Investigating the Effects of PU-Based Back-Coating with Boric Acid and Titanium Dioxide Additives on Flame Retardancy Levels and Comfort Properties of 100% Cotton Denim Fabric

Öztürkmen, Ebru; Güneşoğlu, Cem; Topalbekiroğlu, Mehmet

doi:10.2478/ftee-2024-0027

Artykuł - szczegóły

Tytuł artykułu

Investigating the Effects of PU-Based Back-Coating with Boric Acid and Titanium Dioxide Additives on Flame Retardancy Levels and Comfort Properties of 100% Cotton Denim Fabric

Autorzy

Öztürkmen Ebru , Güneşoğlu Cem , Topalbekiroğlu Mehmet

Treść / Zawartość

Pełne teksty:

02_Ozturkmen_Investigating_Fibres_2024_4.pdf

Pobierz

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.2478/ftee-2024-0027

Warianty tytułu

Języki publikacji

Abstrakty

This study aimed to develop a cost-effective and resource-efficient application to enhance the thermal stability, flame retardancy, self-cleaning, and antibacterial properties of cotton denim fabrics through a single-step, flexible, and simple polyurethane (PU) based back-coating method, ultimately increasing the use of denim fabrics in daily and work clothes thanks to the increased functionality. This method utilizes boric acid (H₃BO₃) and a binary composite of H₃BO₃-titanium dioxide (TiO₂) as functional additives while considering comfort parameters. Limiting oxygen index (LOI) and vertical burning tests were conducted to explore the thermal stability and flame retardancy of the samples, while assessments of air permeability, water vapour permeability, thermal resistance, and thermal absorptivity were performed to investigate the comfort properties. Comparing two kinds of back-coated denim fabrics, H₃BO₃-TiO₂ back-coated cotton fabric showed the best flame retardancy with the lowest char length (45 mm) and highest LOI (27%). The air permeability values of back-coated fabrics decreased by approximately half compared to the untreated denim fabric. Although the water vapour permeability values decreased, they were less affected by the coating. Coating application reduced thermal conductivity and thermal absorbency, resulting in more thermally resistant denim fabric. This study demonstrates the potential utility of a PU-based coating incorporating TiO₂ and H₃BO₃ on traditional cotton denim fabrics to enhance flame resistance while minimizing any adverse effects on the overall thermal comfort of the fabric.

Słowa kluczowe

Flame retardant thermophysiological comfort back coating denim fabric boric acid titanium dioxide

Wydawca

Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Łódzki Instytut Technologiczny

Czasopismo

Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe

Rocznik

2024

Tom

Vol. 32, no. 4

Strony

13--21

Opis fizyczny

Bibliogr. 48 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Öztürkmen Ebru

ebrudemirci60@gmail.com

Gaziantep University, Graduate School of Natural & Applied Sciences, Textile Engineering Department, Üniversite Bulvarı, 27310 Şehitkamil, Gaziantep, Turkey

autor

Güneşoğlu Cem

Gaziantep University, Graduate School of Natural & Applied Sciences, Textile Engineering Department, Üniversite Bulvarı, 27310 Şehitkamil, Gaziantep, Turkey

autor

Topalbekiroğlu Mehmet

Gaziantep University, Graduate School of Natural & Applied Sciences, Textile Engineering Department, Üniversite Bulvarı, 27310 Şehitkamil, Gaziantep, Turkey

