The evolution of the Hungarian Defence Forces’ volunteer reserve component after the Cold War

• Autorzy: Ujházy László

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.35467/sdq/154063

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

When Hungary transformed to an all-volunteer force in 2004, most attention was given to the regular component and very little mention was made of reservists. The main goal of this study is to draw attention to the importance of, and the potential, in the reserve component using historical research to produce an overview of how the reserve component of the Hungarian Defence Forces has evolved since the end of the Cold War. Information was collected and analysed from the discussed time period and interpretations were made of the collected evidence through systematic methods appraising all available studies to synthesise the findings. Similarly to other countries in the region, more than a century of conscription and the Warsaw Pact legacy still haunts the Hungarian Defence Forces. Fortunately, Hungary’s NATO membership spearheaded the drive for qualitative change within the armed forces and more attention was paid to a volunteer reserve system. Hungary’s NATO membership has ushered in a new era of security guarantees and obligations which, among other things, brought with it the realisation that the time for qualitative change in the armed forces had come. Among other changes, an initial shift of emphasis towards a reserve system – followed by the adoption of the all-volunteer force model – made it clear that a new basis had to be provided upon which to address the reserve issue in Hungary.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

comprehensive approach; Hungarian Defence Forces; citizen soldier; volunteer reserve component

• Wydawca: Akademia Sztuki Wojennej
• Czasopismo: Security and Defence Quarterly
• Rocznik: 2022
• Tom: Vol. 40, No. 4
• Strony: 75--86
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 33 poz., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Ujházy László

• Department of Military Leadership and General Subjects, National University of Public Service, Hungária krt. 9–11, H-1101, Budapest, Hungary

