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Impact of the protection of critical infrastructure facilities on the management of public transport and tourism economy on the example of Świnoujście

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EN
Abstrakty
EN
Critical infrastructure facilities, especially those located close to urban agglomerations, can cause serious difficulties for tourists. An example of such a situation is Poland’s only sea-land LNG terminal located in one of Poland’s three seaports of strategic importance to the national economy, Świnoujście. This port is located in the center of the city, which borders Germany, and is a very popular sea resort for both compatriots and foreign tourists. On the basis of a critical analysis of the literature, a comparative analysis, and the method of inductive-deductive reasoning, the authors point out a research gap in the field of transportation problems in critical infrastructure areas. The purpose of this article is to present current transportation problems resulting from the introduction of a closed transportation zone within critical infrastructure. In this article, the authors focus on presenting the effects of the aforementioned restriction on the tourism economy. One of them is a reduction in the ability to reach important historical sites and, thus, a significant decrease in interest in these monuments. The authors, with the help of observations, interviews, and a comparative method, analyzed possible solutions to transportation problems and proposed the most favorable solution. The proposed scenarios include three modes of transportation: road, rail, and water. Currently, the only possible solution is water transport. Consequently, the authors proposed an innovative and inviting means of transport for tourists, which is electric water cabs. An analysis of the effectiveness of such boats is made, and their additional added value for the environment and the image of the city and port as nature-friendly are pointed out.
Rocznik
Strony
84--94
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 33 poz., rys., tab.
Twórcy
  • Maritime University of Szczecin, Faculty of Economics and Transport Engineering 11 H. Pobożnego St., 70-507 Szczecin, Poland
  • Maritime University of Szczecin, Faculty of Economics and Transport Engineering 11 H. Pobożnego St., 70-507 Szczecin, Poland
Bibliografia
  • 1. Alumax (2024) Watertaxi 30 XL [Online]. Available from: https://alumaxboats.nl/en/aluminum-electric-watertaxi-30-xl/ [Accessed: February 23, 2025].
  • 2. Analytical Solutions and Products (2024) LNG Terminals over the world: Complete list and map 2024. [Online]. Available from: https://www.asap.nl/lng-terminals-overthe-world-complete-list-and-map-2024/ [Accessed: September 23, 2024].
  • 3. Balta, D.D., Kaç, S.B., Balta, M., Oğur, N.B. & Eken, S. (2025) Cybersecurity-aware log management system for critical water infrastructures. Applied Soft Computing 169, 112613, doi: 10.1016/j.asoc.2024.112613.
  • 4. Bueger, C. & Liebetrau, T. (2023) Critical maritime infrastructure protection: What’s the trouble? Marine Policy 155, 105772, doi: 10.1016/j.marpol.2023.105772.
  • 5. Davis, R., Bace, B. & Tatar, U. (2024) Space as a critical infrastructure: An in-depth analysis of U.S. and EU approaches. Acta Astronautica 225, pp. 263‒272, doi: 10.1016/j. actaastro.2024.08.053.
  • 6. Fošner, A., Bertoncelj, B., Poznič, T. & Fink, L. (2024) Risk analysis of critical infrastructure with the MOSAR method. Heliyon 10 (4), e26439, doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon. 2024.e26439.
  • 7. Gebhard, T., Sattler, B. J., Gunkel, J., Marquard, M. & Tundis, A. (2025) Improving the resilience of socio-technical urban critical infrastructures with digital twins: Challenges, concepts, and modeling. Sustainability Analytics and Modeling 5, 100036, doi: 10.1016/j.samod.2024.100036.
  • 8. Henriques, J., Caldeira, F., Cruz, T. & Simões, P. (2023) A forensics and compliance auditing framework for critical infrastructure protection. International Journal of Critical Infrastructure Protection 42, 100613, doi: 10.1016/j. ijcip.2023.100613.
  • 9. Hossain, N.U.I., El Amrani, S., Jaradat, R., Marufuzzaman, M., Buchanan, R., Rinaudo, C. & Hamilton, M. (2020) Modeling and assessing interdependencies between critical infrastructures using Bayesian network: A case study of inland waterway port and surrounding supply chain network. Reliability Engineering & System Safety 198, 106898, doi: 10.1016/j.ress.2020.106898.
  • 10. Ighravwe, D.E. & Mashao, D. (2023) Application of a fuzzy multi-criteria decision framework for safety-critical maritime infrastructure evaluation. Heliyon 9 (7), e17782, doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17782.
  • 11. Journal of Laws (2023) Act of 26 April 2007 on Crisis Management, item 122. Journal of Laws of 2013, item 1166 and of 2015, item 1485.
  • 12. Journal of Laws (2024) Journal of Laws of 2023, item 1478, consolidated text of the Water Law Act.
  • 13. Kaśkosz, K. (2021) Analysis and evaluation of ferry services in the Baltic Sea region in the context of environmental solutions. Quality Production Improvement 3, pp. 357‒368, doi: 10.2478/cqpi-2021-0035.