Bibliografia

1. Adamu BF. Permeability and Moisture Management Properties of Denim Fabric Made from Cotton, Spandex, and Polyester. J Inst Eng India Ser E 2022;103:253–8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40034-022-00249-1
2. Becenen N., Eyi G. Investigation of the flammability properties of a cotton and elastane blend denim fabric in the presence of boric acid, borax, and nanoSiO 2 . J Text Inst 2021;112:1080–92. https://doi.org/10.1080/00405000.2020.1 800974
3. Periyasamy AP., Militky J. Denim and consumers’ phase of life cycle. In: Muthu SS, editor. Sustain. Denim, Sawston: Woodhead; 2017, p. 257–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-102043-2.00010- 1
4. Becenen N., Erdoğan S. Chitosan and nano-TiO 2 coating improves the flame retardancy of dyed and undyed denim fabrics by increasing the charring. J Ind Text 2022;51:1252S-1278S. https://doi.org/10.1177/15280837221099632
5. Talebi S., Montazer M. Denim Fabric with Flame retardant, hydrophilic and self-cleaning properties conferring by in-situ synthesis of silica nanoparticles. Cellulose 2020;27:6643–61. https://doi. org/10.1007/s10570-020-03195-6
6. Liu Y., Wang X., Qi K, Xin JH. Functionalization of cotton with carbon nanotubes. J Mater Chem 2008;18:3454– 60. https://doi.org/10.1039/b801849a
7. Javed A., Wiener J., Saskova J., Müllerová J. Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and N-Methylol Dimethyl Phosphonopropion Amide (MDPA) System for Flame Retardant Cotton Fabrics. Polymers 2022;14:3414. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14163414
8. Ling C., Guo L., Wang Z. A review on the state of flame-retardant cotton fabric: Mechanisms and applications. Ind Crops Prod 2023;194:116264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2023.116264
9. Zhang K., Zong L., Tan Y., Ji Q., Yun W., Shi R., et al. Improve the flame retardancy of cellulose fibers by grafting zinc ion. Carbohydr Polym 2016;136:121– 7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.09.026
10. Abed A., Bouazizi N., Giraud S., El Achari A., Campagne C., Vieillard J., et al. Functional Cotton Fabric: Enhancement in Flame Retardancy and Thermal Stability. Int J Nanoparticles Nanotechnol 2020;6:1–13. https://doi.org/10.35840/2631-5084/5537
11. Attia N., Ahmed H., Yehia D., Hassan M., Zaddin Y. Novel synthesis of nanoparticles-based back coating flame-retardant materials for historic textile fabrics conservation. J Ind Text 2017;46:1379–92. https://doi.org/10.1177/1528083715619957
12. Wang Q., Undrell JP., Gao Y., Cai G., Buffet J-C., Wilkie CA., et al. Synthesis of Flame-Retardant Polypropylene/LDHBorate Nanocomposites. Macromolecules 2013;46:6145–50. https://doi.org/10.1021/ma401133s
13. Zhou C., Zhou S., You F., Wang Z., Li D., Li G., et al. Effectively improving flame retardancy levels of finished cotton fabrics only by simple binary silicon-boron oxide sols. J Polym Res 2023;30:437. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10965-023-03812-5
14. Akarslan F. Investigation on Fire Retardancy Properties of Boric Acid Doped Textile Materials. Acta Phys Pol A 2015;128:B-403-B-405. https://doi.org/10.12693/APhysPolA.128.B-403
15. Qiu X., Li Z., Li X., Zhang Z. Flame retardant coatings prepared using layer by layer assembly: A review. Chem Eng J 2018;334:108–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2017.09.194
16. Duan H., Li J., Gu J., Lu L., Qi D. Onepot preparation of cotton fibers with simultaneous enhanced durable flameretardant and antibacterial properties by grafting copolymerized with vinyl monomers. React Funct Polym 2022;181:105438. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2022.105438
17. Ayesh M., Horrocks AR., Kandola BK. The Effect of Combined Atmospheric Plasma/UV Treatments on Improving the Durability of Flame Retardants Applied to Cotton. Molecules 2022;27:8737. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27248737
18. Bentis A., Boukhriss A., Gmouh S. Flame-retardant and water-repellent coating on cotton fabric by titania–boron sol–gel method. J Sol-Gel Sci Technol 2020;94:719–30. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-020-05224-z
19. Zope IS., Foo S., Seah DGJ., Akunuri AT., Dasari A. Development and Evaluation of a Water-Based Flame Retardant Spray Coating for Cotton Fabrics. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2017;9:40782–91. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.7b09863
20. Nosaka T., Lankone R., Westerhoff P., Herckes P. Flame retardant performance of carbonaceous nanomaterials on polyester fabric. Polym Test 2020;86:106497. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymertesting.2020.106497
21. Bhuiyan MAR., Wang L., Shanks RA., Ding J. Polyurethane–superabsorbent polymer-coated cotton fabric for thermophysiological wear comfort. J Mater Sci 2019;54:9267–81. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-019-03495-8
22. Bhuiyan MAR., Wang L., Anjuman Ara Z., Saha T., Wang X. Omniphobic polyurethane – superabsorbent polymer – fluoropolymer surface coating on cotton fabric for chemical protection and thermal comfort. J Ind Text 2022;51:6590S-6611S. https://doi.org/10.1177/15280837221078535
23. Liang S., Neisius NM., Gaan S. Recent developments in flame retardant polymeric coatings. Prog Org Coat 2013;76:1642–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2013.07.014
