Knitted Heating Mats

• Autorzy: Pieklak Katarzyna , Mikołajczyk Zbigniew , Łopińska Julianna

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.2478/ftee-2023-0053

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The paper deals with conceptual designs and research on flexible knitted heating mats differing in construction from textile heaters on low-elastic woven or nonwoven-foil substrates. Two variants of heating mats with elasticity from 100 to 300 % of relative elongation were designed and manufactured using knitting technology. The heating elements of the mats were parallel-connected sets of electrically conducted carbon threads and synthetic threads coated with silver. With considerable elongation in the range of 210÷270 % no damage was observed to the heating elements and resistance changes during the stretching process equaled from 0.015 to 0.22 Ω/% of elongation. The optimum power of the knitted heater in the range from 16 to 41 W, with high thermal efficiency for a 12 V supply voltage, was obtained thanks to proper density of the electrically conductive threads (resistors) and the appropriate structure of the knitted fabric. The surface temperature of the heater can be adjusted from 34 to 43 °C, which corresponds to human thermal comfort. One of the variants of the knitted heaters was applied in the construction of the seat and backrest of an office chair

Słowa kluczowe

EN

knitting; heating mat; electroconductive thread; weft knitted fabric; warp knitted fabric; specific resistance; heating power

• Wydawca: Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Łódzki Instytut Technologiczny
• Czasopismo: Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe
• Rocznik: 2023
• Tom: Vol. 31, no. 6
• Strony: 39--50
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 14 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Pieklak Katarzyna

• Lodz University of Technology, Faculty of Material Technologies and Textile Design, Institute of Material Science of Textile and Polymer Composites, S. Zeromskiego 116, 90-543 Lodz, Poland

autor

Mikołajczyk Zbigniew

• Lodz University of Technology, Faculty of Material Technologies and Textile Design, Institute of Material Science of Textile and Polymer Composites, S. Zeromskiego 116, 90-543 Lodz, Poland

autor

Łopińska Julianna

Bibliografia

• 1. Walczak S. Inteligentne tekstylia – międzynarodowe innowacje w tekstronice, Intelligent textiles - international innovations in textronics, 103 – 121, first edition, www.proakademia.eu (in polish)
• 2. Takagi T. Present State and Future of the Intelligent Materials and Systems in Japan. Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures. 1999;10.
• 3. Gniotek K, Stempień Z, Zięba J. Tekstronics- a new area of knowledge. Przegląd Włókienniczy. 2/2003; 1731-8645. (in polish)
• 4. Gniotek K, Krucińska I. The Basic Problems of Textronics. Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe. 2004; 12, No 1 (45):13-16.
• 5. Wiak S. Mechatronics - volume 2. Lodz. Akademicka Oficyna Wydawnicza Exit. 2010; 425-487. ISBN: 978-83-60434-85- 7. (in polish)
• 6. Wojciechowski S. Intelligent materials state of the problem 2003. Materials Engineering. 2004; 2, 59 p. (in polish)
• 7. Leśnikowski J. Modeling of textile signal lines for textronic applications. No 1167, Lodz: Zeszyty Naukowe PŁ; 2013, 197 p., ISSN 0137-4834. (in polish)
• 8. Tokarska M. New approach to the assessment of electro-conductive properties of textile anisotropic structures. No 1135, Lodz: Zeszyty Naukowe PŁ; 2015, 124 p., ISSN 0137-4834. (in polish)
• 9. Borowik L, Jakubas A. Measurements of selected electrical parameters of textile materials for applications in intelligent clothing. Przegląd Elektrotechniczny. 2015; 1: 115-117. (in polish)
• 10. Andrysiak J, Sikorski K, Frydrych I. Textile heating elements with electrically conductive yarns, evaluation of properties. Fabric heating elements. Przegląd Włókienniczy, 2002; 9: 51-53. (in polish)
• 11. Bendkowska W. Smart textiles: overview of applications. Vol. 2, Electrically conductive textiles and textiles integrated with electronic microsystems. Przegląd Włókienniczy, 2002; 9: 16-19. (in polish)
• 12. Łopińska J. Construction of upholstery fabrics in the design of armchairs enhancing the physiological comfort of use. Diploma thesis, TUL, Lodz, 2017, 120 p. (in polish)
• 13. Information materials of the company Produktions & Vertriebs GmbH, 2014.
• 14. Karbownik I. Fiber modification using selected techniques and nanotechnology. Monografie Politechniki Łódzkiej, Lodz, 2016, 180 p. ISBN: 978-83-7283-736-3 (in polish)