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The article develops the concept of considering electric vehicles in the design of fire safety of cargo decks on a roll-on/roll-off ship (“ro-ro”) during an electric vehicle fire. To begin with, recent research on fire ventilation in the cargo spaces of ro-ro seagoing ships was reviewed. The division of fire ventilation systems used in underground garages and the division of ventilation systems on ro-ro ships in the cargo compartment are presented. In addition, the author’s concept of fire protection on a ro-ro ship by introducing additional fire protection in the form of a fire ventilation system as required in underground garages is presented. The article also outlines the current electric car firefighting techniques.
Wydawca
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
173--189
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 29 poz., rys.
Twórcy
autor
- Maritime University, Szczecin, Poland
autor
- Fire University, Warsaw, Poland
autor
- Fire University, Warsaw, Poland
Bibliografia
- [1] Class NK, (2023). Guidelines for the safe transportation of electric vehicles (Edition 1.0).
- [2] CNBOP (Scientific and Research Centre for Fire Protection), (2023). Prowadzenie działań ratowniczych podczas zdarzeń z udziałem pojazdów z napędem elektrycznym. Józefów: CNBOP.
- [3] Derski, B., (2023). Strażacy o pożarach samochodów elektrycznych. Wysokie Napięcie. https://wysokienapiecie.pl/90860-strazacy-o-pozarach-samochodow-elektrycznych/. [04.04.2025]
- [4] Diaz, F. et al., (2019). Gas generation measurement and evaluation during mechanical processing and thermal treatment of spent Li-ion batteries. Waste Management, no. 84, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2018.11.029
- [5] EMSA, (2022). Guidance on the carriage of AFVs carriage in ro-ro spaces.
- [6] EMSA, (2016). FIRE SAFE I, Study investigating cost effective measures for reducing the risk from fires on ro-ro passenger ships.
- [7] ELBAS, (2021). Electric Vehicle Fires at Sea: New Technologies and Methods for Suppression, Containment, And Extinguishing of Battery Car Fires Onboard Ships (Full final report), DBI.
- [8] https://apnews.com/article/cargo-ship-electric-car-fire-alaska-22fff66494b023142376bda01a781744. [07.06.2025]
- [9] https://www.avl.com/en/testing-solutions/e-mobility-testing/battery-testing/avl-stingray-one. [06.04.2025]
- [10] https://nafeco.com/products/rosenbauer-battery-extinguishing-system-technology-best/16547b-002. [06.04.2025]
- [11] https://www.tegakari.net/en/2022/04/car-fire-blanket/. [04.04.2025]
- [12] IMO, (2018). International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, (SOLAS Convention), Consolidated Edition, as amended.
- [13] IUMI, (2023). Best practice & recommendations for the safe carriage of electric vehicle EVs.
- [14] Kurzewski et al., (2023). An investigation into the effects of state of charge and heating rate on propagating thermal runaway in Li-ion batteries with experiments and simulations. Fire Safety Journal, 140, 103885. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.firesaf.2023.103885
- [15] MCA (Maritime and Coastguard Agency), (2023). Guidance MGN 653. Amendment 1 electric vehicles onboard passenger roll-on/roll-off (ro-ro) ferries.
- [16] NTSB, (2020). Fire aboard Roll-on/Roll-off Vehicle Carrier Höegh Xiamen. https://maritimecyprus.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/04/Hoegh-Xiamen-investigation-report. pdf. [05.04.2025]
- [17] Lilja, A., Lindgren, M. (2019). Influence of ventilation on ro-ro space fire development – A study using two- zone fire models in order to explore tendencies of how different ventilation parameters affects the fire development in ro-ro space, Lulea University of Technology.
- [18] LASH FIRE, (2023). Deliverable D11.5 Elucidation and guidelines for ro-ro space.
- [19] LASH FIRE, (2023a). Deliverable D10.4 Large-scale validation of the new fire test standard for alternative fixed fire-fighting systems.
- [20] Olofsson A. Ranudd E, (2020). RO5 ro-ro space fire ventilation Summary report, Research Institutes of Sweden, RISE Report 2020:06.
- [21] Pałucha K., Puchalski J., Śliwiński A., (2015). Statki poziomego ładowania. Gdańsk: TRADEMAR.
- [22] Polish Register of Shipping, (2022). Information Publication 39/I, Guidelines for the safe carriage of alternative fuel vehicles (afv) on ro-ro vessels and the charging of electric vehicles on board. Gdańsk.
- [23] Technical documentation of the Malacca Highway ship.
- [24] Todorov, M.D., (2016). Ro-Ro Handbook: A Practical Guide to Roll-On Roll-Off Cargo Ships. New York: Cornell Maritime Press.
- [25] Tofiło P., (2020). Koncepcje ochrony budynków PM. Ochrona przeciwpożarowa, 2–3, pp. 2–8.
- [26] Węglarz K., Złoczowska E., Krasuski A., (2024). Problems of fire protection in the ro-ro space of rollon/ roll-off ships during an electric vehicle fire Part 1 Problem areas in fire protection of cargo decks of ro-ro ships in the context of an electric vehicle fire. Zeszyty Naukowe SGSP, 90(2), 109–129.
- [27] Węgrzyński, W., Krajewski, G., (2015). Systemy wentylacji pożarowej garaży. Projektowanie, ocena, odbiór. Warsaw: Instytut Techniki Budowlanej.
- [28] Węgrzyński, W., (2021). Smoke control of car parks with electric vehicles. Instal, 7/8, 27–32.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-5a6b58fe-1198-458d-affa-e1aa66d34562
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