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An analysis was made of 13-year wood volume increments on pine trees growing in the immediate vicinity of strip roads, at distances of 2-4 m and 8-10 m (the control). The widths of the strip roads were 3.5 m (short wood extraction with a forwarder) and 2.5 m (long wood skidding with an agricultural tractor), and they were cut during the first thinning. Also, compensation for the lost wood, resulting from increased growth of trees near the strip roads, was estimated. Tree volumes were calculated by the tree section method, based on measurements of yearly tree rings, taken with an electronic caliper on wood disks cut from the centers of 2-meter-long tree sections taken from sample trees. The percentage compensation for volume losses was calculated by comparing the increased volume increment of edge trees with the volume (and its 13-year lost increment) of trees removed from the strip roads. The study showed an increased volume increment of edge trees compared with trees growing deeper in the stand. In the case of wider strip roads, the increased volume increment was also present on trees growing at a distance of about 3 m from the strip roads. After 13 years the increased volume increment on trees bordering the strip roads and growing at a distance of 2-4 m from the strip roads compensated for 35% (wider strip roads) and 28% (narrower strip roads) of the lost wood volume and its unrealized increment.
Słowa kluczowe
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
5--15
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 35 poz., rys., tab.
Twórcy
autor
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
autor
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
autor
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
Bibliografia
- Athanassiadis D. [1997]: Residual stand damage following cut-to-length harvesting operations with a farm tractor in two conifer stands. Silva Fennica 31 [4]: 461-467
- Eriksson H. [1987]: New results from plot no. 5 at Sperlingsholm estate in southwestern Sweden in the European stemnumber experiment in Picea abies. Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research 2: 85-98. DOI: 10.1080/02827588709382448
- Fries J. [1976]: Views on the choice of silvicultural methods and logging techniques in thinning. Forestry Commission Bulletin No. 55: 95-101
- Giefing D. F., Karaszewski Z., Ziemski Z. [2003]: Wpływ szlaków zrywkowych założonych w czasie czyszczeń późnych na kształtowanie się niektórych cech drzew (The effect of strip roads established during late cleanings on the selected parameters of trees). Sylwan 147 [3]: 11-18. DOI: 10.26202/sylwan.2003023
- Gullison R., Hardner J. [1993]: The effects of road design and harvest intensity on forest damage caused by selective logging: empirical results and a simulation model from the Bosque Chimanes, Bolivia. Forest Ecology and Management 59 [1-2]: 1-14. DOI: 10.1016/0378-1127(93)90067-W
- Horák J., Novák J. [2009]: Effect of stand segmentation on growth and development of Norway spruce stand. Journal of Forest Science 55 [7]: 323-329. DOI: 10.17221/61/2008-JFS
- Isomäki A., Niemistö P. [1990]: Effects of strip roads on the growth and yield of young spruce stands in southern Finland. Folia Forestalia 756: 1-36
- Jodłowski K. [2010]: Szlaki zrywkowe w różnych kategoriach cięć (Strip roads in different categories of cuttings). Biblioteczka leśniczego. Zeszyt 316. Wydawnictwo Świat, Warszawa
- Jodłowski K., Moskalik T. [2016]: Uszkodzenia drzew i gleby w procesie pozyskiwania drewna (Damage to soil and trees in the wood harvesting process). Biblioteczka leśniczego 381. Wydawnictwo Świat, Warszawa
- Košir B. [2008]: Damage to young forest due to harvesting in shelterwood systems. Croatian Journal of Forest Engineering 29 [2]: 141-153
- Kuliešis A., Aleinikovas M., Linkevičius E., Kuliešis A.A., Saladis J., Škėma M., Šilinskas B., Beniušienė L. [2018]: The Impact of Strip Roads on the Productivity of Spruce Plantations. Forests 9 [10], 640. DOI: 10.3390/f9100640
- Kusiak W. [2008]: Tendencje na rynku harwesterów i forwarderów w Polsce (Trends in harvester and forwarder markets in Poland). In: Romankow J. (ed.), Bezpieczeństwo pracy w nowoczesnym leśnictwie (Work safety in modern forestry). Katedra Inżynierii Środowiska Pracy UP, Poznań: 24-36
- Laurow Z. [1996]: Szlaki zrywkowe w procesie pozyskiwania drewna. Część I. Definicje i znaczenie (Strip roads in the wood harvesting process. Part 1. Definitions and meaning). Przegląd Techniki Rolniczej i Leśnej 5: 17-18
- Limbeck-Lilienau B. [2003]: Residual stand damage caused by mechanized harvesting systems. In: Limbeck-Lilienau B., Steinmuller T. and Stampfer K. (eds.), Proceedings of high tech forest operations for mountainous terrain. 5–9 Oct. Schlaegl-Austria
