities. During the period under review, the GHG intensity index decreased in Visegrad countries despite an overall increase in emissions of primary greenhouse gases from food production. However, these changes are minor, mainly due to the short analysis period. However, further growth in food production may not contribute to an increase in the level of greenhouse gas emissions. Financing pro-environmental investments at all stages of food production will be key in this regard. Further research in this area, using the methodology presented in this article, will make it possible to compare the results obtained with those calculated from more recent data. This will make it possible to capture the impact of, for example, the European Green Deal and the financing of pro-environmental investments in the agribusiness of the Visegrad Group countries.

PL

Emisja gazów cieplarnianych pochodzenia antropogenicznego, w tym z systemu produkcji żywności jest uważana za jeden z głównych powodów globalnego ocieplenia klimatu, dlatego podejmuje się wiele działań w celu jej ograniczenia. Państwa Grupy Wyszehradzkiej po wejściu do Unii Europejskiej mają obowiązek monitorowania i raportowania poziomu emisji gazów cieplarnianych, co jest również ściśle związane z poziomem i strukturą zużycia energii. Według estymacji International Energy Agency 75% emisji gazów cieplarnianych w Unii Europejskiej związane jest z produkcją lub użyciem energii. Wysoka produktywność żywności niesie za sobą energochłonne rozwiązana, które zwiększają emisje. Istotne jest również to, aby przeciwdziałanie zmianom klimatycznym nie stanowiło bariery dla wzrostu produkcji żywności. Należy sądzić, że w tym kontekście powinno dążyć się do jak najmniejszej emission intensity of food production system, rozumianej jako ilość emisji gazów cieplarnianych przypadająca na wartość produkcji czy wartości dodanej brutto. Celem badania była kalkulacja intensywności emisji gazów cieplarnianych z systemu produkcji żywności w krajach Grupy Wyszehradzkiej w latach 2010-2016. Intensywność emisji gazów cieplarnianych w agrobiznesie obliczono jako wielkość emisji przepadająca na jednostkę produkcji globalnej i wartości dodanej brutto. W pracy posłużono się autorskimi, spójnymi ze sobą, metodami obliczania produkcji i dochodów agrobiznesu oraz emisji gazów cieplarnianych z systemu produkcji żywności. Do obliczeń tych wielkości wykorzystano dane z tabel input-output oraz spójnych z tymi tabelami, rachunków środowiskowych publikowanych na stronach Eurostatu. W badanym okresie w krajach Grupy Wyszehradzkiej pomimo ogólnego wzrostu poziomu emisji głównych gazów cieplarnianych z produkcji żywności zmniejsza się wskaźnik intensywności emisji gazów cieplarnianych. Zmiany te jednak są niewielkie, głów-nie ze względu na zbyt krótki okres analizy. Jednak jest szansa, że dalszy wzrost produkcji żywności nie będzie przyczyniał się do wzrostu poziomu emisji gazów cieplarnianych. Kluczowe w tym zakresie będzie finansowanie inwestycji prośrodowiskowych na wszystkich etapach produkcji żywności. Dalsze badania w tym zakresie, przy wykorzystaniu metodyki zaprezentowanej w niniejszym artykule, pozwolą na porównanie uzyskanych wyników z wynikami obliczonym na podstawie nowszych danych. Dzięki temu będzie możliwe uchwycenie wpływu np. Europejskiego Zielonego Ładu i finasowania inwestycji prośrodowiskowych w agrobiznesie krajów Grupy Wyszehradzkiej.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

agribusiness; greenhouse gas emissions; emission intensity; Visegrad Group

PL

agrobiznes; emisje gazów cieplarnianych; intensywność emisji; Grupa Wyszehradzka

• Wydawca: Polskie Stowarzyszenie Ekonomistów Środowiska i Zasobów Naturalnych
• Czasopismo: Economics and Environment
• Rocznik: 2025
• Tom: No. 1
• Strony: art. no. 1066
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 49 poz., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Mrówczyńska-Kamińska Aldona

• Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego Street 28, 60-637 Poznań, Poland

