Testing the rocks loosening process by undercutting anchors

• Autorzy: Siegmund Michał , Kalita Marek , Bałaga Domink , Kaczmarczyk Krzysztof , Jonak Józef

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.2478/sgem-2019-0052

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The method of unconventional solid rock loosening with undercutting anchors and the literature analysis of the problem are presented. The tests and test results of the rocks loosening process with a fixed undercutting anchor are described. The tests were carried out within the RODEST project, OPUS 10 competition No. 2015/19/B/ST10/02817, financed by the National Science Centre. Numerical modeling process as well as a series of laboratory and in situ tests were carried out. The test stand equipment and methodology for the in situ tests are presented. The tests were conducted in four mines, which allowed to obtain and determine the following characteristics: 1. loosening force as a function of anchoring depth (for a given type of rock), 2. the range of rock loosening in a function of anchoring depth (for a given type of rock), and 3. loosened rock volume as a function of anchoring depth (for a given type of rock). The in situ test results are compared with the concrete capacity design (CCD) model used for the calculation of anchor load capacity in concrete.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

destroying the integrity of rocks; tearing out rock fragments; mine rescue operations; unconventional rock cutting; rock strength tests

• Wydawca: De Gruyter
• Czasopismo: Studia Geotechnica et Mechanica
• Rocznik: 2020
• Tom: Vol. 42, nr 3
• Strony: 276--290
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 24 poz., tab., rys.

Twórcy

autor

Siegmund Michał

• KOMAG Institute of Mining Technology, Pszczyńska 37, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland

autor

Kalita Marek

• KOMAG Institute of Mining Technology, Pszczyńska 37, 44-100 Gliwice,Poland

autor

Bałaga Domink

• KOMAG Institute of Mining Technology, Pszczyńska 37, 44-100 Gliwice,Poland

autor

Kaczmarczyk Krzysztof

• KOMAG Institute of Mining Technology, Pszczyńska 37, 44-100 Gliwice,Poland

autor

Jonak Józef

• Lublin University of Technology, Faculty of MechanicalEngineering, Nadbystrzycka 36, 20-618 Lublin, Poland