  • 14. Komunikacja Autobusowa (2024) [Online]. Available from: https://www.ka.swinoujscie.pl [Accessed: September 14, 2024].
  • 15. Kopiika, N., Di Bari, R., Argyroudis, S., Ninic, J. & Mitoulis, S.A. (2025) Sustainability and resilience-driven prioritisation for restoring critical infrastructure after major disasters and conflict. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 139, 104592, doi: 10.1016/j. trd.2025.104592.
  • 16. McAlister, M.M., Murali, P.S., Zhang, Q., Wells, E.C. & Mohebbi, S. (2024) Improving and quantifying organizational resilience for sustainable management of critical infrastructures: A multi-level system dynamics approach. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 115, 105079, doi: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2024.105079.
  • 17. Nick, F.C., Sänger, N., van der Heijden, S. & Sandholz, S. (2023) Collaboration is key: Exploring the 2021 flood response for critical infrastructures in Germany. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction 91, 103710, doi: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2023.103710.
  • 18. Nowakowski, P.T. (2014) Komunikacją miejską po wodzie. Komunikacja Publiczna 1 (54).
  • 19. Odkryj Pomorze (2024) Wodne Taxi RIB. [Online]. Available from: https://odkryjpomorze.pl/jak-i-gdzie/lodzie-ribwodne-taxi-pomorskie [Accessed: September 30, 2024].
  • 20. Official Journal of the European Union (2005) Directive 2005/65/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of October 26, 2005 on enhancing port security. L. 310, dated 25.11.2005.
  • 21. Official Journal of the European Union (2008) Council Directive 2008/114/EC of 8 December 2008 on the Identification and Designation of European Critical Infrastructures and the Assessment of the Need to Improve their Protection (Text with EEA relevance), L 3450.
  • 22. Ośrodek Sportu i Rekreacji (2024) Taksówka wodna rozpoczyna kursy po jeziorze. [Online]. Available from: https://osir.szczecinek.pl/aktualnosci/taksowka-wodnarozpoczyna-kursy-po-jeziorze.html [Accessed: September 26, 2024].
  • 23. Parker ribs (2024) Parker 900 RS. [Online]. Available from: http://parkerribs.com/parker_900_rs.html [Accessed: February 23, 2025].
  • 24. Portal Morski (2024) Wodne taksówki w polskich aglomeracjach? [Online]. Available from: https://www.portalmorski. pl/inne/55352-wodne-taksowki-w-polskich-aglomeracjach [Accessed: September 23, 2024].
  • 25. Romero-Faz, D. & Camarero-Orive, A. (2017). Risk assessment of critical infrastructures – New parameters for commercial ports. International Journal of Critical Infrastructure Protection 18, pp. 50–57, doi: 10.1016/j. ijcip.2017.07.001.
  • 26. Tubielewicz, A. & Forkiewicz, M. (2011) Seaports as an element of supply chain critical infrastructure. Logistyka 2, pp. 567‒578 (in Polish).
  • 27. Tubielewicz, A., Forkiewicz, M. & Kowalczyk, P. (2010a) Assessment of port facilities security in crisis management. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies 19, 4A, pp. 111–114.
  • 28. Tubielewicz, A., Forkiewicz, M. & Kowalczyk, P. (2010b) Planning of the seaports critical infrastructure protection in the light of the ISPS Code requirements. Scientific Journals Maritime University of Szczecin, Zeszyty Naukowe Akademia Morska w Szczecinie 24 (96), pp. 35–140.
  • 29. Tubielewicz, A., Forkiewicz, M. & Kowalczyk, P. (2010c) Zarządzanie kryzysowe w portach morskich. Knosala, R. (Ed.) Komputerowo zintegrowane zarządzanie, t. 2, pp. 580–586.
  • 30. Vessel Finder (2024) Adler Baltica. [Online]. Available from: https://www.vesselfinder.com/pl/vessels/details/8400086 [Accessed: Septemb.
  • 31. Wach-Kłosowska, M. & Rześny-Cieplińska, J. (2018) Intelligent and sustainable development of transportation as an element of implementation of the smart city concept – Polish and European examples. Studia Miejskie 30, pp. 99‒108, doi: 10.25167/sm2018.030.07 (in Polish).
  • 32. Wróbel, R. & Kustra, W. (2021) Wprowadzenie do problematyki bezpieczeństwa morskiej infrastruktury państwa. Scientific Reports of Fire University, Zeszyty Naukowe SGSP 78, pp. 169–193, doi: 10.5604/01.3001.0015.0087.
  • 33. Żywucka-Kozłowska, E. & Broniecka, R. (2024) Security threats to port critical infrastructure. Cybersecurity and Law 2 (12), pp. 273‒281, doi: 10.35467/cal/188576.
Uwagi
Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa nr POPUL/SP/0154/2024/02 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki II" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2025).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-5ee55149-eee1-419f-8b28-ade807ff5b54
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