• https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5439-7339

autor

Bajan Bartłomiej

• Poznan University of Life Sciences

• https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1393-6580

autor

Łukasiewicz Joanna

• Poznan University of Life Sciences

• https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7241-8324

autor

Mańkowski Kacper

• Poznan University of Life Sciences

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1657-205X

Bibliografia

• Abbas, A., Waseem, M., & Yang, M. (2020). An ensemble approach for assessment of energy efficiency of agriculture system in Pakistan. Energy Efficiency, 13, 683-696. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12053-020-09845-9
• Aydoğan, B., & Vardar, G. (2020). Evaluating the role of renewable energy, economic growth and agri-culture on CO2 emission in E7 countries. International Journal of Sustainable Energy, 39(4), 335-348. https://doi.org/10.1080/14786451.2019.1686380
• Baer-Nawrocka, A., & Mrówczyńska-Kamińska, A. (2019). Material and import intensity in the agri-culture of the European Union–input-output analysis. Problems of Agricultural Economics, 358(1), 3-21. https://doi.org/10.30858/zer/104514
• Baer-Nawrocka, A., & Sadowski, A. (2019). Food security and food self-sufficiency around the world: A typology of countries. PloS ONE, 14(3), e0213448. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0213448
• Bajan, B., & Mrówczyńska-Kamińska, A. (2020). Supply of Materials to the Agribusiness Sector of Eu-ropean Union Countries. Problems of World Agriculture, 20(35), 15-24. https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.303823
• Bajan, B., Łukasiewicz, J., & Mrówczyńska-Kamińska, A. (2021). Energy consumption and its structures in food production systems of the visegrad group countries compared with EU-15 countries. Energies, 14(13), 3945. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14133945
• Camanzi, L., Alikadic, A., Compagnoni, L., & Merloni, E. (2017). The impact of greenhouse gas emissions in the EU food chain: A quantitative and economic assessment using an environmentally ex-tended input-output approach. Journal of Cleaner Production, 157, 168-176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.04.118
• Clark, M., & Tilman, D. (2017). Comparative analysis of environmental impacts of agricultural produc-tion systems, agricultural input efficiency, and food choice. Environmental Research Letters, 12(6), 064016. https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/aa6cd5/pdf
• Copernicus Climate Change Service. (2023). 2022 saw record temperatures in Europe and across the world. 2022 saw record temperatures in Europe and across the world | Copernicus
• Corsatea, T. D., Lindner, S., Arto, I., Román, M. V., Rueda-Cantuche, J. M., Velázquez Afonso, A., ... & Neu-wahl, F. (2019). World input-output database environmental accounts: update 2000-2016. https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2760/024036
• Creutzig, F., Bren d’Amour, C., Weddige, U., Fuss, S., Beringer, T., Glaser, A., Kalkuhl, M., Steckel, J. C., Radebach, A., & Edenhofer, O. (2019). Assessing human and environmental pressures of global land-use change 2000-2010. Global Sustain, 2, e1. https://doi.org/10.1017/sus.2018.15
• de Jesus Pereira, B., Cecilio Filho, A. B., & La Scala, N. Jr. (2021). Greenhouse gas emissions and carbon footprint of cucumber, tomato and lettuce production using two cropping systems. Journal of Cleaner Production, 282, 124517. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124517
• European Commission. (2020). Commission Staff Working Document: Analysis of links between CAP Reform and Green Deal. https://agriculture.ec.europa.eu/document/download/b9e717de-582e-4f55-9492-489f475dbacf_en
• European Court of Auditors. (2021). Common Agricultural Policy and Climate: Half of EU Climate Spending but Farm Emissions Are Not Decreasing.
• Fróna, D., Szenderák, J., & Harangi-Rákos, M. (2019). The challenge of feeding the world. Sustainability, 11(20), 5816. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11205816