Bibliografia

• [1] ACI Committee 355. (1991). State-of-the-art report on anchorage to concrete (ACI 355.1R-91). Reapproved 1997. Detroit, USA: American Concrete Institute.
• [2] Ashour, A., & Alqedra, M. (2005). Concrete breakout strength of single anchors in tension using neural networks. Advances in Engineering Software, 36(2), 87-97.
• [3] Brincker, R., Ulfkjær, J. P., Adamsen, P., Langvad, L., & Toft, R. (1995). Analytical Model for Hook Anchor Pull-out. In R. Widmann (Ed.), Proceedings of the International Symposium on Anchors in Theory and Practice: Salzburg, Austria, 9-10 october 1995 (pp. 3-15)
• [4] Cebula, D. (2015). Wyniki badań dołowych technologii mechanicznego odspajania skał. In Nowoczesne metody eksploatacji węgla i skał zwięzłych: Monografia (The results of underground testing of mechanical rock break technology. Modern methods of coal and solid rock mining. Monograph. – in polish) (pp.212-222). Kraków: Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica.
• [5] CEN/TC250, “EN1992-4 - Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures - Part 4: Design of fastenings for use in concrete,” 2018.
• [6] CEN/TS 1992-4-1: Design of fastenings for use in concrete - Part 4-1: General, CEN, Brussels, 2009.
• [7] Comite Euro-International du Beton (CEB). (1994). Fastenings to concrete and masonry structures. London, England: Thomas Telford Services Ltd.
• [8] Drwięga, A., et. al. (2014). Sprawozdanie za rok 2014 z realizacji projektu INREQ (Report for 2014 on the implementation of the INREQ project – in polish),. Unpublished Report. Gliwice: ITG KOMAG.
• [9] Fuchs, W., Eligehausen, R., Breen, J.E. (1995). Concrete capacity design (CCD) approach for fastening to concrete. ACI Structure Journal, 92 (1), 73-94.
• [10] Gontarz, J., Podgórski, J., Jonak, J., Kalita, M., & Siegmund, M. (2019). Comparison between numerical analysis and actual results for a pull-out test. Engineering Transactions, 67(3), 311- 331. doi:10.24423/EngTrans.1005.20190815
• [11] Gontarz, J., Podgórski, J., Siegmund, M. (2017). Comparison of crack propagation analyses in a pull-out test: AIP Conference Proceedings. 1922. doi: 10.1063/1.5019141
• [12] Hariyadi, Munemoto, S., & Sonoda, Y. (2017). Experimental analysis of anchor bolt in concrete under the pull-out loading. Paper presented at the Procedia Engineering, , 171 926-933. doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2017.01.391
• [13] Hilti. (2014). Anchor Fastening: Technology Manual, 09. Retrieved from https://www.hilti.group/content/dam/documents/pdf/a1/singapore/thailand-products-catalog/Thailand-Anchor%20 Fastening%20Technology%20Manual-th.pdf
• [14] Jonak, J., & Siegmund, M. (2019). FEM 3D analysis of rock cone failure range during pull-out of undercut anchors. Paper presented at the IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, , 710(1) doi:10.1088/1757-899X/710/1/012046
• [15] Jonak, J., Siegmund, M., et al. (2018). Sprawozdanie z realizacji zadania 2 projektu RODEST (Report on implementation of tasks 2 of the RODEST project – in polish), Unpublished Research Paper. Gliwice: ITG KOMAG.
• [16] Kalita, M., & Prostański, D. (2012). Technologia drążenia tuneli ratowniczych metodą niszczenia spójności skał. (Technology of rescue tunneling by use of rock cohesion damaging method – in polish) Przegląd Górniczy, 12. 86-91. 1
• [17] Klich, A. Et al. (1998). Niekonwencjonalne techniki urabiania skał (Unconventional rock mining techniques – in polish). Katowice: Wydawnictwo Śląsk.
• [18] Nilforoush, R. (2019)- A Refined Model for Predicting Concrete- Related Failure Load of Tension Loaded Cast-in-Place Headed Anchors in Uncracked Concrete. Nordic Concrete Research Volume 60 (2019), (pp. 105-129) doi:10.2478/ncr-2019-0091
• [19] Piccinin, R.; Ballarini, R.; Cattaneo, S. Pullout Capacity of Headed Anchors in Prestressed Concrete. Journal of Engineering Mechanics 2012, 138, 877-887.
• [20] Siegmund, M., & Jonak, J. (2017). Analiza wyników badań wstępnych oraz określenie kierunku dalszych prac badawczych technologii drążenia tuneli ratowniczych metodą mechanicznego odspojenia. Analysis of the results of preliminary studies and determination of direction of further research work on technology of drilling the rescue tunnels by the method of mechanical loosening - in polish), Cuprum, 1, 57-71
• [21] Siegmund, M., & Jonak, J. (2019). Analysis of the process of loosening the rocks with different strength properties using the undercutting bolts. Paper presented at the IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, , 679(1) doi:10.1088/1757-899X/679/1/012014
• [22] Subramanian, N. Recent developments in the design of anchor bolts, 7he IndianConcrete Journal, July 2000, Vol. 74, No. 7, pp. 407-414.
• [23] Tan, E. L., Varsani, H., Liao, F. Y. (2019). Experimental study on demountable steel-concrete connectors subjected to combined shear and tension. Engineering Structures, 183, 110-123. doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.12.08
• [24] Tomiczek, K. (2017-2018). Badania wytrzymałościowe wybranych skał magmowych i osadowych: Raporty z badań dla ITG KOMAG (Strength tests of selected igneous and sedimentary rocks. Research reports for ITG KOMAG – in polish) (NB-363/RG4/2017, NB-11/RG4/2017, NB-117/RG4/2018, NB 266/RG-4/2018). Unpublished Research Reports. Gliwice: Politechnika Śląska.