- Mäkinen H., Isomäki A., Hongisto T. [2006]: Effect of half-systematic and systematic thinning on the increment of Scots pine and Norway spruce in Finland. Forestry 79 [1]: 103-121. DOI: 10.1093/forestry/cpi061
- Mederski P.S., Karaszewski Z., Rosińska M., Bembenek M. [2016]: Dynamika zmian liczby harwesterów w Polsce oraz czynniki determinujące ich występowanie (Dynamics of harvester fleet change in Poland and factors determining machine occurrence). Sylwan 160 [10]: 795-804. DOI: 10.26202/sylwan.2016030
- Nowacka W., Moskalik T. [2012]: Las miejscem pracy – nowy zawód, nowe możliwości (Forest as a place of work – a new career, new possibilities). Studia i materiały CEPL w Rogowie 32 [3]: 215-221
- Pulkki R.E. [2004]: Glossary of forest harvesting terminology. Available from: http://flash.lakeheadu.ca/~repulkki/REP_terminology.pdf
- Rzadkowski S. [1995]: Wytyczne do projektowania i wykonywania szlaków operacyjnych (Rules for designing and cutting strip roads). IBL, Warszawa
- Rzadkowski S. [1997]: Leśne szlaki operacyjne (Forest strip roads). Las Polski 9: 19-20
- Sirén M. [2000]: Silvicultural Result of One-Grip Harvester Operation. Journal of Forest Engineering 11 [2]: 7-14
- Sist P., Nguyen-Thé N. [2002]: Logging damage and the subsequent dynamics of a dipterocarp forest in East Kalimantan (1990–1996). Forest Ecology and Management 165 [1-3]: 85-103. DOI: 10.1016/S0378-1127(01)00649-1
- Skarżyński J., Brzózko J. [2010]: Harwestery do pozyskiwania drewna stosowane w polskich lasach. Część 1. Charakterystyka ogólna – nośniki (Harvesters for wood logging used in Polish forests. Part 1. General description, carriers). Technika Rolnicza Ogrodnicza Leśna 6: 11-14
- Slamka M., Radocha M. [2010]: Results of harvesters and forwarders operations in Slovakian forests. Lesnícky časopis – Forestry Journal 56 [1]: 1-15
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- Stempski W. [2013]: Wpływ szlaków zrywkowych na potencjał produkcyjny drzewostanu, cechy biometryczne i przyrosty drzew oraz wybrane wskaźniki jakości technicznej drewna drzew na pniu (Effects of skid trails on the tree stand productive potential, biometrical features, tree increment and selected technical quality indicators of standing trees). Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego w Poznaniu, Rozprawy 464
- Stempski W. [2014a]: Szlaki a potencjał produkcyjny drzewostanu (Strip roads and the tree-stand production potential). Drwal 9: 44-47
- Stempski W. [2014b]: Czy zakładanie szlaków zrywkowych przynosi szkody w drzewostanie? (Does cutting strip roads bring damage to the tree stand?). Przegląd Leśniczy 12: 10-11
- Stempski W., Jabłoński K. [2014]: Differentiation of tree diameters at strip roads in a young pine tree-stand. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Silvarum Colendarum Ratio et Industria Lignaria 13 [1]: 37-46
- Suwała M. [2007]: Wpływ uszkodzeń gleby przy pozyskiwaniu drewna w drzewostanach sosnowych w trzebieżach późnych na przyrosty drzew (Effect of soil disturbances by wood harvesting in late thinnings of pine stands on trees increment). Leśne Prace Badawcze 3: 99-116
- Vasiliauskas R. [2001]: Damage to trees due to forestry operations and its pathological significance in temperate forests: a literature review. Journal of Forestry 74 [4]: 319-336. DOI: 10.1093/forestry/74.4.319
- Wallentin C., Nilsson U. [2011]: Initial effect of thinning on stand gross stem-volume production in a 33-year-old Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) stand in Southern Sweden. Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research 26 [11]: 21-35. DOI: 10.1080/02827581.2011.564395
- Yilmaz E., Makineci E., Demir M. [2010]: Skid road effects on annual ring widths and diameter increment of fir (Abies bornmulleriana Mattf.) trees. Transportation Research Part D Transport and Environment 15 [6]: 350-355. DOI: 10.1016/j.trd.2010.02.007
- Zarządzenie nr 35 Dyrektora Generalnego Lasów Państwowych z dnia 29 czerwca 2016 r. w sprawie udostępniania drzewostanów siecią szlaków operacyjnych w jednostkach organizacyjnych Lasów Państwowych (Regulation No. 35 by the Director General of the State Forests)
- Żabierek R., Wojtkowiak R. [2012]: The structure and distribution of harvesters and forwarders in individual Regional Directorates of the State Forests in Poland in the early 2010’s. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Silvarum Colendarum Ratio et Industria Lignaria 11 [4]: 67-77
Uwagi
Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa nr SONP/SP/546092/2022 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2024).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
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