• Gao, J., Yan, Y., Hou, X., Liu, X., Zhang, Y., Huang, S., & Wang, P. (2021). Vertical distribution and seasonal variation of soil moisture after drip-irrigation affects greenhouse gas emissions and maize production during the growth season. Science of The Total Environment, 763, 142965. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142965
• Garnett, T. (2011). Where are the best opportunities for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the food system (including the food chain)? Food Policy, 36(1), 23-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2010.10.010
• Gillman, M. (2021). Macroeconomic Trends among Visegrád Countries, EU Balkans, and the US, 1991-2021. Central European Business Review, 10(2), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.18267/j.cebr.282
• Gkisakis, V. D., Volakakis, N., Kosmas, E., & Kabourakis, E. M. (2020). Developing a decision support tool for evaluating the environmental performance of olive production in terms of energy use and greenhouse gas emissions. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 24, 156-168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2020.07.003
• Gołasa, P., Wysokiński, M., Bieńkowska-Gołasa, W., Gradziuk, P., Golonko, M., Gradziuk, B., ... & Gromada, A. (2021). Sources of greenhouse gas emissions in agriculture, with particular emphasis on emissions from energy used. Energies, 14(13), 3784. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14133784
• Han, M., Zhang, B., Zhang, Y., & Guan, C. (2019). Agricultural CH4 and N2O emissions of major econo-mies: Cosumption-vs. production-based perspectives. Journal of Cleaner Production, 210, 276-286. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.11.018
• Harsányi, E., Bashir, B., Almhamad, G., Hijazi, O., Maze, M., Elbeltagi, A., ... & Szabó, S. (2021). GHGs Emission from the Agricultural Sector within EU-28: A Multivariate Analysis Approach. Ener-gies, 14(20), 6495. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14206495
• Khan, A., Tan, D. K. Y., Munsif, F., Afridi, M. Z., Shah, F., Wei, F., Fahad, S., & Zhou, R. (2017). Nitrogen nutrition in cotton and control strategies for greenhouse gas emissions: a review. Environ-mental Science and Pollution Research, 24, 23471-23487. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-0131-y
• KOBiZE. (2018). Poland’s National Inventory Report. Greenhouse Gas Inventory for 1988-2016. https://www.kobize.pl/uploads/materialy/materialy_do_pobrania/krajowa_inwentaryzacja_emisji/NIR_2018_POL_May.PDF (in Polish).
• Masi, M., Vecchio, Y., Pauselli, G., Di Pasquale, J., & Adinolfi, F. (2021). A typological classification for assessing farm sustainability in the Italian bovine dairy sector. Sustainability, 13(13), 7097. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13137097
• Mrówczyńska-Kamińska, A., Bajan, B., Pawłowski, K. P., Genstwa, N., & Zmyślona, J. (2021). Green-house gas emissions intensity of food production systems and its determinants. Plos ONE, 16(4), e0250995. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250995
• Naudé, W., Surdej, A., & Cameron, M. (2019). The Past and Future of Manufacturing in Central and Eastern Europe: Ready for Industry 4.0? IZA Discussion Papers, 12141. https://ideas.repec.org/p/iza/izadps/dp12141.html
• NDC Partnership. (2024). FAOSTAT Emissions Totals Database. https://ndcpartnership.org/knowledge-portal/climate-toolbox/faostat-emissions-totals-databa-se#:~:text=FAOSTAT%20contains%20and%20makes%20available%20for%20download%20country,and%20land%20use%20emissions%2C%20and%2012%20topical%20sub-domains
• Our World in Data. (2022). Environmental Impacts of Food Production. https://ourworldindata.org/environmental-impacts-of-food)
• Pao, H.-T., & Tsai, C.-M. (2011). Modeling and forecasting the CO2 emissions, energy consumption, and economic growth in Brazil. Energy, 36(5), 2450-2458. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2011.01.032
• Pierrehumbert, R. T. (2005). Climate dynamics of a hard snowball Earth. Journal of Geophysical Re-search: Atmospheres, 110(D1), 148-227. https://doi.org/10.1029/2004JD005162
• Poore, J., & Nemecek, T. (2018). Reducing food’s environmental impacts through producers and consumers. Science, 360(6392), 987-992.
