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Pre-concentration and flotation of alunitic kaolin and its possible use in ceramic tile industry

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Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
The aim of this research was to remove sulphur and alunitic parts by the flotation method from alunitic kaolin obtained from the Balikesir-Sindirgi region of Turkey, which is not currently used by the ceramic industry because of its high sulphur content. In the process, mineral alunite was floated while kaolinite was depressed. The effect of pre-concentration on the flotation process was also investigated. Pre-concentration included several processes such as wetting, mechanical scrubbing, and screening for removal of fine alunite particles and colouring oxides from kaolin as well as screening after consecutive milling for the separation of hard minerals such as quartz from kaolin. After the pre-concentration and flotation processes, kaolin concentrate having a SO3 content of 0.48% was obtained with a sulphur removal efficiency of 88.55%, and this kaolin was coded as F4. Afterwards, the use of F4 kaolin in the ceramic industry was investigated. For this purpose, the F4 kaolin was used in angobe preparation, and the angobes prepared were used for the production of floor and wall tiles. The properties of the angobes were also compared to those of commercial floor and wall tile angobes from a ceramic factory. These tests indicated that the floor and wall tile angobes prepared by using F4 kaolin could be used as an alternative for the angobes currently used by the factory.
Słowa kluczowe
Rocznik
Strony
213--231
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 32 poz., rys., tab.
Twórcy
autor
  • Dumlupinar University, Department of Mining Engineering, Kutahya, TURKEY
autor
  • lksem Ar&Ge, Eskisehir Osmangazi University Technopark, Eskisehir, TURKEY
autor
  • Dumlupinar University, Department of Mining Engineering, Kutahya, TURKEY
Bibliografia
  • 1. BERGAYA, F., THENG, B.K.G. and LAGALY, G. (Eds.), 2006, Handbook of Clay Science, Elsevier, Amsterdam.
  • 2. CALDERON, G.D.T., RODRIGUEZ, J.I., ORTIZ-MENDEZ, U. and TORRES-MARTINEZ, L.M., 2005, Iron Leaching of a Mexican Clay of Industrial Interest by Oxalic Acid, Journal of Materials Online, 1, 1-8.
  • 3. CASTELLANO, M., TURTURRO, A., RIANI, P., MONTANARI, T., FINOCCHIO, E., RAMIS. G. and BUSCA, G., 2010, Bulk and Surface Properties of Commercial Kaolins, Applied Clay Science, 48, 446-454.
  • 4. CHANDRASEKHAR, S. and RAMASWAMY, S., 2006, Iron Minerals and Their Influence on the Optical Properties of two Indian Kaolins, Applied Clay Science, 33, 269-277.
  • 5. CILEK, E.C, 2006, Mineral Flotation, Publication of Suleyman Demirel University, No: 59, Isparta-Turkey. (In Turkish)
  • 6. DIKMEN, S., ERSOY, B., AKPINAR, S., BIRCAN, H. and ORHUN, O., 2011, Electrokinetic Properties of the Kaolins Belonging to Eskisehir-Mihallıcık, Afyon Kocatepe University, Journal of Science, Vol. 11, 9-18. (In Turkish)
  • 7. DIXIT, S.G., 1980, Flotation Chemistry of Alunite/Oleate System, Society of Mining Engineers of AIME, No: 80-111, 30.
  • 8. EKMEKCI, Z., GULSOY, O., ERSAYIN, S. and BAYRAKTAR, I., 2001, Desulphurisation of Ivrindi Alunitic Kaolin, Bulletin of Earth Sciences Application and Research Centre of Hacettepe University, 23, 53-60.
  • 9. GENC, S., 1994, Removal of Sulphate and Production of Ceramic Raw Materials from Alunitic Kaolins, Ph.D. Thesis, Eskisehir Osmangazi University. (In Turkish).
  • 10. GIRGIN, I., EKMEKCI, Z. and ERKAL, F., 1993, Beneficiation of Sındırgı alunitic kaolins, in : Turkish XVth Mining Congress, 549-560. (In Turkish)
  • 11. HE, Q., HUANG, X. and CHEN, Z., 2011, Influence of Organic Acids, Complexing Agents and Heavy Metals on the Bioleaching of Iron from Kaolin Using Fe (III) - Reducing Bacteria, Applied Clay Science, 51, 478-483.