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7820-819X

Bibliografia

• 1. Arbuckle J. (2007) ‘No job for a soldier?’, NATO Review, Available at: https://.nato.int/docu/review/articles/2007/07/01/analysis-no-job-for-a-soldier/index.html (Accessed: 7 September 2022).
• 2. Bárány Z. (1999) ‘Hungary: An outpost on the troubled periphery’, in Michta A.A. (ed.), America’s new allies: Poland, Hungary and the Czech Republic in NATO. Seattle, WA: University of Washington Press, pp. 74–111.
• 3. Ben-Ari E. and Lomsky-Feder E. (2011) ‘Epilogue: Theoretical and comparative notes on reserve forces’, Armed Forces & Society, 37(2), p. 361. doi: 10.1177/0095327X10396652.
• 4. Ben-Ari E., Lomsky-Feder E. and Gazit N. (2008) ‘Reserve soldiers as transmigrants: Moving between the civilian and military worlds’, Armed Forces & Society, 34(4), pp. 593–614. doi: 10.1177/0095327X07312090.
• 5. Benkő T. (2020) A Magyar Honvédség kiemelkedő szerepet kíván vállalni a munkahelyteremtésben. Tájékoztató oldal a koronavírusról (The Hungarian Defence Forces wants to play an outstanding role in job creation. Information page about the coronavirus). Available at: https://koronavirus.gov.hu/cikkek/benko-tibor-magyar-honvedseg-kiemelkedo-szerepet-kivan-vallalni-munkahelyteremtesben (Accessed: 15 August 2021).
• 6. Buzan B. (2008) People, states and fear: An agenda for international security studies in the post–cold war era. New York, NY: Harvester Wheatsheaf.
• 7. Csaba G. (2002) ‘Hungary in NATO: A solid bond of common values and shared interests’, Intermarium, 5(1–2). Available at: https://ciaotest.cc.columbia.edu/olj/int/int_0501c.pdf (Accessed: 10 August 2021).
• 8. Dandeker C., Greenberg N. and Orme G. (2011) ‘The UK’s reserve forces: Retrospect and prospect’, Armed Forces & Society, 37(2), p. 342. doi: 10.1177/0095327X11398332.
• 9. Demeter F., Ujházy L. and Vastagh L. (2016) Magyar Tartalékosok Szövetsége: Tizenöt éve híd a társadalom és a honvédség között (Association of Hungarian Reservists: A bridge between society and the national defence for fifteen years). Budapest: Honvédelmi Minisztérium Zrínyi Térképészeti és Kommunikációs Szolgáltató Nonprofit Kft, pp. 13–23.
• 10. Hegedűs J. (2019) ‘A Magyar Honvédség tartalékerejének aktuális helyzete (The current situation of the reserve forces of the Hungarian Defence Forces)’, Honvédségi Szemle, 147(3), pp. 46–60.
• 11. Hungarian Defence Forces (2021) Önkéntes Katonai Szolgálat (Voluntary Military Service). Available at: https://honvedelem.hu/OKSZ.html (Accessed: 20 May 2022).
• 12. Kádár P. and Vanyur T. (2013) ‘Szemelvények a magyar önkéntes tartalékos rendszer múltjáról, jelenéről és jövőjéről (Excerpts on the past, present and future of the Hungarian volunteer reserve system)’, Hadtudomány, 23(3–4), pp. 82–96.
• 13. Kiss A.P. (2014) Winning wars amongst the people: Case studies in asymmetric conflict. Dulles, VA: Potomac Books.
• 14. Kladek A. (1999) ‘A tartalékos koncepció (The reserve concept)’, Humán Szemle, 15(1), pp. 14–31.
• 15. Kladek A. and Ujházy L. (2014) ‘A Magyar Honvédség önkéntes tartalékos rendszeréhez kapcsolódó munkáltatói támogató program vizsgálata (Examining the employer support programme related to the volunteer reserve system of the Hungarian Defence Forces)’, Honvédségi Szemle, 142(6), pp. 69–81.
• 16. Molnár F. (2012) ‘Egy sikeresebb válságkezelés felé: a civil szakértelem szükségessége a NATO stabilizációs és újjáépítési feladatai során (Towards a more successful crisis management: The need for civilian expertise in NATO stabilisation and reconstruction operations)’, Nemzet és Biztonság / Nation and Security, 5(4), pp. 10–23.
• 17. NATO Military Agency for Standardisation (2001) Peace support operations AJP-3.4.1, Available at: https://info.publicintelligence.net/NATO-PeaceSupport.pdf (Accessed: 10 August 2021).
• 18. NATO Public Diplomacy Division (2006) NATO handbook. Brussels: Public Diplomacy Division.
• 19. Pengelley R. (1995) ‘Twice a citizen’, International Defence Review, 28(8), p. 1.
• 20. Segal D.R. and Tiggle R.B. (1997) ‘Attitudes of citizen-soldiers toward military missions in the post–cold war world’, Armed Forces & Society, 23(3), pp. 373–390. doi: 10.1177/0095327X9702300304.
• 21. Simicskó I. (2008) Az országvédelem és országmozgósítás szervezeti, hatásköri, irányítási rendszere minősített időszakokban (Történelmi korokon át napjaink hatályos jogi szabályozásáig) (The organizational, authority, and management system of national defence and national mobilization in state of emergency (Through historical periods up to today’s effective legal regulations. Doctoral dissertation. Budapest: Zrínyi Miklós National Defence University.
• 22. Soeters J. (2003) ‘Organizational cultures in the military’, in Caforio G. (ed.), Handbook of the sociology of the military. New York, NY: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publisher, pp. 251–272.
• 23. Szenes Z. (2009) ‘Magyar haderő-átalakítás a NATO-tagság idején (Hungarian force transformation during NATO membership)’, Nemzet és Biztonság / Nation and Security, 2(3) pp. 33–43.
• 24. Székely Z. and Ujházy L. (2017) ‘The perspectives for the volunteer reserve system in Hungary’, Nemzet és Biztonság / Nation and Security, 9 (Special Issue), pp. 94–101.
• 25. Székely Z. and Ujházy L. (2020) ‘Strengthening the resilience of the Hungarian society using volunteer reserves’, Vojenské Reflexie, 15(2), pp. 7–28.
• 26. Szűcs L. (2002) ‘Az első önkéntes tartalékos (The first volunteer reservist)’, Magyar Honvéd, 13(47), pp. 89–101.
• 27. Tóth G. and Ujházy L. (2016) ‘NATO reservists in the new security environment: The world’s largest organization of reservists held a security forum and a winter meeting’, Defence Review: The Central Journal of the HDF, 144(2), pp. 261–271.
• 28. Ujházy L. (2010) ‘A NATO Tartalékos Egészségügyi Tisztek Szövetsége (The interallied confederation of medical reserve officers)’, Honvédorvos, 62(1–2), pp. 66–72.
• 29. Ujházy L. (2011) Tartalékos szövetségek a NATO-ban (Reserve associations in NATO). Doctoral dissertation. Budapest: Zrínyi Miklós National Defence University, pp. 7–108.
• 30. Ujházy L. (2013) ‘Some thoughts on the command structure of EUFOR Operation ALTHEA’, Műszaki Katonai Közlöny, 22(Special Issue), pp. 10–11.
• 31. Ujházy L. (2017) ‘What about the reserves in Hungary?: Some thoughts on the transformation to an all-volunteer force in Hungary from the perspective of the reserve forces’, Nemzet és Biztonság / Nation and Security, 9(Special Issue), pp. 91–92.
• 32. Ujházy L. (2018) ‘The role of reservists and reserve associations today’, Security and Defence Quarterly, 19(2), pp. 3–12. doi: 10.5604/01.3001.0012.1469.
• 33. Weitz R. (2007) The reserve policies of nations: A comparative analysis. Carlisle Barracks, PA: Strategic Studies Institute, U.S. Army War College.