• Popp, A., Lotze-Campen, H., & Bodirsky, B. (2010). Food consumption, diet shifts and associated non-CO2 greenhouse gases from agricultural production. Global Environmental Change, 20(3), 451-462. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2010.02.001
• Remond-Tiedrez, I., & Rueda-Cantuche, J. M. (2019). Full International and Global Accounts for Research in Input-Output Analysis (FIGARO). https://unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/stats/documents/ece/ces/ge.20/2015/July/Item_5_UNECE_European_full_International_and_Global_Accounts_for_Research_in_Input-Output_Analysis_FIGARO.pdf
• Schmidt, A. (2016). Friends forever? The role of the Visegrad Group and European integration. Politics in Central Europe, 12(3), 113-140. https://doi.org/10.1515/pce-2016-0019
• Schneider, U. A., & Smith, P. (2009). Energy intensities and greenhouse gas emission mitigation in global agriculture. Energy Efficiency, 2, 195-206. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12053-008-9035-5
• Searchinger, T. D., Wirsenius, S., Beringer, T., & Dumas, P. (2018). Assessing the efficiency of changes in land use for mitigating climate change. Nature, 564, 249-253. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0757-z
• Senyolo, M. P., Long, T. B., Blok, V., & Omta, O. (2018). How the characteristics of innovations impact their adoption: An exploration of climate-smart agricultural innovations in South Africa. Journal of Cleaner Production, 172, 3825-3840. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.06.019
• Śmiech, S., & Papież, M. (2014). Energy consumption and economic growth in the light of meeting the targets of energy policy in the EU: The bootstrap panel Granger causality approach. Energy Pol-icy, 71, 118-129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2014.04.005
• Stern, D. I., Common, M. S., & Barbier, E. B. (1996). Economic growth and environmental degradation: the environmental Kuznets curve and sustainable development. World Development, 24(7), 1151-1160. https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-750X(96)00032-0
• Strauss, S., Rupp, S., & Love, T. (2016). Cultures of energy: Power, practices, technologies. London: Routledge.
• Szabo, L., Grznar, M., & Zelina, M. (2018). Agricultural performance in the V4 countries and its position in the European Union. Agricultural Economics, 64(8), 337-346. https://doi.org/10.17221/397/2016-AGRICECON
• Szuba-Barańska, E., Poczta, W., & Mrówczyńska-Kamińska, A. (2020). Rozwój agrobiznesu państw Eu-ropy Środkowo-Wschodniej po przystąpieniu do Unii Europejskiej. Poznań: Wydawnictwo UP. (in Polish).
• Tang, C. F., & Tan, B. W. (2015). The impact of energy consumption, income and foreign direct invest-ment on carbon dioxide emissions in Vietnam. Energy, 79, 447-454. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2014.11.033
• Tubiello, F. N., Cóndor-Golec, R. D., Salvatore, M., Piersante, A., Federici, S., Ferrara, A., ... & Prosperi, P. (2014). Estimating greenhouse gas emissions in agriculture: a manual to address data require-ments for developing countries. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
• Wang, Z. B., Zhang, J. Z., & Zhang, L. F. (2019). Reducing the carbon footprint per unit of economic bene-fit is a new method to accomplish low-carbon agriculture. A case study: adjustment of the planting structure in Zhangbei County, China. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 99(11), 4889-4897. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.9714
• WIOD. (2016). Environmental Accounts - Update 2000-2016. https://www.rug.nl/ggdc/valuechain/wiod/wiod-2016-release
• Yan, Q., Yin, J., Baležentis, T., Makutėnienė, D., & Štreimikienė, D. (2017). Energy-related GHG emission in agriculture of the European countries: An application of the Generalized Divisia Index. Jour-nal of Cleaner Production, 164, 686-694. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.07.010
• Zhao, R., Deutz, P., Neighbour, G., & McGuire, M. (2012). Carbon emissions intensity ratio: an indicator for an improved carbon labelling scheme. Environmental Research Letters, 7, 014014. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/7/1/014014