Performance of a drop-in biofuel emulsion on a single-cylinder research diesel engine

• Autorzy: Bogarra-Macias M. , Doustdar O. , Fayad M. A. , Wyszyński M. L. , Tsolakis A. , Ding P. , Pacek A. , Martin P. , Overend R. , O'Leary S.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.19206/CE-2016-324

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Current targets in reducing CO2 and other greenhouse gases as well as fossil fuel depletion have promoted the research for alternatives to petroleum-based fuels. Pyrolysis oil (PO) from biomass and waste oil is seen as a method to reduce life-cycle CO2, broaden the energy mix and increase the use of renewable fuels. The abundancy and low prices of feedstock have attracted the attention of biomass pyrolysis in order to obtain energy-dense products. Research has been carried out in optimising the pyrolysis process, finding efficient ways to convert the waste to energy. However, the pyrolysis products have a high content in water, high viscosity and high corrosiveness which makes them unsuitable for engine combustion. Upgrading processes such as gasification, trans-esterification or hydro-deoxynegation are then needed. These processes are normally costly and require high energy input. Thus, emulsification in fossil fuels or alcohols is being used as an alternative. In this research work, the feasibility of using PO-diesel emulsion in a single-cylinder diesel engine has been investigated. In-cylinder pressure, regulated gaseous emissions, particulate matter, fuel consumption and lubricity analysis reported. The tests were carried out of a stable non-corrosive wood pyrolysis product produced by Future Blends Ltd of Milton Park, Oxfordshire, UK. The product is trademarked by FBL, and is a stabilized fraction of raw pyrolysis oil produced in a process for which the patent is pending. The results show an increase in gaseous emissions, fuel consumption and a reduction in soot. The combustion was delayed with the emulsified fuel and a high variability was observed during engine operation.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

pyrolysis oil; emulsion; wood pyrolysis; engine testing

PL

olej popirolityczny; emulsja; piroliza drewna; badania silnika

• Wydawca: Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
• Czasopismo: Combustion Engines
• Rocznik: 2016
• Tom: R. 55, nr 3
• Strony: 9--16
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 18 poz., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Bogarra-Macias M.

• School of Engineering at University of Birmingham

autor

Doustdar O.

• School of Engineering at University of Birmingham

autor

Fayad M. A.

• School of Engineering at University of Birmingham

autor

Wyszyński M. L.

• School of Engineering at University of Birmingham

autor

Tsolakis A.

• School of Mechanical Engineering at University of Birmingham

autor

Ding P.

• School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham

autor

Pacek A.

• School of Chemical Engineering at University of Birmingham

autor

Martin P.

• School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science at University of Manchester

autor

Overend R.

• Future Blends Ltd.

autor

O'Leary S.

• Future Blends Ltd.

Bibliografia

• [1] Gollakota, A.R.K. et al. A review on the upgradation techniques of pyrolysis oil. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2016;58:1543-1568.
• [2] Kan, T., Strezov, V., Evans, T.J. Lignocellulosic biomass pyrolysis: A review of product properties and effects of pyrolysis parameters. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2016;57:1126-1140.
• [3] Lam, S.S. et al. Progress in waste oil to sustainable energy, with emphasis on pyrolysis techniques. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2016;53:741-753.
• [4] Goyal, H.B., Seal, D., Saxena, R.C. Bio-fuels from thermochemical conversion of renewable resources: A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2008; 12(2):504-517.
• [5] Papari, S., Hawboldt, K. A review on the pyrolysis of woody biomass to bio-oil: Focus on kinetic models. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2015;52:1580-1595.
• [6] Sánchez, M.E. et al. Pyrolysis of agricultural residues from rape and sunflowers: Production and characterization of biofuels and biochar soil management. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 2009;85(1-2):142-144.
• [7] Miskolczi, N. et al. Production of pyrolytic oils by catalytic pyrolysis of Malaysian refuse-derived fuels in continuously stirred batch reactor. Fuel Processing Technology 2011;92(5):925-932.
• [8] Kim, T.Y., Lee, S., Kang, K. Performance and emission characteristics of a high-compression-ratio diesel engine fueled with wood pyrolysis oil-butanol blended fuels. Energy 2015;93:2241-2250.
• [9] Mullen, C.A. et al. Bio-oil and bio-char production from corn cobs and stover by fast pyrolysis. Biomass and Bioenergy 2010;34(1):67-74.
• [10] Thangalazhy-Gopakumar, S. et al. Physiochemical properties of bio-oil produced at various temperatures from pine wood using an auger reactor. Bioresour Technol. 2010;101(21):8389-95.
• [11] Guo, Z., Wang, S., Wang, X. Stability mechanism investigation of emulsion fuels from biomass pyrolysis oil and diesel. Energy 2014;66:250-255.
• [12] Zhang, Q. et al. Review of biomass pyrolysis oil properties and upgrading research. Energy Conversion and Management 2007;48(1):87-92.
• [13] Ghannam, M.T., Selim, M.Y.E. Stability Behavior of Waterin-Diesel Fuel Emulsion. Petroleum Science and Technology 2009;27(4):396-411.
• [14] Bridgwater, A.V. Principles and practice of biomass fast pyrolysis processes for liquids. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis 1999;51:3–22.
• [15] Yang, S.I. et al. Application of biomass fast pyrolysis part II: The effects that bio-pyrolysis oil has on the performance of diesel engines. Energy 2014;66:172-180.
• [16] Hossain, A.K. et al. Combustion of fuel blends containing digestate pyrolysis oil in a multi-cylinder compression ignition engine. Fuel 2016;171:18-28.
• [17] Sukjit, E. Synergistic effects of alcohol-based renewable fuels: fuel properties and emissions, PhD Thesis in School of Mechanical Engineering 2013, University of Birmingham, p. 171.
• [18] Eslami, F. Properties, performance and emissions of biofuels in blends with gasoline. PhD Thesis in School of Engineering. 2013, The University of Birmingham, p. 139.

Uwagi

PL

Opracowanie ze środków MNiSW w ramach umowy 812/P-DUN/2016 na działalność upowszechniającą naukę.