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The objective of this paper is an experimental study of the most crucial parameters of the received acoustic signals (e.g. signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), side-lobes level (SLL), axial resolution) obtained as a result of simultaneous emission of mutually orthogonal Golay complementary sequences (MOGCS) to demonstrate their feasibility of being used in ultrasound diagnostics. Application of the MOGCS in ultrasound measurements allows the image reconstruction time to be shortened without decreasing the resulting quality of reconstructed images in comparison with regular complementary Golay coded sequences (CGCS). In this paper two sets of 16-bits long MOGCS were implemented in the Verasonics Vantage™ (Verasonics Inc., Kirkland, WA, USA) scanner. Ultrasound data were generated using a perfect reflector, a custom-made nylon wire phantom and tissue mimicking phantom. Parameters of the detected MOGCS echoes like SNR, SLL and axial resolution were determined and compared to that of the standard CGCS and the short two-sine cycles pulse. It was evidenced that applying MOGCS did not compromise the parameters of the separated and compressed echoes in comparison to the other types of transmitted signal – the CGCS and the short pulse. Concretely, both the MOGCS and CGCS yield similar SNR increase in comparison to the short pulse. Almost similar values of the axial resolution estimated at the full width at the half maximum level for all types of the transmitted signals were also obtained. At the same time, using the MOGCS the data acquisition speed can be increased twice in comparison with the CGCS signal.
Wydawca
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
399--405
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 18 poz., rys., wykr.
Twórcy
autor
- Ultrasound Department Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw, Poland
autor
- Ultrasound Department Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw, Poland
autor
- Ultrasound Department Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw, Poland
autor
- Ultrasound Department Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw, Poland
Bibliografia
- 1. Bae M.H. (2003), Ultrasound imaging method and apparatus using orthogonal Golay codes, U.S. Patent US6638227B2.
- 2. Bae M.-H., Lee W.-Y, Jeong M.-K., Kwon S.-J. (2002), Orthogonal Golay code based ultrasonic imaging without reducing frame rate, [in:] 2002 IEEE Ultrasonic Symposium, 2002. Proceedings, 2: 1705-1708, https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.2002.1192625.
- 3. Chiao R.Y., Thomas L.J. (2000), Synthetic transmit aperture imaging using orthogonal Golay coded excitation, [in:] 2000 IEEE Ultrasonics Symposium. Proceedings. An International Symposium (Cat. No.00CH37121), 2: 1677-1680, https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.2000.921644.
- 4. Golay M. (1961), Complementary series, [in:] IRE Transactions on Information Theory, 7(2): 82-87, https://doi.org/10.1109/TIT.1961.1057620.
- 5. Huang X. (2005), Simple implementation of mutually orthogonal complementary sets of sequences, [in:] 2005 International Symposium on Intelligent Signal Processing and Communication Systems, pp. 369-372, https://doi.org/10.1109/ISPACS.2005.1595423.
- 6. Kim B.-H., Song T.-K. (2003), Multiple transmit focusing using modified orthogonal Golay codes for small scale systems, [in:] IEEE Symposium on Ultrasonics, pp. 1574-1577, https://doi.org/10.1109/ULTSYM.2003.1293208.
- 7. Kumru Y., Koymen H. (2018), Beam coding with orthogonal complementary Golay codes for signal-to-noise ratio improvement in ultrasound mammography, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 144(3): 1888-1888, https://doi.org/10.1121/1.5068277.
- 8. Misaridis T. (2001), Ultrasound imaging using coded signals, Center for Fast Ultrasound Imaging Technical University of Denmark, PhD Thesis, pages 194.
- 9. Nowicki A., Secomski W., Litniewski J., Trots I. (2003), On the application of signal compression using Golay’s codes sequences in ultrasound diagnostic, Archives of Acoustics, 28(4): 313-324.
- 10. Peng H., Han X., Lu J. (2006), Study on application of complementary Golay code into high frame rate ultrasonic imaging system, Ultrasonics, 44: e93-e96.
- 11. Tian L., Lu X., Xu C., Li Y. (2021), New mutually orthogonal complementary sets with non-power-of-two lengths, IEEE Signal Processing Letters, 28: 359-363, https://doi.org/10.1109/LSP.2021.3054565.
- 12. Trots I. (2015), Mutually orthogonal Golay complementary sequences in synthetic aperture imaging systems, Archives of Acoustics, 40(2): 283-289, http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aoa-2015-0031.
- 13. Trots I., Nowicki A., Secomski W., Litniewski J. (2004), Golay sequences - side-lobe canceling codes for ultrasonography, Archives of Acoustics, 29(1): 87-97.
- 14. Trots I., Tasinkevych Y., Nowicki A. (2015), Orthogonal Golay codes with local beam pattern correction in ultrasonic imaging, IEEE Signal Processing Letters, 22(10): 1681-1684, http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/LSP.2015.2423619.
- 15. Trots I., Tasinkevych Y., Nowicki A., Lewandowski M. (2011), Golay coded sequences in synthetic aperture imaging systems, Archives of Acoustics, 36(4): 913-926.
- 16. Tseng C.C., Liu C.L. (1972), Complementary sets of sequences, IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 18: 644-652, https://doi.org/10.1109/TIT.1972.1054860.
- 17. Wu S.-W., Chen C.-Y., Liu Z. (2021), How to construct mutually orthogonal complementary sets with non-power-of two lengths?, IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 67(6): 3464-3472, https://doi.org/10.1109/TIT.2020.2980818.
- 18. Zhao F., Luo J. (2018), Diverging wave compounding with spatio-temporal encoding using orthogonal Golay pairs for high frame rate imaging, Ultrasonics, 89: 155-165, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultras.2018.05.009.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
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