24. Ortelli S., Malucelli G., Cuttica F., Blosi M., Zanoni I., Costa AL. Coatings made of proteins adsorbed on TiO2 nanoparticles: a new flame retardant approach for cotton fabrics. Cellulose 2018;25:2755–65. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-018-1745-z
25. Horrocks AR. Overview of traditional flame retardant solutions including coating and back-coating technologies. In: Alongi J, Horrocks AR, Carosio F, Malucelli G, editors. Update Flame Retard. Text. State Art Environ. Issues Innov. Solut., Shawburry, UK: Smithers Rapra; 2013, p. 123–78.
26. Özer MS., Wesemann M-J, Gaan S. Flame retardant back-coated PET fabric with DOPO-based environmentally friendly formulations. Prog Org Coat 2023;175:107363. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2022.107363
27. Yao Z., Liu X., Qian L., Chen Y., Xu B., Qiu Y. Synthesis and Characterization of Aluminum 2-Carboxyethyl-PhenylPhosphinate and Its Flame-Retardant Application in Polyester. Polymers 2019;11:1969. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym11121969
28. Sun Y., Liu C., Hong Y., Liu R., Zhou X. Synthesis and application of selfcrosslinking and flame retardant waterborne polyurethane as fabric coating agent. Prog Org Coat 2019;137:105323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2019.105323
29. Gite VV., Mahulikar PP., Hundiwale DG. Preparation and properties of polyurethane coatings based on acrylic polyols and trimer of isophorone diisocyanate. Prog Org Coat 2010;68:307–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2010.03.008
30. Havlova M. Air Permeability, Water Vapour Permeability And Selected Structural Parameters Of Woven Fabrics. Fibres Text 2020;27:12–8.
31. Eryuruk SH. The effects of elastane and finishing properties on wicking, drying and water vapour permeability properties of denim fabrics. Int J Cloth Sci Technol 2019;32:208–17. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCST-01-2019-0003
32. Gültekin E., Çelik Hİ., Nohut S., Elma SK. Predicting air permeability and porosity of nonwovens with image processing and artificial intelligence methods. J Text Inst 2020;111:1641–51. https://doi.org/10.108 0/00405000.2020.1727267.
33. Berkalp ÖB. Air Permeability & Porosity in Spun-laced Fabrics. Fibres Text East Eur 2006;14:81–5.
34. Güneşoğlu S. The statistical investigation of the effect of hydrophilic polyurethane coating on various properties of denim fabric. Tekst Ve Konfeksiyon 2015;25:256–62.
35. Mondal S., Hu JL. A novel approach to excellent UV protecting cotton fabric with functionalized MWNT containing water vapor permeable PU coating. J Appl Polym Sci 2007;103:3370–6. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.25437
36. Ozen I. Multi-layered Breathable Fabric Structures with Enhanced Water Resistance. J Eng Fibers Fabr 2012;7:63–9. https://doi.org/10.1177/155892501200700402
37. Lubnin A., Anderle G., Snow G., Varn R., Lenhard S. Novel, “breathable” polyurethane dispersions. Paint Coat Ind 2005;21:26–35.
38. Wei B., Xu F., Azhar SW., Li W., Lou L., Liu W., et al. Fabrication and property of discarded denim fabric/polypropylene composites. J Ind Text 2015;44:798–812. https://doi.org/10.1177/1528083714550055
39. Hu X., Tian M., Qu L., Zhu S., Han G. Multifunctional cotton fabrics with graphene/polyurethane coatings with farinfrared emission, electrical conductivity, and ultraviolet-blocking properties. Carbon 2015;95:625–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2015.08.099
40. Potočić Matković VM., Čubrić IS., Skenderi Z. Thermal resistance of polyurethane-coated knitted fabrics before and after weathering. Text Res J 2014;84:2015–25. https://doi.org/10.1177/0040517514537368
41. Gurudatt K., De P., Sarkar RK., Bardhan MK. Studies on Influence of Blowing Agent in Polymeric Coating Formulations on Thermal Resistance of Coated Textiles. J Ind Text 2001;31:103–22. https://doi.org/10.1106/LN83-8YPN-TAXAMMMM
42. Abbas A., Zhao Y., Ali U., Lin T. Improving heat-retaining property of cotton fabrics through surface coatings. J Text Inst 2017;108:1808–14. https://doi.org/10.1080/00405000.2017.1292638
43. Souza JM., Sampaio S., Silva WC., De Lima SG., Zille A., Fangueiro R. Characterization of functional single jersey knitted fabrics using nonconventional yarns for sportswear. Text Res J 2018;88:275–92. https://doi.org/10.1177/0040517516677226
44. Mangat MM., Hes L. Comfort aspects of denim garments. In: Paul R, editor. Denim Manuf. Finish. Appl., Woodhead Publishing; 2015, p. 461–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-85709-843-6.00015-9
45. Lewis DM., Hawkes JA., Hawkes L., Mama J. A new approach to flame‐ retardant cellulosic fabrics in an environmentally safe manner. Color Technol 2020;136:512–25. https://doi.org/10.1111/cote.12504
46. Younis AA. Evaluation of the flammability and thermal properties of a new flame retardant coating applied on polyester fabric. Egypt J Pet 2016;25:161–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpe.2015.04.001
47. Martín C., Ronda JC., Cádiz V. Boroncontaining novolac resins as flame retardant materials. Polym Degrad Stab 2006;91:747–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2005.05.025
48. Poon C., Kan C. Effects of TiO 2 and curing temperatures on flame retardant finishing of cotton. Carbohydr Polym 2015;121:457–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.11.064

Typ dokumentu

Bibliografia

Identyfikator YADDA

bwmeta1.element.baztech-5c1ba289-c260-478e-9e69-4f0520fc9682