  • 12. KINGERY, W.D., BOWEN, H.K. and UHLMANN D.R., 1973, Introduction to Ceramics, Journal of Materials Science, 793.
  • 13. KOCA, S, 1992, The Effect of Reactive Adsorption Mechanism of Kaolin and Alunite to the Determination of Flotation Reagents, Ph.D. Thesis, Anadolu University. (In Turkish).
  • 14. KOSMULSKI, M., 2009, Surface Charging and Points of Zero Charge, Surfactant Science, Taylor and Francis Group, 145, 1064.
  • 15. MATHUR, S., 2002, Kaolin Flotation, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 256, 153-158.
  • 16. MILLER, J.D. and ACHERMAN, J.B., 1980, Bench scale flotation of alunite ore with oleic acid, in : Processing of the International Symposium on Fine Particles Processing, Las Vegas, Nevada, February 24-28 Volume 1.
  • 17. MILLER, J.D. and MISRA, M., 1985, “The hydrophobic character of semi-soluble salt minerals with oleate as collector,” in : Proceedings of the Recent Advances in Mineral Science and Technology, MINTEK 50.
  • 18. MURRAY, H.H, 2007, Applied Clay Mineralogy, Occurrences, Processing and Application of Kaolins, Bentonites, Palygorskite-Sepiolite, and Common Clays, 33-39, 85-108.
  • 19. NEWNS, A. and PASCOE, R.D., 2002, Influence of Path length and Slurry Velocity on the Removal of Iron from Kaolin Using a High Gradient Magnetic Separator, Minerals Engineering, 15, 465-467.
  • 20. OZCAN, A., 2008, The Effect of Paper Surface Roughness to the L*a*b Values, Journal of Engineering and Science, Istanbul Ticaret University, Year: 7, No:14, 53-61. (In Turkish).
  • 21. PEARSE, M.J., 2005, An Overview of the Use of Chemical Reagents in Mineral Processing, Minerals Engineering, 139-149.
  • 22. RAGHAVAN, P., CHANDRASEKHAR, S., VOGT, V. and GOCK E., 2004, Separation of Titanoferrous Impurities from Kaolin by High Shear Pre-treatment and Froth Flotation, Applied Clay Science, 25, 111-120.
  • 23. RAVISHANKAR, S.A., PRADIP and KHOSLA, N.K., 1995, Selective Flocculation of Iron Oxide from its Synthetic Mixtures with Clays: A Comparison of Polyacrylic Acid and Starch Polymers, Int. J. Miner. Processing, 43, 235-247.
  • 24. RYAN, W., and RADFORD, C., 1987, White-ware Production, Testing and Quality Control, Including Materials, Body Formulations and Manufacturing Processes, Pergamon Press, U.S.A., 298.
  • 25. SAKLARA, S., ERSAYIN, S., BAYRAKTAR, I., 1998, Flotation Models, Journal of Mining, Society of Mining Engineers in Turkey, Vol. 37, No: 2. (In Turkish).
  • 26. STEFANOV, S. and BATSCHWAROV, S., 1985, Ceramic Glazes, Germany.
  • 27. SUMER, G.,1991, Beneficiation of alunitic kaolins, in : Vth National Clay Symposium, Eskisehir-Turkey, 349-362. (In Turkish).
  • 28. TATAR, I., 2012, Determination of Usage Areas of the Products Obtained from Alunitic Kaolins by Means of Different Enrichment Approaches, Ph.D. Thesis, Dumlupinar University. (In Turkish).
  • 29. TS EN ISO 10545-9, December 1997, Ceramic Tiles-Determination of Thermal Shock Resistance, Turkish National Standard Institute. (In Turkish).
  • 30. USTAER, C. and GURGEY, I., 1975, The Separation of Alunite in Alunitic Kaolin, Clays and Clay Minerals, Pergamon Press,Vol. 23, 468-472.
  • 31. WILLS, B.A. and NAPIER MUM, T.J., 2006, Froth Flotation: Wills’ Mineral Processing Technology, ISBN 978 0 7506 4450-1, Elsevier, USA..
  • 32. YAPA, N. and ATAK, S., 1994, Beneficiation of north-west Anatolian alunitic kaolins by flotation, in : 2nd National Ceramic Congress of Turkey, Vol. 1, 108-115. (in Turkish).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-5cdbc5c6-3007-4325-a805-3b7987e907b1
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